FERN PLANTS GALLERY PAGES Fern Culture with British Ferns and their Allies comprising the Ferns, Club-mosses, Pepperworts and Horsetails by Thomas Moore, F.L.S, F.H.S., Etc. London George Routledge and Sons, Broadway, Ludgate Hill. Hardcover published in 1861 provides details on British Ferns |
TYPE OF FERN TO GROW
Where to see UNITED STATES WALES |
USE OF FERN
Where to see AUSTRALIA CANADA ENGLAND FRANCE GERMANY IRELAND NETHERLANDS
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SPORE COLOUR BED PICTURES Where to see NEW ZEALAND SCOTLAND UNITED STATES |
A Natural History of Britain's Ferns by Christopher N. Page. Published by William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd in 1988. ISBN 0 00 219382 5 (limpback edition) provides details of Coastal, Man-made Landscapes, Woodland, Wetland, Grassland and Rock Outcrops, Heath and Moorland, Lower Mountain Habitats, Upper Mountain Habitats and Atlantic Fringe Ferns. Tree Ferns by Mark F. Large & John E. Braggins. Published by Timber Press in 2004. ISBN 978-1-60469-176-4 is a scientifically accurate book dealing with Tree Fern species cultivated in the United States and the Pacific, but little known and rare tree ferns are also included. The Observer's Book of Ferns, revised by Francis Rose, previous editions compiled by W.J.Stokoe. Published by Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd in 1965 provides a comprehensive guide to 45 British species of Ferns. It provides details of habitat and how to use those ferns. The Plant Lover's Guide to Ferns by Richard Steffen & Sue Olsen. Published in 2015 by Timber Press, Inc. ISBN 978-1-60469- Success with Indoor Ferns, edited by Lesley Young. Reprinted 1998. ISBN 1 85391 554 8. It details the care of indoor ferns with their position, choice and fern care. |
Where to see UNITED STATES |
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USE OF FERN as Indoor Ferns in the UK from Ferns for Home and Garden Flowers & Plants. Published by Magna Books in 1995. ISBN 1 85422 888 9. Design and text of plan, planting plan, flowering and colour scheme: Bureau Willemien Dijkshoorn BNT, Amsterdam:-
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Fern/ Region/ Light Tolerance/ Comments |
Foliage Colour and |
Height x Spread in inches (cms) |
Type of Fern to Grow |
Use of Fern |
Comments |
Frond |
Credit |
Form |
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Pellaea falcata (Platyloma falcata, Native habitat in India, New Zealand, Australia, Norfolk Island and New Caledonia Semi-hardy, Pellaea: dark fern; from the greek pellos; dark leaf and leaf stalk |
Spear-shaped fronds, 6-15 (15-37.5) long, 1-2 (2.5-5) broad. Almost hardy in the UK. It has a creeping rootstock, short, rather hairy stems, lanceolate, dark green pinnate leaves, 8-12 inch (20-30) long, with closely packed, sickle-shaped leaflets. Sori in broad lines. Spore bearing fronds may be found throughout the year. "Pellaea comes from the Greek pellos, dusky, an apt description of foliage colour. The 50-70 species are primarily of rocky dryland sites in the Western Hemisphere.The fern's exposure is tempered by the shade of rocks that collect and funnel the minimal dessert moisture to a relatively cool ferny root run. They want bright airy exposures, but not quite full sun, and turn spindly in too much shade. Tuck their long-ranging roots in moist but well-drained crevices in rocky sites and give them a gritty top dressing. They are good candidates for container culture, but where they can be grown in customized soil and moved around when in need of attention." from The Plant Lover's Guide to Ferns by Richie Steffen and Sue Olsen. Published by Timber Press in 2015, Second printing 2017. ISBN 978-1-60469-474-1 |
to 18 x |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in shallow pan in temperature 70-80F (21-27C) at any time; division of plants in February or April, "when the plants have rhizomatous roots. Plant in a soil composed of 2 parts peat to 1 each of loam and mortar rubbish. PROPAGATION TECHNIQUE |
Suitable for Cold Hardy. Coastal Districts and Outdoor Containers, as well as eucalyptus forest, rainforest (Woodland), Border and Foundation Fern and Rock Garden in native habitat. Outdoor Containers during Summer, which are brought into heated greenhouse in winter elsewhere.
Greenhouse Evergreen and Deciduous Ferns. First introduced mid-eighteenth century.
Herbarium evidence shows this species was once common on the volcanic cones of Auckland City, but due to targetted collection, the species has all but vanished from this area within the last forty years. |
An interesting fern which grows in spreading colonies. Can be cultivated in shady or part shade situations in well-drained, loamy soil. Plants like plenty of water and can also be grown in pots. A small-medium fern with dark green fronds in loose clusters from short- to medium-creeping rhizomes. Grows well under medium to high light in drained, moist-dry garden or potting mix. This species can withstand temperatures down to -7C (19F) for one week, if dry - Keep compost on the dry side but don't allow to dry out for too long. It is a widespread and common plant, growing in eastern Australia. Often seen in on the coast and ranges in eucalyptus forest and rainforest. Occurring in Tasmania, Victoria, New South Wales and Queensland. Also occurring on Lord Howe Island. It prefers ample water when grown indoors,and can take very bright light but not full sun. Fronds usually 37 to 105 cm long. Fronds with between 27 and 65 leaflets, sometimes more. These pinnae (fern leaflets) have a short stalk or no stalk, oblong to narrow-oblong in shape. 22 to 56 mm long, 5 to 12 mm wide. HABITAT |
Pellaea falcata - Botanical specimen in the Balboa Park Botanical Building, Balboa Park, San Diego, California, USA. Date: 24 February 2013. By Daderot via Wikimedia Commons. Note the curled edge under the top of the leaf is shown just above the centre of this photo and is the normal shape of each leaf. |
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Pellaea falcata Temperate - Subtropical Bright very rewarding |
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Pellaea viridis (Pellaea adiantoides, Pteris adiantoides, Pellaea hastata, Cheilanthes viridis) Africa, Mauritius, Reunion. It is an invasive species in Australia. USDA Zones: 9a-10b, so needs heated greenhouse in temperate regions like the UK; instead of outside in the ground. Pellaea are small rock-loving ferns thriving best on limestone rocks. Sori at the ends of free veins forming a mostly continuous marginal band around the segments and covered by the more or less changed margin of the segments. The species are perhaps 40 or more, widely scattered in many countries. Some of them are glasshouse subjects and others are hardy. Semi-hardy. viridis: green, alluding to the green colour of the fronds. |
Fronds bipinnate and 18-24 inches (45-60 cms) long. It has shiny stems, triangular, light green bipinnate leaves, 12-20 inches (30-50) long, and long, oval leaflets. Sori in a narrow marginal line. Pellaea comes from the Greek pellos, dusky, an apt description of foliage colour. The 50-70 species are primarily of rocky dryland sites in the Western Hemisphere.The fern's exposure is tempered by the shade of rocks that collect and funnel the minimal dessert moisture to a relatively cool ferny root run. They want bright airy exposures, but not quite full sun, and turn spindly in too much shade. Tuck their long-ranging roots in moist but well-drained crevices in rocky sites and give them a gritty top dressing. They are good candidates for container culture, but where they can be grown in customized soil and moved around when in need of attention. |
24 x |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in shallow pan in temperature 70-80F (21-27C) at any time; division of plants in February or April, "when the plants have rhizomatous roots. Plant in a soil composed of 2 parts peat to 1 each of loam and mortar rubbish. |
Suitable for Hanging Basket in Heated Greenhouse and for Indoor Decoration in temperate region. In Rock Garden or Outdoor Container in Zones 9a-10b, in Basic or Limestone Soil and within rocks or margin of Woodland. Greenhouse Evergreen and Deciduous Ferns. First introduced mid-eighteenth century. |
Makes a good room plant. A delightful fern which forms a clump of bright green fronds. Plants look attractive in a pot or sheltered rock garden. They need soil of excellent drainage, warmth and strong light. Susceptible to slug damage. The addition of lime to the soil is frequently beneficial for this fern. Grows well in moist-dry garden soil or potting mix in America. Deer-resistant in North America. Habitat in undergrowth and margins of evergreen forest, among rocks in woodland between 820 - 1900 m, and is Widespread in South Africa and east tropical Africa, also in Madagascar, Yemen, India, Cape Verde and Mascarene islands. Evergreen desert fern. Easy to grow fern in hanging basket in North America. |
Pellaea viridis Ferndale Park. Sydney NSW, Australia. Date: 15 May 2017. By Poyt448, Peter Woodard, via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Phlebodium aureum and cultivars Tropical - Temperate Bright hardy |
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Phymatosorus parksii Tropical - Temperate Dull-Bright hardy |
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Polypodium australe and cultivars Temperate - Subtropical Bright hardy |
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Polypodium australe formosanum Temperate - Subtropical Bright popular |
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Polypodium australe vulgare and cultivars Temperate - Subtropical Bright hardy |
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Polystichum lentum (Aspidium lentum, Aspidium auriculatum var. lentum, Polystichum auriculatum var. lentum) Himalayan Holly Fern Semi-hardy in Zone 7 Native to Tibet, China and Burma This is the most inclusive list of possible species in the genus Polystichum; there are currently 343 names on the list, all of which have been recognized in at least one floristic or systematic work. |
It forms an attractive sprawling rosette of slender, dark green fronds which are proliferous on the tip.
Temperate - Subtropical Bright spreading habit |
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Shield Ferns, Buckler Ferns, Holly Ferns and their Relatives Propagation: Greenhouse species by spores sown in sandy peat any time; division in March. |
Ferns suitable for Hanging Basket. Greenhouse Polystichum fern. Heights vary from 12-36 inches (30-90cms). |
It is common in the Himalayas growing on shady, humus-rich, rocky slopes. Grows easily in a variety of soils but likes shade. On rocks in montane broad-leaved evergreen forests |
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If you grow and sell ferns in any country, please tell me so that I can put them on this website and inform others where they can be bought online via mail-order. If you would provide photos and fern details to be only used by me on this website, they would be gratefully received, since I could assume that the photo was a valid one in regard to its name of fern in its filename to that fern in the photo. |
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Polystichum lentum Temperate - Subtropical Bright shiny fronds |
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Polystichum lentum Temperate - Subtropical Bright upright tussock |
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Pteris cretica and cultivars Temperate - Subtropical Bright colorful and interesting |
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Pteris cretica ensiformis and cultivars Tropical - Temperate Bright compact |
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Pteris cretica tremula Temperate - Subtropical Bright light green fronds |
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Pyrrosia confluens Subtropical - Temperate Dull-Bright hardy |
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Pyrrosia confluens Tropical - Subtropical Bright cold sensitive |
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Pyrrosia confluens Subtropical - Temperate Dull-Bright hardy |
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Pyrrosia confluens Temperate - Subtropical Dull-Bright hardy |
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Rumohra adiantiformis Temperate - Subtropical Dull-Bright very hardy |
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Sadleria cyatheoides Tropical - Temperate Bright very decorative |
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Scyphularia pentaphylla Tropical - Temperate Dull-Bright coarse mix |
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Scyphularia pentaphylla Tropical - Subtropical Dull-Bright coarse mix |
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Selaginella kraussiana Temperate - Subropical Dull-Bright spreading |
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Stenochlaena palustris Tropical - Subtropical Dull-Bright adaptable |
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Tectaria heracleifolia Tropical - Subtropical Bright interesting subject |
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Woodwardia orientalis Subtropical - Temperate Bright large |
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Woodwardia orientalis Subtropical - Temperate Bright large |
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Paraceterach reynoldsii (Notholaena (as Nothochlaena) reynoldsii); Grammitis reynoldsii ; Gymnogramma (as Gymnogramme) reynoldsii , Gymnogramma reynoldsii, Gymnogramme reynoldsii, Nothochlaena reynoldsii, Notholaena reynoldsii) Mouse-ear Fern Australia |
Rhizome prostrate, long-creeping, scaly, the scales linear-subulate, margins pale-brown, centre black, thickened; fronds scattered, linear, to 30 cm long; stipe and rhachis a dark blackish brown, scaly, sometimes becoming glabrescent; pinnae orbicular or oblong, densely scaly especially on the undersurface; sori forming a broad submarginal continuous band, exindusiate, sporangia obscured by scales. |
4-8 x |
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and Their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix)
Propagation: See on right. Use 1 part loam to 1 part scoria for propagating mix. |
Suitable for Open Terrarium or Use well-drained acidic mix - including scoria, which is poor nutritionally to provide best chance of success. Plant must not be overpotted and will grow in a small pot for a number of seasons. Keep fern on the dry side and in temperate regions it should be kept as dry as possible over winter. Surface application of well-rotted animal manure is ideal in the spring. In tropical and subtropical regions a lightly shaded but dry situation is suitable. |
This is a neat, Resurrection Fern which forms spreading colonies in the protection of acidic rocks. Fresh fronds are bright green with conspicuous brown scales on the upper surface. Plants grow fairly easily in a loamy, acid soil, in a situation exposed to some sun and with plenty of air movement. Also can be grown in a pot. Amongst rocks in gully in Western Australia |
Propagation: For those without propagation by spores instructions; the following is suitable: "Keep a close eye upon the fronds, and when the spore cases begin to turn brown remove a frond or portions of it, and wrap them up in white paper, putting them in a closed box for a few days, when an abundance of spores for sowing will be available. Fill some pots with good loam, to within an inch (2.5 cms) of the top, using to drainage, and surface this with some finely broken and dusty crocks or bricks. Give a thorough watering, and when this has soaked away sow the spores as thinly as possible. Stand each pot in a saucer of water, cover it in a case or under a bell-glass where light is available, but where there is no direct sunshine. When the pots get covered with small green scales (prothallica), transplant some of the small tufts with a pointed peg into other pots filled with compost and surfaced with sandy soil. Saucers of water beneath the pots should be used to supply moisture." from Black's Gardening Dictionary. Edited by E.T. Ellis. Published by A & C. Black Ltd in 1928. |
See photo. Seeds of South Australia - This database contains 143 families, 837 genera and 3,103 native species with 29,294 images (also with 400 introduced species). |
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Davallia epiphylla Twin-Stripe Fern is native to the lowlands - mountains in Cook Island New Guinea, Polynesia - Native to Malaysia, New Guinea and the Pacific Islands. |
Its young rhizomes are covered with a soft mass or reddish scales and the fronds are finely-divided and handsome. Coarse and fine fronds may be present on the one plant. |
24-36 x |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in pans under bell-glass in temperature 55-75F (13-24C) at any time; division of rhizomes in February or March. See Growing Davallia Species Indoors in Davallia corniculata description. |
Suitable for House Fern within a pot or growing on cork in a Hanging Basket in part shade in Conservatory in the UK.
Stove and greenhouse evergreen Ferns. |
Stove Evergreen Fern. A medium-sized fern with medium- to long-creeping rhizomes. Grows well under medium light in drained, moist-dry potting mix or uncut moss. Epiphyte and Terrestrial on plots from Technical Report 98 PERMANENT FOREST PLOT DATA FROM THE NATIONAL PARK OF AMERICAN SAMOA W. Arthur Whistler. |
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Map of locations where recorded in the world. See photos from Flora of Solomon Islands. See Plant illustration of Davallia epiphylla [19668-0- 161412]. |
"Old plants of Davallia may be cut into a number of smaller ones with a sharp knife. Planted firmly into shallow pans and placed in a temperature of 60-65F (15-18C), they soon develop into symetrical plants. The rhizomes should be firmly fastened to soil by strong copper-wire staples, where they will root in a short time. To gain a large number of small plants, the rhizomes should be detached, cleaned from all soil and roots, laid on sand and thinly covered with moss. Placed in a shaded position in a temperature of 65-70F (18-21C), and kept moderately moist, a number of small plants will develop from the dormant eyes, which may be separately potted as soon as of sufficient size.
The Fern Dictionary from an article in Newsletter Number 47 of the Association of J.G.A.L. Fern Study Group Dated December 1989, of the Australian Native Plants Society. |
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Davallia pyxidata (Davallia solida var. pyxidata) Zones 8-9 Australia - Endemic and relatively common in coastal eastern Australia, with scattered occurrences in inland forests (Qld, N.S.W.) and an isolated southernmost locality in the Grampian Ranges, Victoria. |
An easily grown fern with woody, erect or spreading rhizomes and leathery, dark green fronds. Juvenile or sterile fronds may be coarsely-divided, while fertile fronds are much finer. Rootstock clothed with pale brown linear scales: leaf-blades tri-quadripinnatifid, 6-9 inches (15-22.5 cms) broad, with oblong segments; sori with a broad space outside, which is extended into a horn-like projection. Can grow in cool areas of Australia. |
12-32 x 40 |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in pans under bell-glass in temperature 55-75F (13-24C) at any time; division of rhizomes in February or March. See Growing Davallia Species Indoors in Davallia corniculata description. |
Suitable for House Fern in a Trough or in a Hanging Basket within a Heated Greenhouse or in Outdoors Container as bedding plant among rocks in a Rock Garden (bring inside during a very cold winter) within the UK.
Greenhouse evergreen Ferns. |
Greenhouse Evergreen Fern. Can be grown in a pot or basket or among rocks in the garden. A small-medium fern with medium- to long-creeping rhizomes. Best grown under medium-high light in well-drained, moist-dry potting mix or uncut moss. The plants are sometimes used as bedding plants. The stiff, upward-growing rhizomes do not make for a good basket plant. An ideal species for growing in hanging baskets on the veranda in South Africa. It bears attractive, feathery, dark green leaves. Tuck several plants into the perimeter of a coir-lined basket to form a round ball of feathery fronds. Fill the basket with a mixture of compost and acid compost and keep the coir moist. Mist-spray the fronds with water in hot, dry weather. |
It is a variety of fern that occurs in eastern Australia and is usually identified as a lithophyte or epiphyte in or near rainforest areas. However, it may also be seen in a few locations west of the Great Dividing Range. Listed as vulnerable in Victoria, occurring in the Grampians. In Victoria known only from crevices of exposed sandstone cliffs in the Black Range (west of the Grampians). The fronds of the Victorian specimens are less than 20 cm tall (they can reach 60 cm elsewhere). |
Fern West Head underside sori, likely to be Davallia solida var. pyxidata. Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park, Australia.. Date: 29 June 2011. By Poyt448 Peter Woodard via Wikimedia Commons. Hares foot on Hawkesbury Sandstone. West Head, Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park, Australia. Fern is likely to be Davallia solida var. pyxidata. Date: 29 June 2011. By Poyt448 Peter Woodard via Wikimedia Commons.
See other photos. |
"Old plants of Davallia may be cut into a number of smaller ones with a sharp knife. Planted firmly into shallow pans and placed in a temperature of 60-65F (15-18C), they soon develop into symetrical plants. The rhizomes should be firmly fastened to soil by strong copper-wire staples, where they will root in a short time. To gain a large number of small plants, the rhizomes should be detached, cleaned from all soil and roots, laid on sand and thinly covered with moss. Placed in a shaded position in a temperature of 65-70F (18-21C), and kept moderately moist, a number of small plants will develop from the dormant eyes, which may be separately potted as soon as of sufficient size. |
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Humata heterophylla (Davallia heterophylla) Malaysia, Indonesia, India, southeastern Asia, the Phillippines, New Guinea and the Pacific Islands. Tender to very tender Humata is Latin for of the earth; referring to the creeping habit of the rhizomes. Accepted name in The Plant List. |
A novelty fern, which has a long slender rhizome and spaced fronds which are of 2 types. The sterile fronds are broady oblong, with entire, or sometimes scalloped, margins and the fertile fronds are deeply lobed. Rhizome tips are sometimes purplish. |
2-6 x 16 |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By division of rhizomes in February or March.
The hairy rootstocks will grow over the edges of the pot on all sides. This fern requires a light spot protected from the sun, moist soil rich in humus, e.g., a mixture of potting compost, sharp sand, peat or leaf-mould and some vermiculite. The soil must not be too moist or the rootstocks will turn brown, temperature by day 21-26 C, at night 10-15C. Feed once a month (half concentration). Repot once every 2/3 years when the soil has been exhausted. |
Suitable for House Fern in a Limestone or Basic soil within a
Stove and greenhouse evergreen Ferns, formerly included in the genus Davallia. |
Stove Evergreen Fern. Grows easily in a small pot or basket. A small fern with medium-creeping rhizomes that often become hanging and vine-like. Grows well under humid conditions and medium light in drained, moist potting mix or uncut moss. The plants are frequently used for terrariums or hanging baskets. If your terrarium is very brightly lit, yet you want to grow Humata heterophylla, you’ll have the best chance to grow this fern if you grow it terrestrially or as an epiphyte, positioning your Humata heterophylla |
Humata heterophylla - English: Botanical specimen in the Lyman Plant House, Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts, USA. Date: 20 December 2012. By Daderot via Wikimedia Commons. Botanical illustration from Wikimedia Commons. |
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If you grow and sell ferns in any country, please tell me so that I can put them on this website and inform others where they can be bought online via mail-order. If you would provide photos and fern details to be only used by me on this website, they would be gratefully received, since I could assume that the photo was a valid one in regard to its name of fern in its filename to that fern in the photo. |
Site design and content copyright ©January 2009. DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site. |
Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran. Revised and Expanded Edition. Published in 2001 by Timber Press, Inc. Reprinted 2002, 2006. ISBN-13:978-0-88192-495-4. |
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"Suitable growing regions - these are only meant to be a rough guide as to the regions in which the fern can be expected to be successfully cultivated, i.e. in an outside environment offering the usual fern requirements. It does not take account local factors such as altitude. Terrestrial or Epiphytic - this entry is included merely as a guide to the potting mix and cultural requirements a species may require. The term aquatic is used for water ferns." from The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1. |
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USE OF FERN WITH PHOTOS
using information from Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran and
The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1
Outdoor Use in
Northeastern United States Zones 3-6
Southeastern United States Zones 6-8
Southern Florida and Hawaii Zones 10-11
Central United States Zones 3-6
Northwestern United States Zones 5-8 with some Zone 9
Southwestern United States Zones 6-9
Coastal Central and Southern California Zones 9-10
Accent
Aquatic 1, 2
Basket 1,
Ferns for Hanging Baskets 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Ferns for Hanging Baskets with Pendulous Fronds or weeping Growth Habit 7, 8
Bog or Wet-Soil 1,
Ferns for Wet Soils 2, 3
Border and Foundation 1, 2
Grow in Coastal Region
Cold-hardy Ferns 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Colour in Fern Fronds 1, 2, 3, 4
Conservatory (Stove House) or Heated Greenhouse 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Drier Soil 1, 2, 3, 4
Grows on Rock (epilithic) 1, 2
Borne on Leaf (epiphyllous) 1, 2
Grows on another Plant (epiphyte) 1, 2
Evergreen and Deciduous
Fronds in Floral Decorations
Ferns for Acid Soil 1,
Lime-hating (Calcifluges) 2, 3, 4, 5
Ferns for Basic or Limestone Soil 1,
Ferns Found on Limestone or Basic Soils (Calciphiles) 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
Ferns for Ground Cover 1,
Ground Cover Ferns 2, 3, 4, 5
Ferns of the Atlantic Fringe with associated plants (1 - Atlantic Cliff-top Grassland, Ledges and Rough Slopes; 2 - Clay Coasts and Dunes of South-East Ireland; 3 - Limestones of Western Atlantic Coasts; 4 - Hebridean Machair; 5 - Horsetail Flushes, Ditches and Stream Margins; 6 - Water Margin Osmunda Habitats; 7 - Western, Low-lying, Wet, Acid Woodlands; 8 - Western, Oak and Oak-Birch Woodlands and Ravines, in the UK and Ireland)
Ferns in Coastal District with associated plants (Hard Rock Cliffs, Soft Rock Cliffs, Clay Coasts, or Coastal Sand-Dunes in the UK)
Ferns of Grasslands and Rock Outcrops (Grasslands; Rocks, Quarries and Mines in the UK)
Ferns of Heath and Moorland with associated plants (1 - Bracken Heath; 2 - Ferns of Moist Heathland Slopes and Margins of Rills and Streams; 3 - Heathland Horsetails, 4 - Heathland Clubmosses, in the UK)
Ferns of Lower Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - Upland Slopes and Screes; 2 - Base-rich, Upland Springs and Flushes; 3 - Base-rich, Upland, Streamside Sands and Gravels; 4 - Juniper Shrub Woodland, in the UK)
Ferns for Man-Made Landscapes with associated plants (South-western Hedgebanks, Hedgerows and Ditches, Walls and Stonework, Water Mills and Wells, Lime Kilns and abandoned Lime-Workings, Pit heaps and Shale Bings, Canals, Railways and Their Environs in the UK)
Ferns of Upper Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - High Mountain, Basic Cliffs and Ledges; 2 - High, Cliff Gullies; 3 - High Mountain Corries, Snow Patches and Fern beds; 4 - Ridges, Plateaux and High Summits, in the UK)
Ferns for Wetlands with associated plants (1- Ponds, Flooded Mineral Workings and Wet Heathland Hollows; 2 - Lakes and Reservoirs; 3 - Fens; 4 - Ferns of the Norfolk Broads' Fens; 5 - Willow Epiphytes in the UK)
Ferns in Woodland with associated plants (1 - Dry, Lowland, Deciduous Woodland; 2 - Inland, Limestone, Valley Woodland; 3 - Base-rich Clay, Valley Woodland; 4 - Basic, Spring-fed Woodland; 5 - Ravine Woodland on Mixed Rock-types; 6 - Native Pine Forest in the UK)
Ferns in Hedges or Hedgebanks
Outdoor Containers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Rapidly Growing Fern 1, 2
Resurrection Fern
Rock Garden and Wall Ferns 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Shade Tolerant 1, 2, 3, 4
Slowly Growing Fern
Sun Tolerant 1, 2, 3, 4
House Fern in Trough Garden 1,
Fern Suitable for
Indoor Decoration 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
House Fern in Terrarium, Wardian Case or
Bottle Garden 1,
Ferns suitable for Terrariums, Wardian Cases 2, 3, 4,
5, 6
Grow in Woodlands 1, 2, 3, 4
TYPE OF FERN TO GROW WITH PHOTOS
using information from
Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran and
The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1
Aquatic Ferns (Azolla, Ceratopteris, Marsilea, Pilularia, Regnellidium, Salvinia)
Boston ferns (Nephrolepis exaltata), Fishbone ferns (Nephrolepis cordifolia), Lace ferns and Sword ferns
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix) 1,
2, 3
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon) 1, 2
Fern Allies (Psilotums or Whisk Ferns, Lycopodiums or Ground Pines, Selaginellas or Spike Mosses, and Equisetums, Horsetails or Scouring Rushes) 1, 2
Filmy and Crepe Ferns (Hymenophyllum, Trichomanes, Leptopteris) 1, 2
Lacy Ground Ferns (Culcita, Dennstaedtia, Histiopteris, Hypolepis, Leptolepia, Microlepia, Paesia, Pteridium) 1, 2
Lady Ferns and Their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris) 1, 2
Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) 1, 2
Miscellaneous Ferns (Acrostichum, Actiniopteris, Anemia, Anogramma, Anopteris, Blotiella, Bolbitis, Christella, Coniogramma, Cryptogramma, Ctenitis, Cyclosorus, Didymochlaena, Dipteris, Elaphoglossum, Equisetum, Gymnocarpium, Llavea, Lonchitis, Lygodium, Macrothelypteris, Oeontrichia, Oleandra, Onoclea, Onychium, Oreopteris, Parathelypteris, Phegopteris, Photinopteris, Pityrogramma, Pneumatopteris, Psilotum, Stenochlaena, Thelypteris, Vittaria)
1, 2, 3, 4 including Fern Allies of Equisetum and Psilotum or Whisk Ferns
Polypodium Ferns and Relatives (Anarthropteris, Belvisia, Campyloneurum, Colysis, Crypsinus, Dictymia, Gonphlebium, Lecanopteris, Lemmaphyllum, Lexogramme, Microgramma, Microsorum, Niphidium, Phlebodium, Phymatosurus, Pleopeltis, Polypodium, Pyrrosia, Selliguea) 1, 2, 3
Primitive Ferns and Fern Oddities (Angiopteris, Botrychium, Christensenia, Danaea, Helminthostachys, Marattia, Ophioglossum, Osmunda and Todea)
Scrambling, Umbrella, Coral and Pouch Ferns (Dicranopteris, Diploptergium, Gleichenia, Sticherus)
Shield, Buckler, Holly Ferns and their Relatives (Arachniodes, Cyrtomium, Dryopteris, Lastreopsis, Matteuccia, Polystichum, Rumohra, Tectaria and Woodsia) 1, 2, 3, 4
Spleenworts Ferns (Asplenium) 1, 2, 3
Staghorns, Elkhorns and other large epiphytes (Aglaomorpha, Drynaria, Merinthosorus, Platycerium, Pseudodrynaria) 1, 2
Fern Allies - Tassel Ferns and Clubmosses (Lycopodium)
The Brakes (Pteris) 1, 2
Tree Ferns (Cibotium, Cnemidaria, Cyathea, Dicksonia, Nephelea and Trichipteris) 1, 2
Water, Hard, Rasp and Chain Ferns (Blechnum, Doodia, Woodwardia, Sadleria) 1, 2
Xerophytic Ferns (Actinopteris, Astrolepis, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Notholaena, Pellaea, Pityrogramma) 1, 2
Topic
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STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY
Cultivation Requirements of Plant |
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Outdoor / Garden Cultivation |
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Indoor / House Cultivation |
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Cool Greenhouse (and Alpine House) Cultivation with artificial heating in the Winter |
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Conservatory Cultivation with heating throughout the year |
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Stovehouse Cultivation with heating throughout the year for Tropical Plants |
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Sun Aspect |
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Soil Type |
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Soil Moisture |
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Position for Plant |
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Ground Cover 0-24 inches (0-60 cms) |
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Ground Cover 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) |
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Ground Cover Over 72 inches (180 cms) |
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1, 2, |
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Use of Plant |
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STAGE 4D Plant Foliage |
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Flower Shape |
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Number of Flower Petals |
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Flower Shape - Simple |
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Flower Shape - Elaborated |
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Natural Arrangements |
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STAGE 4D |
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Form |
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STAGE 1
Fragrant Plants adds the use of another of your 5 senses in your garden:- |
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STAGE 2 Fan-trained Shape From Rhododendrons, boxwood, azaleas, clematis, novelties, bay trees, hardy plants, evergreens : novelties bulbs, cannas novelties, palms, araucarias, ferns, vines, orchids, flowering shrubs, ornamental grasses and trees book, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Ramblers Scramblers & Twiners by Michael Jefferson-Brown (ISBN 0 - 7153 - 0942 - 0) describes how to choose, plant and nurture over 500 high-performance climbing plants and wall shrubs, so that more can be made of your garden if you think not just laterally on the ground but use the vertical support structures including the house as well. The Gardener's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Climbers & Wall Shrubs - A Guide to more than 2000 varieties including Roses, Clematis and Fruit Trees by Brian Davis. (ISBN 0-670-82929-3) provides the lists for 'Choosing the right Shrub or Climber' together with Average Height and Spread after 5 years, 10 years and 20 years. |
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STAGE 2
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STAGE 4D Trees and Shrubs suitable for Clay Soils (neutral to slightly acid) Trees and Shrubs suitable for Dry Acid Soils Trees and Shrubs suitable for Shallow Soil over Chalk Trees and Shrubs tolerant of both extreme Acidity and Alkalinity Trees and Shrubs suitable for Damp Sites Trees and Shrubs suitable for Industrial Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Cold Exposed Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Seaside Areas Shrubs suitable for Heavy Shade Shrubs and Climbers suitable for NORTH- and EAST-facing Walls Shrubs suitable for Ground Cover Trees and Shrubs of Upright or Fastigiate Habit Trees and Shrubs with Ornamental Bark or Twigs Trees and Shrubs with Bold Foliage Trees and Shrubs for Autumn Colour Trees and Shrubs with Red or Purple Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Golden or Yellow Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Grey or Silver Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Variegated Foliage Trees and Shrubs bearing Ornamental Fruit Trees and Shrubs with Fragrant or Scented Flowers Trees and Shrubs with Aromatic Foliage Flowering Trees and Shrubs for Every Month:- |
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Use of Fern
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Use of Fern
See
If you grow and sell ferns, please tell me so that I can put them on this website and inform others where they can be bought online via mail-order. The remarkable sex life of ferns:-
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Companion Plants
A question Shady Plants get asked many times is what flowering plants are suited for growing with ferns. There are a few choice plants, with elegant flowers with subtle shades that compliment ferns and grow well in shade. Here is a collection of plants that, in my opinion, go very well with ferns:-
and
Ferns of the Atlantic Fringe with associated plants (1 - Atlantic Cliff-top Grassland, Ledges and Rough Slopes; 2 - Clay Coasts and Dunes of South-East Ireland; 3 - Limestones of Western Atlantic Coasts; 4 - Hebridean Machair; 5 - Horsetail Flushes, Ditches and Stream Margins; 6 - Water Margin Osmunda Habitats; 7 - Western, Low-lying, Wet, Acid Woodlands; 8 - Western, Oak and Oak-Birch Woodlands and Ravines, in the UK and Ireland)
Ferns in Coastal District with associated plants (Hard Rock Cliffs, Soft Rock Cliffs, Clay Coasts, or Coastal Sand-Dunes in the UK)
Ferns of Grasslands and Rock Outcrops (Grasslands; Rocks, Quarries and Mines in the UK)
Ferns of Heath and Moorland with associated plants (1 - Bracken Heath; 2 - Ferns of Moist Heathland Slopes and Margins of Rills and Streams; 3 - Heathland Horsetails, 4 - Heathland Clubmosses, in the UK)
Ferns of Lower Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - Upland Slopes and Screes; 2 - Base-rich, Upland Springs and Flushes; 3 - Base-rich, Upland, Streamside Sands and Gravels; 4 - Juniper Shrub Woodland, in the UK)
Ferns for Man-Made Landscapes with associated plants (South-western Hedgebanks, Hedgerows and Ditches, Walls and Stonework, Water Mills and Wells, Lime Kilns and abandoned Lime-Workings, Pit heaps and Shale Bings, Canals, Railways and Their Environs in the UK)
Ferns of Upper Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - High Mountain, Basic Cliffs and Ledges; 2 - High, Cliff Gullies; 3 - High Mountain Corries, Snow Patches and Fern beds; 4 - Ridges, Plateaux and High Summits, in the UK)
Ferns for Wetlands with associated plants (1- Ponds, Flooded Mineral Workings and Wet Heathland Hollows; 2 - Lakes and Reservoirs; 3 - Fens; 4 - Ferns of the Norfolk Broads' Fens; 5 - Willow Epiphytes in the UK)
Ferns in Woodland with associated plants (1 - Dry, Lowland, Deciduous Woodland; 2 - Inland, Limestone, Valley Woodland; 3 - Base-rich Clay, Valley Woodland; 4 - Basic, Spring-fed Woodland; 5 - Ravine Woodland on Mixed Rock-types; 6 - Native Pine Forest in the UK)