FERN PLANTS GALLERY PAGES Fern Culture with British Ferns and their Allies comprising the Ferns, Club-mosses, Pepperworts and Horsetails by Thomas Moore, F.L.S, F.H.S., Etc. London George Routledge and Sons, Broadway, Ludgate Hill. Hardcover published in 1861 provides details on British Ferns |
TYPE OF FERN TO GROW
Where to see UNITED STATES WALES |
USE OF FERN
Where to see AUSTRALIA CANADA ENGLAND FRANCE GERMANY IRELAND NETHERLANDS
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SPORE COLOUR BED PICTURES Where to see NEW ZEALAND SCOTLAND UNITED STATES |
A Natural History of Britain's Ferns by Christopher N. Page. Published by William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd in 1988. ISBN 0 00 219382 5 (limpback edition) provides details of Coastal, Man-made Landscapes, Woodland, Wetland, Grassland and Rock Outcrops, Heath and Moorland, Lower Mountain Habitats, Upper Mountain Habitats and Atlantic Fringe Ferns. Tree Ferns by Mark F. Large & John E. Braggins. Published by Timber Press in 2004. ISBN 978-1-60469-176-4 is a scientifically accurate book dealing with Tree Fern species cultivated in the United States and the Pacific, but little known and rare tree ferns are also included. The Observer's Book of Ferns, revised by Francis Rose, previous editions compiled by W.J.Stokoe. Published by Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd in 1965 provides a comprehensive guide to 45 British species of Ferns. It provides details of habitat and how to use those ferns. The Plant Lover's Guide to Ferns by Richard Steffen & Sue Olsen. Published in 2015 by Timber Press, Inc. ISBN 978-1-60469- Success with Indoor Ferns, edited by Lesley Young. Reprinted 1998. ISBN 1 85391 554 8. It details the care of indoor ferns with their position, choice and fern care. |
Where to see UNITED STATES |
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Lithophytes are plants that grow in or on rocks. USE OF FERN as Ferns for Rock Garden in the UK from Ferns for Home and Garden Flowers & Plants. Published by Magna Books in 1995. ISBN 1 85422 888 9. Design and text of plan, planting plan, flowering and colour scheme: Bureau Willemien Dijkshoorn BNT, Amsterdam:-
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Fern |
Foliage Colour and |
Height x Spread in inches (cms) |
Type of Fern to Grow |
Use of Fern |
Comments |
Frond |
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Doryopteris concolor (Cheilanthes concolor, Doryopteris kirkii, Pellaea geraniifolia, Pteris concolor) Central and South America, West Indies, Africa, Asia, Polynesia, Australia concolor: coloured similarly; alluding to the almost uniform shade of green of both surfaces of the frond. Its common name is the Hand Fern due to having fronds (large divided leaves) shaped like hands (Arab Times, 2011) and also the Oak Leaf Fern (Lockyer Valley Regional Council, n.d.) in Western Australia. |
Rhizome erect to procumbent, up to 3 mm in diameter; rhizome scales dark-brown, linear, up to 3 mm in length, margins pale, entire. Fronds tufted, sometimes weakly dimorphic.
Doryopteris concolor is nowadays generally placed in the genus called Chelianthes (Spencer, 1995). According to Cook Islands Biodiversity Database (n.d.), Doryopteris concolor is commonly called the Cheilanthes fern in Cook Island (Cook Islands Biodiversity Database, n.d.). Sori continuous along the margins of the lobules, brownish. |
4-12 x
Doryopteris concolor is known as a resurrection fern. This is because its fronds curl inwards when they dry out. It is able to survive long periods of dry weather. The fern can completely dry out (known as desiccation) and when it becomes wet again the fronds resume their normal function in just a few hours (Bostock, n.d.). Doryopteris concolor has been recorded fertile from May to August (Smith, 1992). It has up to 12 fronds per plant, 64 spores per sporangium (Roux, 2003) and a root system which sets it in the ground. It has no dormant period and is known as epilithic, meaning it grows on the surface of rocks (Roux, 2003). |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: |
Suitable for Acid Soil. Bright to semi- shady, no sunlight. The same indoor temperature all year round. Not below 16° C (61° F) during the winter. Keep evenly moist. In winter water less when temperatures are low. Sensitive to water-logging. Give low doses of fertilizer every four weeks from early spring to early autumn. Make sure ventilation is good. Repot in spring if necessary. |
A fern with dark green, hand-shaped fronds. Forms a pleasant little clump and blends well with rocks. Needs wam, dry, airy conditions in well-drained, acid to neutral soil. A small fern with erect rhizomes. Habitat in Rock crevices, base of boulders, shaded earth banks in ravines in miombo woodland in Zimbabwe It grows in montane areas (mountains or areas of high elevation). Landforms in which Doryopteris concolor inhabits includes in ravines, on earth mounds and at the base of boulders (Flora of Zambia, n.d.). It is a fern that establishes itself in deeply shaded leaf litter and on rocks in seasonally moist evergreen forests. It is an epilithic fern and lithophytic fern meaning it grows on rocks, frequently on limestone. Sometimes it is found in sheltered damp areas of woodland or open forest but most commonly in rainforests. It thrives in moist soils (University of Connecticut, 2013), especially brown to red loam, and grows best in high humidity. |
Doryopteris concolor - Young fronds of an Oak-leaf fern in Krantzkloof Nature Reserve, KwaZulu-Natal. Date: 4 June 2013. By JMK via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Doryopteris ludens (Dryopteris wallichii) Peninsular Malaysia with northern India to southern China. The Tropical Fern & Exotic Plant Society is based in South Florida. |
It has dimorphic leaves; the leaves change shape. It has a creeping rhizome and spaced fronds, the fertile ones of which are taller and more deeply lobed. Fronds are dark green and leathery and are carried on wiry black stems. Able to tolerate short spells of dryness at the root zone if there is high humidity; planting media/ soil should be moist, but not soggy or wet continually as this can cause the plant to rot. |
12 x
Welcome to hortipedia, the plant database that lets you search and find plants by life-form, bloom color, bloom time, size, and many more.. Currently our database holds entries about 32149 plants. |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: |
Suitable for Containers or Hanging Baskets in Conservatory or Heated Greenhouse in the UK. Bright to semi- shady, no sunlight. The same indoor temperature all year round. Not below 16° C (61° F) during the winter. Keep evenly moist. In winter water less when temperatures are low. Sensitive to water-logging. Give low doses of fertilizer every four weeks from early spring to early autumn. Make sure ventilation is good. Repot in spring if necessary. Best to keep above 50 degrees F (10 degrees C). |
This small fern is suitable for containers or hanging baskets in shade. A small-medium fern with slender, long-creeping rhizomes. Grows well under medium light in moist potting mix. Plants like warm, dry, airy conditions and a well-drained, alkaline soil mix. Grows on limestone. The perennials prefer a half-shady situation on moderately moist soil. The substrate should be gritty loam. They tolerate temperatures only above at least 1°C (USDA zone 10). Grows on Limestone rocks by streams in forests; 400-1000 m. |
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Doryopteris ludens - Botanical specimen in Saigon Zoo and Botanical Gardens - Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. By Daderot via Wikimedia Commons.
Doryopteris ludens - Botanical specimen in the Marie Selby Botanical Gardens - Sarasota, Florida, USA. Date: 20 March 2017. By Daderot via Wikimedia Commons. See more photos. |
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Gymnopteris marantae (Cheilanthes marantae, Paraceterach marantae, Acrostichum marantae, Para-gymnopteris marantae) European golden-haired bare fern Africa, Southern Europe, Syria, Northern India, Canary Islands. |
The undersides of the fronds are covered in rusty red scales, which add to its ornamental appeal. The lateral veins are bifurcated, and the sporangia group is placed along the upper part of the small veins, covering the scales, without a cover. |
4-10 x |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: |
Suitable for Terrarium or Conservatory or Heated Greenhouse for Temperate regions; Keep the terrarium on the dry side or even left open. |
A very drought-tolerant little fern. Best grown in a rock pocket exposed to partial or filtered sun. Likes air movement and must not be overwatered. In temperate regions it should be kept as dry as possible over winter. It grows in the dry stone seams under the forest, at an altitude of 1800-4200 meters. |
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See photos. Welcome to the garden plant network! The Garden Plant Network is the website of Landscape Network. The goal is to collect common garden plants in southern China and northern China. Centering on the garden plant library and plant illustration library, there are 4,900 garden plants, 90,517 plant illustrations, 17,404 plant encyclopedias, and 56,390 plant pictures. |
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Hemionitis cordata (Hemionitis arifolia, Hemionitis cordifolia, Asplenium arifolium, Gymnogramma arifolia, Parahemionitis cordata) Heart Fern, Heart Leaf Fern. India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Malaysia, Phillipines. Zones 10-12 (between 8C to 40C). Hemionitis is a group of small tropical ferns, with copiously netted veins and naked lines of sporangia following the veins. 8 or 9 species occur in the tropics of both hemispheres. The plants are dwarf, and are grown in Wardian cases by a few fanciers in the Old World. Subtropical-Temperate dry, needs lime |
It has dimorphic fronds: the sterile blades are heart-shaped; the fertile, triangular-hastate. Both fronds have hais on the stipes and thinly on the blades, and the veins are netted with polygonal, elongate areoles. |
6-12 x 12-18 For a potted crop: During the spring-summer growing season, water regularly with non-calcareous water at room temperature and, if necceccary, apply a small amount of fertilizer, always on moist soil; it will take a good month after its acquisition when the Hemionite will seem to have acclimated, select a fertilizer for green plants highly diluted, do not forget that in a natural environment, it is often a myrmecophilous plant. Recommend watering by immersion of the root ball during about 30 minutes, then take care not to let water stagnate in the pot cache. In the winter, reduce the watering and maintain it ptreferably at a temperature between 10-14C. Repotting, if necessary, will be done in the spring in a slightly enriched substrate. |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: Division in the spring. |
Suitable for Terrarium or Wardian Case.
Warm Greenhouse Evergreen Ferns. Fronds heart-shaped or hand-shaped. First introduced late eighteenth century. |
Warm Greenhouse Fern. A neat little fern which is very sensitive to over-potting and is best maintained in a small pot for as long as possible. Plants prefer an open, humus-rich neutral to alkaline soil mix, warm conditions and strong light. Small plantlets arise on the main veins of the leaf near the base. The terrarium is ideal for its constant temperature and hygrometry. Its origin was in the rainforests of Southeast Asia present in Laos, Vietnam, Ceylon and Taiwan. Wet soil and rock crevices of stream valleys in dense forests, shrublands, slopes; below 1000 m.. Use in Terrarium; reptile and amphibian safe. |
Hemionitis arifolia - Botanical specimen in the Lyman Plant House, Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts, USA. Date 20 December 2012. By Daderot via Wikimedia Commons. See images of this fern from Ferns of Thailand, Laos and Cambodia - On muddy rocks or terrestrial by paths in dense forests at low to medium altitudes below 600 m throughout the country but rather rare. Use as houseplant, in Terrarium or in Bog Garden. Needs excellent drainage in pots. See photos. Excellent ground cover in terrarium - Siam Greenculture ship throughout world. |
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Hemionitis elegans (Doryopteris elegans, Bommeria elegans, Hemionitis hederifolia) Mexico
Hemionitis is a group of small tropical ferns, with copiously netted veins and naked lines of sporangia following the veins. 8 or 9 species occur in the tropics of both hemispheres. The plants are dwarf, and are grown in Wardian cases by a few fanciers in the Old World. Bommeria is a "gymno-grammoid" fern, exhibiting unprotected sori aligned along veins on the undersides of the fronds. This is why it was assumed to be closely allied to Hemionitis. Such a feature is strongly at odds with most pteridoid ferns (Pteridaceae), which typically have linear marginal sori with an indusium, and sometimes protected with a reflexed leaf tissue margin. Apparently, this is a trait that can arise independently, and may be an atavistic trait. |
Leaves 4-10 inches wide, with a broad sinus at the base and 5 long slender, lanceolate divisions: plant smooth. |
4-10 x 4-10 |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: By spores sown on pans of sandy peat under bell-glass in temperature 65-75F (18-24C) at any time |
Suitable for Terrarium or Wardian Case. Warm Greenhouse Evergreen Ferns. Fronds heart-shaped or hand-shaped. First introduced late eighteenth century. |
Warm Greenhouse Fern. A very beautiful species with large, shallowly-lobed fronds of a pleasing shape. New fronds are light green and contrast with the darker green, mature fronds. Plants like warm, dry, airy conditions in a well-drained acid to neutral soil mix. |
Bommeria elegans - gardenforestjour41891sarg illustration from Garden and forest; a journal of horticulture, landscape art and forestry published in 1888. Date: 1891. By Sargent, Charles Sprague, 1841-1927 via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Hemionitis palmata West Indies, Central and South America with Distribution Map Hemionitis is a group of small tropical ferns, with copiously netted veins and naked lines of sporangia following the veins. 8 or 9 species occur in the tropics of both hemispheres. The plants are dwarf, and are grown in Wardian cases by a few fanciers in the Old World. |
Leaf-blades borne on tall stalks, palmate, 2-6 inches (5-15 cms) wide, with 5 nearly equal triangular divisions, those of the sterile leaves less acute; surfaces pubescent. Reproduces by numerous buds as well as by spores. Spores elongate on the netted veins as shown by images in Ferns and Lycophytes of the World |
8 x
Hemionitis grows in open, or sometimes dense, forests, on shrubby hillsides, and in open rocky areas. It is often on stream banks, on road banks, or on old rock walls, very rarely on rotting logs. Hemionitis palmata may be weedy, sometimes invading coffee or bannana plantations. Colonies of Hemionitis palmata are often formed by vegetative reproduction. Buds in the major sinuses of the lamina develop when the leaf ages and lies on the soil. Hemionitis usually grows between 100 and 1000 m, sometimes lower to nearly sea level, and in the Andes higher to 2800 m. |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: Division in the spring. |
Suitable for Wardian Case or Terrarium. Warm Greenhouse Evergreen Ferns. Fronds heart-shaped or hand-shaped. First introduced late eighteenth century. |
Warm Greenhouse Fern. An attractive little fern with leaves of a similar shape to those of a strawberry. The sterile fronds have short stalks and are clustered below the much taller fertile fronds. Small plantlets arise on the main veins of the leaf near the base. Plants are popular in cultivation and like warm, airy conditions in a small pot. Grows well under medium light in moist potting mix. Usually 1 bud develops in a large marginal notch on the blade. Grow in shade. Plants of Saint Lucia - Indigenous rare terrestrial on dry forested rocky hills. |
Hemionitis palmata specimen in the Botanischer Garten München-Nymphenburg, Munich, Germany. Date: 2 May 2011. By Daderot via Wikimedia Commons |
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Pellaea ovata United States (Texas), Central and South America, West Indies Semi-hardy, Pellaea are small rock-loving ferns thriving best on limestone rocks. Sori at the ends of free veins forming a mostly continuous marginal band around the segments and covered by the more or less changed margin of the segments. The species are perhaps 40 or more, widely scattered in many countries. Some of them are glasshouse subjects and others are hardy. Latin: ovatus, egg-shaped or ovate, presumably in reference to the shape of the ultimate leaf segments. |
A medium-sized fern with short-creeping rhizomes and lax fronds. Grows well under medium-high light in moist-dry, drained garden soil with coarse sand. Elongate triangular blades to 34 inches (84 cm) long and 12 (30) broad, mostly three-pinnate and gray-green. "Pellaea comes from the Greek pellos, dusky, an apt description of foliage colour. The 50-70 species are primarily of rocky dryland sites in the Western Hemisphere.The fern's exposure is tempered by the shade of rocks that collect and funnel the minimal dessert moisture to a relatively cool ferny root run. They want bright airy exposures, but not quite full sun, and turn spindly in too much shade. Tuck their long-ranging roots in moist but well-drained crevices in rocky sites and give them a gritty top dressing. They are good candidates for container culture, but where they can be grown in customized soil and moved around when in need of attention." from The Plant Lover's Guide to Ferns by Richie Steffen and Sue Olsen. Published by Timber Press in 2015, Second printing 2017. ISBN 978-1-60469-474-1 |
8-48 x The attributes include its drought resistance and its tolerance of both alkaline soils and high temperatures. Cliff brake fern responds well to regular irrigation, but can thrive with neglect and occasional watering. We have observed that with even prolonged wilting, mature fronds of P. ovata revive with watering. Overwatering can kill cliff brake fern, and so it should not be placed with plants that have high water needs. Since the fern is tolerant of both full sun and moderate shade, it can be used throughout the landscape in most light environments, except dense shade. Because it also grows well in rich woodland soils, P. ovata should be adaptable to many landscape schemes. |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in shallow pan in temperature 70-80F (21-27C) at any time; division of plants in February or April, "when the plants have rhizomatous roots. Plant in a soil composed of 2 parts peat to 1 each of loam and mortar rubbish. |
Suitable for Fern found on Limestone or Basic Soil. Greenhouse Evergreen and Deciduous Ferns. First introduced mid-eighteenth century. |
A large-growing species with a creeping, wiry rhizome, strongly zig-zagged fronds and oval to heart-shaped leathery, dark green segments. Best grown in the ground in a partial-sun situation. Needs well-drained to alkaline soil. Occurs on rocky slopes and ledges at altitudes of 300-1700 m. Leaves often supported by surrounding vegetation, on a variety of substrates including granite and limestone. Evergreen and Deer resistant. Found on rocky slopes and ledges in south Texas, Edwards Plateau and Trans-Pecos - See Distribution Map. |
Photographed at the Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney (Australia) in January. This photo is from Gardenology.org and is available under CC-BY-SA 3.0 license, via Wikimedia Commons. The label above may be correct, but where is the Pellaea ovata that looks like this image. |
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Pellaea paradoxa (Adiantum paradoxum) Large-leaved Sickle Fern Australia Paradoxa from the Latin paradoxus (paradoxical) because the species was originally classified in the genus Adiantum, from which it differs by having continuous marginal sori. Pellaea are small rock-loving ferns thriving best on limestone rocks. Sori at the ends of free veins forming a mostly continuous marginal band around the segments and covered by the more or less changed margin of the segments. The species are perhaps 40 or more, widely scattered in many countries. Some of them are glasshouse subjects and others are hardy. |
Fronds are usually curved, 4 to 9 cm long, and 1 to 4 cm wide. Leathery to touch and a dull green. Juvenile fronds may be heart shaped. The stalks are around 1 to 5 mm long. Sori appear in a band, usually 2 to 3 mm wide, at the edge of the underside of the fronds. Pellaea comes from the Greek pellos, dusky, an apt description of foliage colour. The 50-70 species are primarily of rocky dryland sites in the Western Hemisphere.The fern's exposure is tempered by the shade of rocks that collect and funnel the minimal dessert moisture to a relatively cool ferny root run. They want bright airy exposures, but not quite full sun, and turn spindly in too much shade. Tuck their long-ranging roots in moist but well-drained crevices in rocky sites and give them a gritty top dressing. They are good candidates for container culture, but where they can be grown in customized soil and moved around when in need of attention. Very young fronds have a single heart- shaped leaf. |
4-24 x
Pellaea paradoxa 'Glowstar' will tolerate sub-zero temperatures for short periods if kept dry. |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in shallow pan in temperature 70-80F (21-27C) at any time; division of plants in February or April, "when the plants have rhizomatous roots. Plant in a soil composed of 2 parts peat to 1 each of loam and mortar rubbish. |
Suitable for Hanging Basket in Heated Greenhouse in temperate regions, Greenhouse Evergreen and Deciduous Ferns. First introduced mid-eighteenth century. |
A creeping species which forms colonies in semi-shady situations, usually among rocks. The normal fronds are tall with leathery pinnae but the plants also frequently produce small, juvenile fronds which have a simple, rounded to heart-shaped lamina. This is an easily grown species although plants may be slow to settle down after dsturbance. Needs acid, humus-rich soil and part or filtered sun. Often growing in or near rainforests in rocky crevices. But it may occasionally be seen in drier areas. |
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Fern West Head with sori, Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park, Australia. Sori 2 - 3 mm wide. Likely to be Pellaea spp. possibly paradoxa. Date: 29 June 2011. By Poyt448 Peter Woodard via Wikimedia Commons. Photographed at the Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney (Australia) in January. This photo by Raffi Kojian is from Gardenology.org and is available under CC-BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons |
See More photos with these book references on same webpage:-
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Pellaea rotundifolia (Platyloma rotundifolia) Semi-hardy, Zone 8; can tolerate temperatures as low as -7C (19F) for one week New Zealand Pellaea are small rock-loving ferns thriving best on limestone rocks. Sori at the ends of free veins forming a mostly continuous marginal band around the segments and covered by the more or less changed margin of the segments. The species are perhaps 40 or more, widely scattered in many countries. Some of them are glasshouse subjects and others are hardy. Zones 8 (with lots of protection) and 9. This fern is native to New Zealand, Australia and Norfolk Island where it is most frequently found growing on limestone cliffs, rocky crevices and moist open forested areas, but is occasionally found in drier woodland areas. North of Zone 9, it is primarily grown as a house plant in hanging baskets or in ornamental containers on tables.
Non-Toxic to Dogs, |
Fronds 6-12 (15-30) long, 1-2 (2.5-5) broad. Pinnate, very leathery. Rhizome is creeping. The pinnate fronds arch and cascade in horizontal layers of shiny green round "buttons" of pinnae. Pellaea comes from the Greek pellos, dusky, an apt description of foliage colour. The 50-70 species are primarily of rocky dryland sites in the Western Hemisphere.The fern's exposure is tempered by the shade of rocks that collect and funnel the minimal dessert moisture to a relatively cool ferny root run. They want bright airy exposures, but not quite full sun, and turn spindly in too much shade. Tuck their long-ranging roots in moist but well-drained crevices in rocky sites and give them a gritty top dressing. They are good candidates for container culture, but where they can be grown in customized soil and moved around when in need of attention. |
6-18 x 4-20 A small-medium fern with short-medium-creeping rhizomes and fronds in a loose cluster. Grows well under medium to high light in moist-dry, well-drained garden soil with coarse sand. The plants are easy to grow and thrive indoors in the United States. Do not water until the soil is nearly dry. It is a popular garden plant (in zones 8 and 9) and house plant, tolerating low temperatures but not freezing. It is an evergreen fern that can have more than 30 pairs of round, dark-green, leathery pinnae on fronds up to 18 in. (45 cm). It needs acidic and well-drained soil; it does not appreciate the moist, humid conditions that most ferns require so does well with minimal watering. |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in shallow pan in temperature 70-80F (21-27C) at any time; division of plants in February or April, "when the plants have rhizomatous roots. Plant in a soil composed of 2 parts peat to 1 each of loam and mortar rubbish. |
Suitable for House Fern.
Greenhouse Evergreen and Deciduous Ferns. First introduced mid-eighteenth century. Requires a moderately fertile, ericaceous, moist but well-drained soil in full sun with protection from hot midday sun, or partial shade. In frost prone areas protect the crown with a dry winter mulch. |
Good basket fern. Greenhouse fern. Evergreen. It is found in light scrub, dry forests and occasionally in moist rainforest habitats within New Zealand. A very popular fern both with enthusiasts and commercial growers, that is prized for its rosette of neat, dark green fronds with blunt to rounded segments. Excellent in a pot or among rocks in a shaded rock garden. Likes an acid, humus-rich soil and bright light. Popular in some countries as an indoor plant. This fern has a prostrate habit and its long fronds will arch downwards if potted into a hanging basket. It also looks effective cascading from a shelf. |
Pellaea aff. rotundifolia (G.Forst.) Hook by Cam Kilgour. This image has been released as "CCBY" by Auckland Museum. For details refer to the Commons project page, via Wikimedia Commons. Pellaea rotundifolia in Eastwoodhill Arboretum (New Zealand). Date: 26 November 2017. By Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz, via Wikimedia Commons.
Usage on sv.wikipedia.org - Pellaea rotundifolia , Phipps Conservatory. Date March 2009. By myself (User:Piotrus). Permission (Reusing this file)Own work, copyleft: Multi-license with GFDL and Creative Commons CC-BY-SA-2.5 and older versions (2.0 and 1. Via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Pellaea sagittata (Allosorus sagittatus, Pellaea sagittata var. sagittata, Platyloma sagittata, Texas, Central and South America Pellaea are small rock-loving ferns thriving best on limestone rocks. Sori at the ends of free veins forming a mostly continuous marginal band around the segments and covered by the more or less changed margin of the segments. The species are perhaps 40 or more, widely scattered in many countries. Some of them are glasshouse subjects and others are hardy. |
Fronds 15-75 cms (6-30 inches) tall, erect, straight or nearly so, stiff. Pellaea comes from the Greek pellos, dusky, an apt description of foliage colour. The 50-70 species are primarily of rocky dryland sites in the Western Hemisphere.The fern's exposure is tempered by the shade of rocks that collect and funnel the minimal dessert moisture to a relatively cool ferny root run. They want bright airy exposures, but not quite full sun, and turn spindly in too much shade. Tuck their long-ranging roots in moist but well-drained crevices in rocky sites and give them a gritty top dressing. They are good candidates for container culture, but where they can be grown in customized soil and moved around when in need of attention. |
8-32 x |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in shallow pan in temperature 70-80F (21-27C) at any time; division of plants in February or April, "when the plants have rhizomatous roots. Plant in a soil composed of 2 parts peat to 1 each of loam and mortar rubbish. |
Suitable for Fern found on Limestone or Basic Soil. Greenhouse Evergreen and Deciduous Ferns. First introduced mid-eighteenth century. |
An interesting fern with light green, leathery fronds which have segments shaped like arrowheads. Plants need neutral to alkaline soils of free drainage and warm, airy conditions. This is an edging plant species. |
Usage on species.wikimedia.org • Pellaea sagittata. Die Farrnkräuter in kolorirten Abbildungen naturgetreu Erläutert und Beschrieben, By Kunze, Gustav, 1793-1851 via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Pellaea ternifolia (Allosorus ternifolius, Trans-Pecos Cliffbrake North, Central and South America, Hawaii Tropical America Latin: terni, in three’s, and folius, leaved, = with three leaves, in reference to the pinnae which are deeply divided into three portions. Pellaea are small rock-loving ferns thriving best on limestone rocks. Sori at the ends of free veins forming a mostly continuous marginal band around the segments and covered by the more or less changed margin of the segments. The species are perhaps 40 or more, widely scattered in many countries. Some of them are glasshouse subjects and others are hardy. |
Leaves 6-12 inches (15-30) long on strong, dark chestnut stalks, narrow with 6-12 opposite pairs of pinnae; leaves closely rolled together. Pellaea comes from the Greek pellos, dusky, an apt description of foliage colour. The 50-70 species are primarily of rocky dryland sites in the Western Hemisphere.The fern's exposure is tempered by the shade of rocks that collect and funnel the minimal dessert moisture to a relatively cool ferny root run. They want bright airy exposures, but not quite full sun, and turn spindly in too much shade. Tuck their long-ranging roots in moist but well-drained crevices in rocky sites and give them a gritty top dressing. They are good candidates for container culture, but where they can be grown in customized soil and moved around when in need of attention. |
12-24 x |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in shallow pan in temperature 70-80F (21-27C) at any time; division of plants in February or April, "when the plants have rhizomatous roots. Plant in a soil composed of 2 parts peat to 1 each of loam and mortar rubbish. |
Suitable for Acid Soil on igneous rock in Rock Garden in its native habitat. Greenhouse Evergreen and Deciduous Ferns. First introduced mid-eighteenth century. |
An attractive species with tall, slender, leathery fronds each with a few narrow leaflets which are grey-green and leathery. New fronds are glaucous. Plants need bright light, warmth and acid to neutral, freely-draining soil. A small to medium fern with ascending, stout rhizomes and clustered fronds. Grows under high light in well-drained, moist-dry garden soil or potting mix. Cliffs, rocky slopes, ledges, on igneous substrates; Native habitat in Trans-Pecos. |
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Pellaea ternifolia (habit). Location: Maui, Near Puu o Pele Haleakala National Park. By Forest & Kim Starr via Wikimedia Commons • Pellaea ternifolia (Kalamoho) Habit at Waiale Gulch, Maui, Hawaii. July 05, 2011. By Forest and Kim Starr via Wikimedia Commons. See more photos. See Distribution Map. |
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Pellaea viridis (Pellaea adiantoides, Pteris adiantoides, Pellaea hastata, Cheilanthes viridis) Africa, Mauritius, Reunion. It is an invasive species in Australia. USDA Zones: 9a-10b, so needs heated greenhouse in temperate regions like the UK; instead of outside in the ground. Pellaea are small rock-loving ferns thriving best on limestone rocks. Sori at the ends of free veins forming a mostly continuous marginal band around the segments and covered by the more or less changed margin of the segments. The species are perhaps 40 or more, widely scattered in many countries. Some of them are glasshouse subjects and others are hardy. Semi-hardy. viridis: green, alluding to the green colour of the fronds. |
Fronds bipinnate and 18-24 inches (45-60 cms) long. It has shiny stems, triangular, light green bipinnate leaves, 12-20 inches (30-50) long, and long, oval leaflets. Sori in a narrow marginal line. Pellaea comes from the Greek pellos, dusky, an apt description of foliage colour. The 50-70 species are primarily of rocky dryland sites in the Western Hemisphere.The fern's exposure is tempered by the shade of rocks that collect and funnel the minimal dessert moisture to a relatively cool ferny root run. They want bright airy exposures, but not quite full sun, and turn spindly in too much shade. Tuck their long-ranging roots in moist but well-drained crevices in rocky sites and give them a gritty top dressing. They are good candidates for container culture, but where they can be grown in customized soil and moved around when in need of attention. |
24 x |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in shallow pan in temperature 70-80F (21-27C) at any time; division of plants in February or April, "when the plants have rhizomatous roots. Plant in a soil composed of 2 parts peat to 1 each of loam and mortar rubbish. |
Suitable for Hanging Basket in Heated Greenhouse and for Indoor Decoration in temperate region. In Rock Garden or Outdoor Container in Zones 9a-10b, in Basic or Limestone Soil and within rocks or margin of Woodland. Greenhouse Evergreen and Deciduous Ferns. First introduced mid-eighteenth century. |
Makes a good room plant. A delightful fern which forms a clump of bright green fronds. Plants look attractive in a pot or sheltered rock garden. They need soil of excellent drainage, warmth and strong light. Susceptible to slug damage. The addition of lime to the soil is frequently beneficial for this fern. Grows well in moist-dry garden soil or potting mix in America. Deer-resistant in North America. Habitat in undergrowth and margins of evergreen forest, among rocks in woodland between 820 - 1900 m, and is Widespread in South Africa and east tropical Africa, also in Madagascar, Yemen, India, Cape Verde and Mascarene islands. Evergreen desert fern. Easy to grow fern in hanging basket in North America. |
Pellaea viridis Ferndale Park. Sydney NSW, Australia. Date: 15 May 2017. By Poyt448, Peter Woodard, via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Pellaea hastata (Pellaea calomelanos, Cheilanthes hastata) Africa Zones 8b-10b in America. In crevices of sunny or slightly shaded rocks, or among boulders on slopes with scarce and open vegetation Altitude range: 700 - 1300 m. |
Bi- or tripinnate leathery fronds, 12-24 (30-60). "Pellaea comes from the Greek pellos, dusky, an apt description of foliage colour. The 50-70 species are primarily of rocky dryland sites in the Western Hemisphere.The fern's exposure is tempered by the shade of rocks that collect and funnel the minimal dessert moisture to a relatively cool ferny root run. They want bright airy exposures, but not quite full sun, and turn spindly in too much shade. Tuck their long-ranging roots in moist but well-drained crevices in rocky sites and give them a gritty top dressing. They are good candidates for container culture, but where they can be grown in customized soil and moved around when in need of attention." from The Plant Lover's Guide to Ferns by Richie Steffen and Sue Olsen. Published by Timber Press in 2015, Second printing 2017. ISBN 978-1-60469-474-1 |
8-18 x 8-18 |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in shallow pan in temperature 70-80F (21-27C) at any time; division of plants in February or April, "when the plants have rhizomatous roots. Plant in a soil composed of 2 parts peat to 1 each of loam and mortar rubbish. |
Suitable for In temperate region, it requires Greenhouse Evergreen and Deciduous Ferns. First introduced mid-eighteenth century. |
Makes a good room plant. An interesting fern of semi-arid areas usually found growing among rocks. The form in cultivation has pinnate fronds, however, bipinnate forms are known in the wild. Segments are at right angles to the rachis, dark green and deltoid to triangular. Plants need an acid, loamy soil, bright light and adequate air movement. Grow in Part Shade to full Shade with light or afternoon shade and well-drained moist soil. |
Pellaea calomelanos -
Braam Youngplants is one of the biggest fern growers with customers all over the world. On this site you will find a comprehensive survey of available tropical and hardy ferns., including Pellaea hastata. |
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Pellaea falcata (Platyloma falcata, Native habitat in India, New Zealand, Australia, Norfolk Island and New Caledonia Semi-hardy, Pellaea: dark fern; from the greek pellos; dark leaf and leaf stalk |
Spear-shaped fronds, 6-15 (15-37.5) long, 1-2 (2.5-5) broad. Almost hardy in the UK. It has a creeping rootstock, short, rather hairy stems, lanceolate, dark green pinnate leaves, 8-12 inch (20-30) long, with closely packed, sickle-shaped leaflets. Sori in broad lines. Spore bearing fronds may be found throughout the year. "Pellaea comes from the Greek pellos, dusky, an apt description of foliage colour. The 50-70 species are primarily of rocky dryland sites in the Western Hemisphere.The fern's exposure is tempered by the shade of rocks that collect and funnel the minimal dessert moisture to a relatively cool ferny root run. They want bright airy exposures, but not quite full sun, and turn spindly in too much shade. Tuck their long-ranging roots in moist but well-drained crevices in rocky sites and give them a gritty top dressing. They are good candidates for container culture, but where they can be grown in customized soil and moved around when in need of attention." from The Plant Lover's Guide to Ferns by Richie Steffen and Sue Olsen. Published by Timber Press in 2015, Second printing 2017. ISBN 978-1-60469-474-1 |
to 18 x |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in shallow pan in temperature 70-80F (21-27C) at any time; division of plants in February or April, "when the plants have rhizomatous roots. Plant in a soil composed of 2 parts peat to 1 each of loam and mortar rubbish. PROPAGATION TECHNIQUE |
Suitable for Cold Hardy. Coastal Districts and Outdoor Containers, as well as eucalyptus forest, rainforest (Woodland), Border and Foundation Fern and Rock Garden in native habitat. Outdoor Containers during Summer, which are brought into heated greenhouse in winter elsewhere.
Greenhouse Evergreen and Deciduous Ferns. First introduced mid-eighteenth century.
Herbarium evidence shows this species was once common on the volcanic cones of Auckland City, but due to targetted collection, the species has all but vanished from this area within the last forty years. |
An interesting fern which grows in spreading colonies. Can be cultivated in shady or part shade situations in well-drained, loamy soil. Plants like plenty of water and can also be grown in pots. A small-medium fern with dark green fronds in loose clusters from short- to medium-creeping rhizomes. Grows well under medium to high light in drained, moist-dry garden or potting mix. This species can withstand temperatures down to -7C (19F) for one week, if dry - Keep compost on the dry side but don't allow to dry out for too long. It is a widespread and common plant, growing in eastern Australia. Often seen in on the coast and ranges in eucalyptus forest and rainforest. Occurring in Tasmania, Victoria, New South Wales and Queensland. Also occurring on Lord Howe Island. It prefers ample water when grown indoors,and can take very bright light but not full sun. Fronds usually 37 to 105 cm long. Fronds with between 27 and 65 leaflets, sometimes more. These pinnae (fern leaflets) have a short stalk or no stalk, oblong to narrow-oblong in shape. 22 to 56 mm long, 5 to 12 mm wide. HABITAT |
Pellaea falcata - Botanical specimen in the Balboa Park Botanical Building, Balboa Park, San Diego, California, USA. Date: 24 February 2013. By Daderot via Wikimedia Commons. Note the curled edge under the top of the leaf is shown just above the centre of this photo and is the normal shape of each leaf. |
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Pellaea cordifolia (Pellaea cordata, Pellaea sagittata var. cordata) Texas, Mexico Latin: cordis, heart, and folius, leaved, = heart leaf |
It has short, rounded to heart-shaped, light green segments. "Pellaea comes from the Greek pellos, dusky, an apt description of foliage colour. The 50-70 species are primarily of rocky dryland sites in the Western Hemisphere.The fern's exposure is tempered by the shade of rocks that collect and funnel the minimal dessert moisture to a relatively cool ferny root run. They want bright airy exposures, but not quite full sun, and turn spindly in too much shade. Tuck their long-ranging roots in moist but well-drained crevices in rocky sites and give them a gritty top dressing. They are good candidates for container culture, but where they can be grown in customized soil and moved around when in need of attention." from The Plant Lover's Guide to Ferns by Richie Steffen and Sue Olsen. Published by Timber Press in 2015, Second printing 2017. ISBN 978-1-60469-474-1 |
8-32 x |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in shallow pan in temperature 70-80F (21-27C) at any time; division of plants in February or April, "when the plants have rhizomatous roots. Plant in a soil composed of 2 parts peat to 1 each of loam and mortar rubbish. |
Suitable for Colour in Fern Fronds. In cooler temperate regions like the UK, grow in Greenhouse Evergreen and Deciduous Ferns. First introduced mid-eighteenth century. Sporulating in July-November. |
It is a delicate-looking fern. It needs neutral to alkaline soils of free drainage and warm, airy conditions. A medium-sized fern with short-creeping rhizomes and lax, bluish gray-green fronds. Grows well under high light in drained, moist-dry garden soil with coarse sand. The longer fronds tend to become tangled and will need support if grown upright. Habitat in Canyons, cliffs, mountain slopes; Chinati Mts., Presidio Co. in America Silvery Moon is a beautiful new Pellaea fern with a magnificent silvery sheen, grown in Australia. This stunning fern is suited to indoors, patios and garden beds. It needs to be kept moist in a well drained shady position and is an attractive, low maintenance, hardy plant. Avoid direct sunlight and fertilise regularly. |
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See photos.
BOOM is a unique concept in garden and indoor plants. |
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Pellaea atropurpurea (Pellaea atropurpurea var. cristata, This is sufficiently hardy to grow outside in UK in sheltered rockeries if protected with litter or hand-light in winter. North America Zones 4-9 Very Hardy in Zone 4 Brake is an old word for fern, related to the word bracken. |
Rhizome is short-creeping. The pinnate fronds are borne on dark purple-black stipes. "Pellaea comes from the Greek pellos, dusky, an apt description of foliage colour. The 50-70 species are primarily of rocky dryland sites in the Western Hemisphere.The fern's exposure is tempered by the shade of rocks that collect and funnel the minimal dessert moisture to a relatively cool ferny root run. They want bright airy exposures, but not quite full sun, and turn spindly in too much shade. Tuck their long-ranging roots in moist but well-drained crevices in rocky sites and give them a gritty top dressing. They are good candidates for container culture, but where they can be grown in customized soil and moved around when in need of attention." from The Plant Lover's Guide to Ferns by Richie Steffen and Sue Olsen. Published by Timber Press in 2015, Second printing 2017. ISBN 978-1-60469-474-1 |
8-18 x 12-24 The triangular leaves 10-12 inches (25-30 cms) long, are parted many times at the base, and widespread, lanceolate leaflets which turn from green to a bluish-green. This fern produces clumps of widely arching fronds. They produce sori, which lack a true indusium, within the inrolled margins of the pinnae. It grows in the crevices of dry limestone cliffs, rocky slopes, crevices in alvars, and mortared walls. Drought tolerant species that grows in rocky, limestone areas where there is little soil. It is evergreen and grows in an asymmetric clump. It grows in full sun and is native to all but 8 states of the continental United States. |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in shallow pan in temperature 70-80F (21-27C) at any time; division of plants in February or April, "when the plants have rhizomatous roots. Plant in a soil composed of 2 parts peat to 1 each of loam and mortar rubbish. Spores produced June - September. |
Suitable for Cold-Hardy. Greenhouse Evergreen and Deciduous Ferns. First introduced mid-eighteenth century.
This species can tolerate annual winter temperatures of -28 to -35C (-23 to -31F). In the wild this species grows on calcareous rocks such as dolomite and limestone. It resembles Pellaea glabella, with which it often grows, but can easily be distinguished by the hairy stipe and stalked pinnae and pinnules. |
It is at home in limestone cliffs across central and midwestern North America, into Mexico and Central America. Evergreen Grow in a shady, well-drained spot in the UK, in lime-rich soil. It is only evergreen when the winters are mild. Protect against heavy rain. Indoors the fern thrives in broad, shallow dishes or hanging baskets because of its shallow roots, even in fairly dark spots. It requires light, well-drained soil, rich in humus, e.g, equal parts of sand or vermiculite, leaf-mould or peat, and some lime. Keep relatively moist and do not allow the plant to dry out. Do not water the leaves directly - especially in winter - to prevent infections, and spray occasionally. Temperature 14-20C, in winter 12-15C. During the growing season, feed once every 2 or 3 weeks. Propagate by dividing in spring. |
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Pellaea atropurpurea (purple cliffbrake) foliage. Date: 20 July 2016. This image is Image Number 5550677 at Insect Images, a source for entomological images operated by The Bugwood Network at the University of Georgia and the USDA Forest Service. By Rob Routledge, Sault College, Bugwood.org via Wikimedia Commons. Frond forms of Pellaea atropurpurea. Date: July 2009. By Jaknouse via Wikimedia Commons.
Distribution Map in USA. |
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Pellaea andromedifolia (Pellaea andromedifolia var. pubescens, Pellaea andromedifolia var. rubens) Native to United States (California and Oregon) and Mexico (Baja California). Semi-hardy, Zone (7), 8; reportedly can endure temperatures as low as -13C (9F) The common name alludes to the mature leaflets, which bear a resemblance to coffee beans. |
The main rachis of the fronds of this fern is often zig-zagged. The segments are blunt, oblong in shape and dark green. Plants need an open, well-drained mixture of neutral to acid reaction, good light and air movement. Leaves are 6-12 inches (15-30) long, 3-6 (7.5-15) wide. Each segment may curl under along its edges. The leaves are green when new, then turn red, purplish, or brown. Fronds are pale to bluish green but age to purplish or coffee brown. "Pellaea comes from the Greek pellos, dusky, an apt description of foliage colour. The 50-70 species are primarily of rocky dryland sites in the Western Hemisphere.The fern's exposure is tempered by the shade of rocks that collect and funnel the minimal dessert moisture to a relatively cool ferny root run. They want bright airy exposures, but not quite full sun, and turn spindly in too much shade. Tuck their long-ranging roots in moist but well-drained crevices in rocky sites and give them a gritty top dressing. They are good candidates for container culture, but where they can be grown in customized soil and moved around when in need of attention." from The Plant Lover's Guide to Ferns by Richie Steffen and Sue Olsen. Published by Timber Press in 2015, Second printing 2017. ISBN 978-1-60469-474-1 |
6-18 x 6-12 |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in shallow pan in temperature 70-80F (21-27C) at any time; division of plants in February or April, "when the plants have rhizomatous roots. Plant in a soil composed of 2 parts peat to 1 each of loam and mortar rubbish. |
Suitable in UK and warm temperate regions for Acid Soil.
Greenhouse Evergreen and Deciduous Ferns. First introduced mid-eighteenth century. Difficult to establish and needs summer water the first year. After that they increase in size and vigor and are drought tolerant. |
A small to medium fern with slender, creeping rhizomes and loosely clustered fronds. Grows under high light in well-drained, moist-dry garden soil with coarse sand. Pellaea andromedifolia is found on dry Western facing sunny banks, in coastal, Mojave Desert, and California chaparral and woodlands habitats. It is able to take long periods without water, when it will shrivel and appear dead. Then shortly after rainfall new growth appears quickly from the ground. It is not crown forming, but spreading slowly and forming clumps. Generally rocky or dry areas; Elevation: 30--1800 m. See Botanical Illustration on same page. Communities for Pellaea andromedifolia: Chaparral, Mixed-evergreen Forest and Central Oak Woodland. |
Photo of Pellaea andromedifolia at the Regional Parks Botanic Garden, Berkeley, California. Date: April 2007. By Stan Shebs via Wikimedia Commons.
Pellaea andromedifolia (Coffee Fern) - El Portal, Mariposa County, California. Date: 14 June 2012. By Sandy Rae via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Paraceterach reynoldsii (Notholaena (as Nothochlaena) reynoldsii); Grammitis reynoldsii ; Gymnogramma (as Gymnogramme) reynoldsii , Gymnogramma reynoldsii, Gymnogramme reynoldsii, Nothochlaena reynoldsii, Notholaena reynoldsii) Mouse-ear Fern Australia |
Rhizome prostrate, long-creeping, scaly, the scales linear-subulate, margins pale-brown, centre black, thickened; fronds scattered, linear, to 30 cm long; stipe and rhachis a dark blackish brown, scaly, sometimes becoming glabrescent; pinnae orbicular or oblong, densely scaly especially on the undersurface; sori forming a broad submarginal continuous band, exindusiate, sporangia obscured by scales. |
4-8 x |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: See on right. Use 1 part loam to 1 part scoria for propagating mix. |
Suitable for Open Terrarium or Use well-drained acidic mix - including scoria, which is poor nutritionally to provide best chance of success. Plant must not be overpotted and will grow in a small pot for a number of seasons. Keep fern on the dry side and in temperate regions it should be kept as dry as possible over winter. Surface application of well-rotted animal manure is ideal in the spring. In tropical and subtropical regions a lightly shaded but dry situation is suitable. |
This is a neat, Resurrection Fern which forms spreading colonies in the protection of acidic rocks. Fresh fronds are bright green with conspicuous brown scales on the upper surface. Plants grow fairly easily in a loamy, acid soil, in a situation exposed to some sun and with plenty of air movement. Also can be grown in a pot. Amongst rocks in gully in Western Australia |
Propagation: For those without propagation by spores instructions; the following is suitable: "Keep a close eye upon the fronds, and when the spore cases begin to turn brown remove a frond or portions of it, and wrap them up in white paper, putting them in a closed box for a few days, when an abundance of spores for sowing will be available. Fill some pots with good loam, to within an inch (2.5 cms) of the top, using to drainage, and surface this with some finely broken and dusty crocks or bricks. Give a thorough watering, and when this has soaked away sow the spores as thinly as possible. Stand each pot in a saucer of water, cover it in a case or under a bell-glass where light is available, but where there is no direct sunshine. When the pots get covered with small green scales (prothallica), transplant some of the small tufts with a pointed peg into other pots filled with compost and surfaced with sandy soil. Saucers of water beneath the pots should be used to supply moisture." from Black's Gardening Dictionary. Edited by E.T. Ellis. Published by A & C. Black Ltd in 1928. |
See photo. Seeds of South Australia - This database contains 143 families, 837 genera and 3,103 native species with 29,294 images (also with 400 introduced species). |
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If you grow and sell ferns in any country, please tell me so that I can put them on this website and inform others where they can be bought online via mail-order. If you would provide photos and fern details to be only used by me on this website, they would be gratefully received, since I could assume that the photo was a valid one in regard to its name of fern in its filename to that fern in the photo. |
Site design and content copyright ©January 2009. DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site. |
Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran. Revised and Expanded Edition. Published in 2001 by Timber Press, Inc. Reprinted 2002, 2006. ISBN-13:978-0-88192-495-4. |
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USE OF FERN WITH PHOTOS
using information from Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran and
The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1
Outdoor Use in
Northeastern United States Zones 3-6
Southeastern United States Zones 6-8
Southern Florida and Hawaii Zones 10-11
Central United States Zones 3-6
Northwestern United States Zones 5-8 with some Zone 9
Southwestern United States Zones 6-9
Coastal Central and Southern California Zones 9-10
Accent
Aquatic 1, 2
Basket 1,
Ferns for Hanging Baskets 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Ferns for Hanging Baskets with Pendulous Fronds or weeping Growth Habit 7, 8
Bog or Wet-Soil 1,
Ferns for Wet Soils 2, 3
Border and Foundation 1, 2
Grow in Coastal Region
Cold-hardy Ferns 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Colour in Fern Fronds 1, 2, 3, 4
Conservatory (Stove House) or Heated Greenhouse 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Drier Soil 1, 2, 3, 4
Grows on Rock (epilithic) 1, 2
Borne on Leaf (epiphyllous) 1, 2
Grows on another Plant (epiphyte) 1, 2
Evergreen and Deciduous
Fronds in Floral Decorations
Ferns for Acid Soil 1,
Lime-hating (Calcifluges) 2, 3, 4, 5
Ferns for Basic or Limestone Soil 1,
Ferns Found on Limestone or Basic Soils (Calciphiles) 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
Ferns for Ground Cover 1,
Ground Cover Ferns 2, 3, 4, 5
Ferns of the Atlantic Fringe with associated plants (1 - Atlantic Cliff-top Grassland, Ledges and Rough Slopes; 2 - Clay Coasts and Dunes of South-East Ireland; 3 - Limestones of Western Atlantic Coasts; 4 - Hebridean Machair; 5 - Horsetail Flushes, Ditches and Stream Margins; 6 - Water Margin Osmunda Habitats; 7 - Western, Low-lying, Wet, Acid Woodlands; 8 - Western, Oak and Oak-Birch Woodlands and Ravines, in the UK and Ireland)
Ferns in Coastal District with associated plants (Hard Rock Cliffs, Soft Rock Cliffs, Clay Coasts, or Coastal Sand-Dunes in the UK)
Ferns of Grasslands and Rock Outcrops (Grasslands; Rocks, Quarries and Mines in the UK)
Ferns of Heath and Moorland with associated plants (1 - Bracken Heath; 2 - Ferns of Moist Heathland Slopes and Margins of Rills and Streams; 3 - Heathland Horsetails, 4 - Heathland Clubmosses, in the UK)
Ferns of Lower Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - Upland Slopes and Screes; 2 - Base-rich, Upland Springs and Flushes; 3 - Base-rich, Upland, Streamside Sands and Gravels; 4 - Juniper Shrub Woodland, in the UK)
Ferns for Man-Made Landscapes with associated plants (South-western Hedgebanks, Hedgerows and Ditches, Walls and Stonework, Water Mills and Wells, Lime Kilns and abandoned Lime-Workings, Pit heaps and Shale Bings, Canals, Railways and Their Environs in the UK)
Ferns of Upper Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - High Mountain, Basic Cliffs and Ledges; 2 - High, Cliff Gullies; 3 - High Mountain Corries, Snow Patches and Fern beds; 4 - Ridges, Plateaux and High Summits, in the UK)
Ferns for Wetlands with associated plants (1- Ponds, Flooded Mineral Workings and Wet Heathland Hollows; 2 - Lakes and Reservoirs; 3 - Fens; 4 - Ferns of the Norfolk Broads' Fens; 5 - Willow Epiphytes in the UK)
Ferns in Woodland with associated plants (1 - Dry, Lowland, Deciduous Woodland; 2 - Inland, Limestone, Valley Woodland; 3 - Base-rich Clay, Valley Woodland; 4 - Basic, Spring-fed Woodland; 5 - Ravine Woodland on Mixed Rock-types; 6 - Native Pine Forest in the UK)
Ferns in Hedges or Hedgebanks
Outdoor Containers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Rapidly Growing Fern 1, 2
Resurrection Fern
Rock Garden and Wall Ferns 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Shade Tolerant 1, 2, 3, 4
Slowly Growing Fern
Sun Tolerant 1, 2, 3, 4
House Fern in Trough Garden 1,
Fern Suitable for
Indoor Decoration 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
House Fern in Terrarium, Wardian Case or
Bottle Garden 1,
Ferns suitable for Terrariums, Wardian Cases 2, 3, 4,
5, 6
Grow in Woodlands 1, 2, 3, 4
TYPE OF FERN TO GROW WITH PHOTOS
using information from
Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran and
The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1
Aquatic Ferns (Azolla, Ceratopteris, Marsilea, Pilularia, Regnellidium, Salvinia)
Boston ferns (Nephrolepis exaltata), Fishbone ferns (Nephrolepis cordifolia), Lace ferns and Sword ferns
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix) 1,
2, 3
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon) 1, 2
Fern Allies (Psilotums or Whisk Ferns, Lycopodiums or Ground Pines, Selaginellas or Spike Mosses, and Equisetums, Horsetails or Scouring Rushes) 1, 2
Filmy and Crepe Ferns (Hymenophyllum, Trichomanes, Leptopteris) 1, 2
Lacy Ground Ferns (Culcita, Dennstaedtia, Histiopteris, Hypolepis, Leptolepia, Microlepia, Paesia, Pteridium) 1, 2
Lady Ferns and Their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris) 1, 2
Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) 1, 2
Miscellaneous Ferns (Acrostichum, Actiniopteris, Anemia, Anogramma, Anopteris, Blotiella, Bolbitis, Christella, Coniogramma, Cryptogramma, Ctenitis, Cyclosorus, Didymochlaena, Dipteris, Elaphoglossum, Equisetum, Gymnocarpium, Llavea, Lonchitis, Lygodium, Macrothelypteris, Oeontrichia, Oleandra, Onoclea, Onychium, Oreopteris, Parathelypteris, Phegopteris, Photinopteris, Pityrogramma, Pneumatopteris, Psilotum, Stenochlaena, Thelypteris, Vittaria)
1, 2, 3, 4 including Fern Allies of Equisetum and Psilotum or Whisk Ferns
Polypodium Ferns and Relatives (Anarthropteris, Belvisia, Campyloneurum, Colysis, Crypsinus, Dictymia, Gonphlebium, Lecanopteris, Lemmaphyllum, Lexogramme, Microgramma, Microsorum, Niphidium, Phlebodium, Phymatosurus, Pleopeltis, Polypodium, Pyrrosia, Selliguea) 1, 2, 3
Primitive Ferns and Fern Oddities (Angiopteris, Botrychium, Christensenia, Danaea, Helminthostachys, Marattia, Ophioglossum, Osmunda and Todea)
Scrambling, Umbrella, Coral and Pouch Ferns (Dicranopteris, Diploptergium, Gleichenia, Sticherus)
Shield, Buckler, Holly Ferns and their Relatives (Arachniodes, Cyrtomium, Dryopteris, Lastreopsis, Matteuccia, Polystichum, Rumohra, Tectaria and Woodsia) 1, 2, 3, 4
Spleenworts Ferns (Asplenium) 1, 2, 3
Staghorns, Elkhorns and other large epiphytes (Aglaomorpha, Drynaria, Merinthosorus, Platycerium, Pseudodrynaria) 1, 2
Fern Allies - Tassel Ferns and Clubmosses (Lycopodium)
The Brakes (Pteris) 1, 2
Tree Ferns (Cibotium, Cnemidaria, Cyathea, Dicksonia, Nephelea and Trichipteris) 1, 2
Water, Hard, Rasp and Chain Ferns (Blechnum, Doodia, Woodwardia, Sadleria) 1, 2
Xerophytic Ferns (Actinopteris, Astrolepis, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Notholaena, Pellaea, Pityrogramma) 1, 2
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STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY
Cultivation Requirements of Plant |
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Outdoor / Garden Cultivation |
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Indoor / House Cultivation |
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Cool Greenhouse (and Alpine House) Cultivation with artificial heating in the Winter |
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Conservatory Cultivation with heating throughout the year |
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Stovehouse Cultivation with heating throughout the year for Tropical Plants |
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Sun Aspect |
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Soil Type |
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Soil Moisture |
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Position for Plant |
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Ground Cover 0-24 inches (0-60 cms) |
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Ground Cover 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) |
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Ground Cover Over 72 inches (180 cms) |
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1, 2, |
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Use of Plant |
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STAGE 4D Plant Foliage |
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Flower Shape |
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Number of Flower Petals |
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Flower Shape - Simple |
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Flower Shape - Elaborated |
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Natural Arrangements |
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STAGE 4D |
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Form |
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STAGE 1
Fragrant Plants adds the use of another of your 5 senses in your garden:- |
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STAGE 2 Fan-trained Shape From Rhododendrons, boxwood, azaleas, clematis, novelties, bay trees, hardy plants, evergreens : novelties bulbs, cannas novelties, palms, araucarias, ferns, vines, orchids, flowering shrubs, ornamental grasses and trees book, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Ramblers Scramblers & Twiners by Michael Jefferson-Brown (ISBN 0 - 7153 - 0942 - 0) describes how to choose, plant and nurture over 500 high-performance climbing plants and wall shrubs, so that more can be made of your garden if you think not just laterally on the ground but use the vertical support structures including the house as well. The Gardener's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Climbers & Wall Shrubs - A Guide to more than 2000 varieties including Roses, Clematis and Fruit Trees by Brian Davis. (ISBN 0-670-82929-3) provides the lists for 'Choosing the right Shrub or Climber' together with Average Height and Spread after 5 years, 10 years and 20 years. |
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STAGE 2
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STAGE 4D Trees and Shrubs suitable for Clay Soils (neutral to slightly acid) Trees and Shrubs suitable for Dry Acid Soils Trees and Shrubs suitable for Shallow Soil over Chalk Trees and Shrubs tolerant of both extreme Acidity and Alkalinity Trees and Shrubs suitable for Damp Sites Trees and Shrubs suitable for Industrial Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Cold Exposed Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Seaside Areas Shrubs suitable for Heavy Shade Shrubs and Climbers suitable for NORTH- and EAST-facing Walls Shrubs suitable for Ground Cover Trees and Shrubs of Upright or Fastigiate Habit Trees and Shrubs with Ornamental Bark or Twigs Trees and Shrubs with Bold Foliage Trees and Shrubs for Autumn Colour Trees and Shrubs with Red or Purple Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Golden or Yellow Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Grey or Silver Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Variegated Foliage Trees and Shrubs bearing Ornamental Fruit Trees and Shrubs with Fragrant or Scented Flowers Trees and Shrubs with Aromatic Foliage Flowering Trees and Shrubs for Every Month:- |
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Use of Fern
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Use of Fern
See
If you grow and sell ferns, please tell me so that I can put them on this website and inform others where they can be bought online via mail-order. The remarkable sex life of ferns:-
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Companion Plants
A question Shady Plants get asked many times is what flowering plants are suited for growing with ferns. There are a few choice plants, with elegant flowers with subtle shades that compliment ferns and grow well in shade. Here is a collection of plants that, in my opinion, go very well with ferns:-
and
Ferns of the Atlantic Fringe with associated plants (1 - Atlantic Cliff-top Grassland, Ledges and Rough Slopes; 2 - Clay Coasts and Dunes of South-East Ireland; 3 - Limestones of Western Atlantic Coasts; 4 - Hebridean Machair; 5 - Horsetail Flushes, Ditches and Stream Margins; 6 - Water Margin Osmunda Habitats; 7 - Western, Low-lying, Wet, Acid Woodlands; 8 - Western, Oak and Oak-Birch Woodlands and Ravines, in the UK and Ireland)
Ferns in Coastal District with associated plants (Hard Rock Cliffs, Soft Rock Cliffs, Clay Coasts, or Coastal Sand-Dunes in the UK)
Ferns of Grasslands and Rock Outcrops (Grasslands; Rocks, Quarries and Mines in the UK)
Ferns of Heath and Moorland with associated plants (1 - Bracken Heath; 2 - Ferns of Moist Heathland Slopes and Margins of Rills and Streams; 3 - Heathland Horsetails, 4 - Heathland Clubmosses, in the UK)
Ferns of Lower Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - Upland Slopes and Screes; 2 - Base-rich, Upland Springs and Flushes; 3 - Base-rich, Upland, Streamside Sands and Gravels; 4 - Juniper Shrub Woodland, in the UK)
Ferns for Man-Made Landscapes with associated plants (South-western Hedgebanks, Hedgerows and Ditches, Walls and Stonework, Water Mills and Wells, Lime Kilns and abandoned Lime-Workings, Pit heaps and Shale Bings, Canals, Railways and Their Environs in the UK)
Ferns of Upper Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - High Mountain, Basic Cliffs and Ledges; 2 - High, Cliff Gullies; 3 - High Mountain Corries, Snow Patches and Fern beds; 4 - Ridges, Plateaux and High Summits, in the UK)
Ferns for Wetlands with associated plants (1- Ponds, Flooded Mineral Workings and Wet Heathland Hollows; 2 - Lakes and Reservoirs; 3 - Fens; 4 - Ferns of the Norfolk Broads' Fens; 5 - Willow Epiphytes in the UK)
Ferns in Woodland with associated plants (1 - Dry, Lowland, Deciduous Woodland; 2 - Inland, Limestone, Valley Woodland; 3 - Base-rich Clay, Valley Woodland; 4 - Basic, Spring-fed Woodland; 5 - Ravine Woodland on Mixed Rock-types; 6 - Native Pine Forest in the UK)