Ivydene Gardens Colour Wheel - Bloom in Month Gallery:
Explanation of Structure of this Website with User Guidelines

Main Topics

Website Design History
When the site was started, it was one document with Garden Design, Garden Maintenance and Garden Construction sections. As the other sections on Case Studies, Companion Planting, Glossary, Library, Offbeat Glossary, Plants, Soil, Tool Shed and Useful Data were added, the document became too big, so each was split off the Home section to become separate documents. Every Page with the Main Topic Box on it can link to the Site Map Page of every other document stated in that menu.

Plant Photographic Galleries
The Plant Photographic Galleries were started in the summer of 2007 to support the groundcover plants described in the Plants section with a plant gallery. Having put 150 plants into the Plant Gallery, I soon ran out of space in memory. The Plant Gallery (renamed Odds and Sods Gallery) was then split up into the Plant Photographic Galleries - as shown in the table on the right.

Case Studies

Case 3 - The completed drive in June of the following year.

These follow the progress of part or all of a private garden from design to completion.

Design Cases
When designing a garden, it is vital to know who and for how long the resulting designed and landscaped garden is going to be maintained by. The book 'The One Hour Garden' describes what maintenance work can be done in the time that you have allotted; and therefore what besides a lawn, you can have in your garden. My redesign and construction work - build new garage as shown in Case 2a - to be done on my 3 gardens - as shown by Case 2 and Case 2b - must be to reduce the maintenance time required to the time I have available. If the gardens are first weeded, pruned, mulched, mown and bare earth converted to lawns using grass seed, then construction can take place in the future - as free time allows during a week or fortnight after the maintenance has been done.
In Case 4, the combination of the Structural and Planting Designs would create a garden that I would be able to maintain in one day a fortnight. I would install a 3" deep mulch in the spring on the beds, so that I can prune the shrubs/trees and hoe the odd weed; whilst the father mows the lawns, the mother tends the vegetable garden and their teenage daughters play football!!
The children in Case 5 loved to look at creepy-crawlies and wildlife, so that together with low-cost the design for different areas in a terrace house garden was created.

Construction Cases
Case 3 is building a drive on clay and it is important to get the part you will not see - the foundations - done correctly.
Case 8 is creating a pond with its pitfalls for foundations.

Maintenance Cases
If you are asking someone to maintain your garden, then do provide the complete picture. If as in Case 1, you intend to sell the property, then look at this - as not a maintenance but as a selling job - and get that job done instead.
Case 6 is creating a vegetable garden in a back garden during the maintenance program of one day a fortnight to maintain it and the remainder of the back and front gardens. This was done over 7 years using a crop rotation system
Concrete ponds are likely to crack open due to movement in the ground levels due to being in clay or vibration caused by road traffic if it is fairly close. Case 7 shows no planting shelves for the pond plants.

Companion Planting

Companion Plant columns on each Companion Plant page below:-
Original Plant
Pest/Disease
Companion Plant
Antagonistic Plant or to Pest/-Disease

Companion Plant A
Companion Plant B
Companion Plant C
Companion Plant D
Companion Plant E
Companion Plant F
Companion Plant G
Companion Plant H
Companion Plant I
Companion Plant J
Companion Plant K
Companion Plant L
Companion Plant M
Companion Plant N
Companion Plant O
Companion Plant P
Companion Plant Q
Companion Plant R
Companion Plant S
Companion Plant T
Companion Plant UV
Companion Plant W
Companion Plant XYZ

Pest Control

The name given to the system of using one plant to help another is Companion Planting, i.e garlic planted with roses deter greenfly rather than using pesticides to kill them.

Garden Construction

Having got everything agreed on paper or the PC for the detailed design, the exciting part of construction begins.
Remember to do the Hard Landscaping followed by Soft Landscaping with soil conditioning, planting, irrigation, mulching and then finally the Lawn; not lay the Lawn first.

Work schedule for hard and soft landscaping

Garden Maintenance

"There are dozens of books on the market which tell you how to do your garden.....

This book - 2 Hour Garden by Alexander Dingwall Main and Ian Dougill, edited by Roger Grounds. Times Newspapers Limited 1976 published by Ward Lock Limited - is completely different. It's basic assumption is that gardening should be fun. And it faces the real problems of first-time gardeners. Like that they have other things to do besides gardening. So it is paced very carefully. For an average of about 2 hours work a week and a minimal financial expenditure, you should be able to transform your garden from a wilderness to a wonderland in about 12 months."

or

So you want to improve your garden:-
First, produce a Site Plan with the
Hard Landscape Plan drawing, followed by the
Soft Landscape Plan and Moveable Items drawings, Then,
Create a Plant Maintenance Plan before weeding / pruning / mulching.

Simplest maintenance:

• Weed your flower bed, donate weeds to UK council.
• Then prune your shrubs/ hedge/ perennials and lay thin prunings on lawn (shrub/tree prunings no thicker than little finger onto lawn, remainder donated to UK council) from that weeded flower bed.
• Mow lawn with rotary mower and cover weeded flower bed with 0.5 inch depth of grass/shreddings mowings. Fallen leaves in Autumn can be included in this mow lawn by cutting at highest grass cutting height first, then cutting the lawn at the normal height.
• Leave for 2 weeks, then repeat from "Weed your flower bed" onto next section of bed to be weeded.

Glossary

Glossary A
Glossary B
Glossary C
Glossary D
Glossary E
Glossary F
Glossary G
Glossary H
Glossary I
Glossary J
Glossary K
Glossary L
Glossary M
Glossary N
Glossary O
Glossary P
Glossary Q
Glossary R
Glossary S
Glossary T
Glossary U
Glossary V
Glossary W
Glossary XYZ

Glossary L

Laced
Lamina
Lateral
Layer planting
Layering
Leaching
Leader
Leaf
Leaf mould
Leaflet
Legume
Light
Lime
Line out
Lithophyte
Loam
Lopper
Lute

Layering A method of propagation by which a shoot is induced to root while attached to the parent plant. The basic form is self layering, which occurs naturally in some plants. Methods include: air layering (also known as Chinese layering or marcottage), French layering, mound layering, serpentine layering, simple layering, stooling, tip layering and trench layering.

Leaching The loss from the top soil of soluble nutrients by downward drainage.

Leader 1) The main, usually central, stem of a plant. 2) The terminal shoot of a main branch.

Leaf A plant organ, variable in shape and colour but often flattened and green, borne on the stem, that performs of the functions of photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration.

Leaf mould Fibrous, flaky material derived from decomposed leaves, used as an ingredient in potting media and as a soil improver.

Underlined words in the main content may be defined in the Glossary and in the right hand column of that page.

Library

Each entry in this Library, where possible, has an International Standard Book Number (ISBN) to assist you in locating a copy. Please note that entries in the library pages in red text indicate books that Chris Garnons-Williams has found to be more useful than the others in that section from 1991 to 2012.

In order to assist the design process for a garden, the Library has been split into the following order of abstraction ---->

• The Garden Style chosen at the beginning defines what a garden should look like.
• Following this choice of Garden Style, then:-
  • use the relevant Garden Design methodology, then
  • use the Garden Planting Design to implement the ideas for the beds, before
  • using the Location of Plants to show which plants should be grouped together for the soil, shade and colour of that Garden Style chosen.
• Plant Association shows which plant combinations give pleasing flower or foliage colour combinations, then
• Plant Types gives growing conditions of a family of plants - ie Primulas - with lists of primulas with the same flower colour, foliage colour or height and where is suitable for those plants, followed by
• Plant Species gives data about a family of plants in a restricted format - ie without lists - as the lowest level of useful information (unless you are prepared to read the text in a whole book each time you want to use this particular species of plant).
• Gardening gives general information on how to garden for the whole garden.
• Garden Cultivation gives specific information on veg, fruit, lawn, pond, etc.
• Garden Pests details garden pests/diseases and their control.
• Practical Projects gives details on how to construct hard landscaping.

Offbeat Glossary A
Accumulator plants
Allelochemics
Allium
Auxins

Offbeat Glossary B
Bay
Bromeliad

DuLally Bird - Do you know where his wife is?

Offbeat Glossary C
Catch Crop
Compost
Cover crop
Crop Rotation

Offbeat Glossary DE
Diatom-aceous Earth.
Plants least favoured by Deer.

Offbeat Glossary F
French Intensive Gardening

Offbeat Glossary G
Green Manure

Offbeat Glossary HILM
Herbal Lawn
Hiving a new swarm
Intercropping
Ladybirds
Microclimate
Monoculture

Offbeat Glossary NO
Nitrogen-fixing plants
Nitrogen-fixing trees

Offbeat Glossary P
Pinching back
Poisonous Plants

Offbeat Glossary QRST
Rabbits.
Raised bed
Shade.
Succession planting.
Two-level companion planting.
Two-season planting.

Offbeat Glossary U
U-Gardens

Offbeat Glossary V
Veganic.
Vertical gardening.

Offbeat Glossary WXYZ
Weeds

Soil

SOIL FORMATION - WHAT IS SOIL STRUCTURE

This describes the way in which sand, silt and clay particles are bonded together in larger units called ‘aggregates’. Before microaggregates can form, microscopic clay minerals need to be grouped together in small stacks called ‘domains’. When clays are bonded together in this way, they are termed ‘flocculated’. For example, calcium (Ca2+) in lime or chalk, Magnesium (Mg2+) and aluminium (Al3+) are 3 very common ions in soils. Ions with multiple charges allow clay minerals to bond together to form domains. Once clay minerals are stacked together to form domains, they can then bond with organic matter to form microaggregates.
The interaction between clay domains, organic matter, silt and sand particles diagram.

Above diagram shows importance of having all 3 items in the Soil Textural Triangle of Clay, Silt and Sand.
 

Soil Introduction -
Organic Matter in Soil
Physical Changes in Soil
Chemical Changes in Soil
How Soil is created
How Clay is created
How is Humus made
How is Soil Material Lost
What is Soil Texture

WHAT IS SOIL STRUCTURE

How does Water act in Soil
How Chemicals stored in Soil

WHAT ARE SOIL NUTRIENTS

WHAT SOIL ORGANISMS

How microbes use nutrients
The Carbon Cycle
The Nitrogen Cycle

ACTION PLAN FOR YOU

SOIL SUBSIDENCE
SUBSIDENCE DUE TO CLAY

Case 1 Clay on Sand

WHAT TO DO ABOUT SUBSIDENCE DUE TO CLAY

Subsidence is described as “ a movement involved in the site, normally downwards, so that damage occurs to the building standing upon it”.

Some 150,000 homes in the UK Southeast have suffered from subsidence between 1980 and 1995 - Removal of trees from a clay soil just prior to construction could cause heave (caused by the rehydration and swelling of a clay soil from rainfall) of the soil after building construction.

A minor point to remember: when you are sold a property; you are then responsible if it fails. Before you buy another building, please take account of the future possible causes of its subsidence, as well as any of the other causes of subsidence detailed in this page.
The Case 1 Clay on Sand page shows the damage created by a builder who had run out of topsoil and then used blue clay instead.

WHAT TYPES OF ORGANISM ARE FOUND IN THE SOIL

Most gardeners think of plants as only taking up nutrients through root systems and feeding the leaves. Few realize that a great deal of energy that results from photosynthesis in the leaves is actually used by plants to produce chemicals they secrete through their roots. These secretions are known as exudates. A good analogy is perspiration, a human's exudate.

Root exudates are in the form of carbohydrates (including sugars) and proteins. Amazingly, their presence wakes up, attracts, and grows specific beneficial bacteria and fungi living in the soil that subsist on these exudates and the cellular material sloughed off as the plant's root tips grow. All this secretion of exudates and sloughing off of cells takes place in the rhizosphere, a zone immediately round the roots, extending out about a tenth of an inch, or a couple of millimetres. The rhizosphere, which can look like a jelly or jam under the electron microscope, contains a constantly changing mix of soil organisms, including bacteria, fungi, nematodes, protozoa, and even larger organisms. All this "life" competes for the exudates in the rhizosphere, or its water or mineral content.

At the bottom of the soil food web are bacteria and fungi, which are attracted to and consume plant root exudates. In turn, they attract and are eaten by bigger microbes, specifically nematodes and protozoa who eat bacteria and fungi (primarily for carbon) to fuel their metabolic functions. Anything they don't need is excreted as wastes, which plant roots are readily able to absorb as nutrients. How convenient that this production of plant nutrients takes place right in the rhizosphere, the site of root-nutrient absorption.

At the centre of any viable soil food web are plants. Plants control the food web for their own benefit, an amazing fact that is too little understood and surely not appreciated by gardeners who are constantly interfereing with Nature's system. Studies indicate that individual plants can control the numbers and the different kinds of fungi and bacteria attracted to the rhizosphere by the exudates they produce.

Soil bacteria and fungi are like small bags of fertilizer, retaining in their bodies nitrogen and other nutrients they gain from root exudates and other organic matter. Carrying on the analogy, soil protozoa and nematodes act as "fertilizer spreaders" by releasng the nutrients locked up in the bacteria and fungi "fertilizer bags". The nematodes and protozoa in the soil come along and eat the bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere. They digest what they need to survive and excrete excess carbon and other nutrients as waste.

The protozoa and nematodes that feasted on the fungi and bacteria attracted by plant exudates are in turn eaten by arthropods such as insects and spiders. Soil arthropods eat each other and themselves are the food of snakes, birds, moles and other animals. Simply put, the soil is one big fast-food restaurant.

Bacteria are so small they need to stick to things, or they will wash away; to attach themselves they produce a slime, the secondary result of which is that individual soil particles are bound together. Fungal hyphae, too, travel through soil particles, sticking to them and binding them together, thread-like, into aggregates.

Worms, together with insect larvae and moles move through the soil in search of food and protection, creating pathways that allow air and water to enter and leave the soil. The soil food web, then, in addition to providing nutrients to roots in the rhizosphere, also helps create soil structure: the activities of its members bind soil particles together even as they provide for the passage of air and water through the soil.

Without this system, most important nutrients would drain from soil. Instead, they are retained in the bodies of soil life. Here is the gardener's truth: when you apply a chemical fertilizer, a tiny bit hits the rhizosphere, where it is absorbed, but most of it continues to drain through soil until it hits the water table. Not so with the nutrients locked up inside soil organisms, a state known as immobilization; these nutrients are eventully released as wastes, or mineralized. And when the plants themselves die and are allowed to decay in situ, the nutrients they retained are again immobilized in the fungi and bacteria that consume them.

Just as important, every member of the soil food web has its place in the soil community. Each, be it on the surface or subsurface, plays a specific role. Elimination of just one group can drastically alter a soil community. Dung from mammals provides nutrients for beetles in the soil. Kill the mammals, or eliminate their habitat or food source, and you wont have so many beetles. It works in reverse as well. A healthy soil food web won't allow one set of members to get so strong as to destroy the web. If there are too many nematodes and protozoa, the bacteria and fungi on which they prey are in trouble and, ultimately, so are the plants in the area.

And there are other benefits. The nets or webs fungi form around roots act as physical barriers to invasion and protect plants from pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Bacteria coat surfaces so thoroughly, there is no room for others to attach themselves. If something impacts these fungi or bacteria and their numbers drop or disappear, the plant can easily be attacked.

Tool Shed

In this section, I’ve outlined my favourites, give information on the basic tools every gardener should have, and I make some recommendations on my preferred manufacturers and suppliers*:-

• Safety First — working safely in the garden.
• Digging — tools for making holes in the ground!
• Scraping — tools for moving stuff around.
• Cutting — tools for chopping things up.
• Other Tools — tools that don’t quite fit any other category.
• Recommended Suppliers — companies where you can buy equipment.

*Mention of a particular manufacturer or supplier in the Tool Shed Section no way implies any connection between them and Ivydene Horticultural Services. I mention their names only by way of actually using their equipment or services and having direct experience of them.

I tend to have protective barrier skin cream PrimeShield 250ml Dry The 4-in-1 Skin Protector for Working Hands to prevent chaps on my hands inside these Yellow Criss Cross Gripper Gloves (applied once in the morning and again after lunch)

This describes the tools that I use.

Useful Data

Useful Data A
Useful Data B
Useful Data C
Useful Data D
Useful Data E
Useful Data F
Useful Data G
Useful Data H

Useful Data I
Useful Data J
Useful Data K
Useful Data L
Useful Data M
Useful Data N
Useful Data O
Useful Data P
Useful Data Q

Useful Data R
Useful Data S
Useful Data T
Useful Data U
Useful Data V
Useful Data W
Useful Data X
Useful Data Y
Useful Data Z

Answers given to where can you get the plants, irrigation system, paving, work clothes, work tools etc.

Garden Design

Private Garden Design Introduction.

• What is your budget and What are the purposes for your garden?
• Designing for a Purpose: Areas which require answers before
• answering your Designing for a Purpose Questionnaire.
• Then, do the Site Survey with Photograghs, before
• putting the Current Garden Design on paper or PC.
• Using the Broad Design elements of scale, which Garden Style to use:-
  • Low Maintenance Garden Style,
  • Cottage Garden Garden Style,
  • Wildlife Garden Style or
  • Japanese Garden Style and the
  • Hard and Soft Landscaping elements of
    • Landscaping Proportion,
    • Mystery is absolutely vital (No-one should be able to see all the garden from any one vantage point or from the house, otherwise there is no incentive to venture into the garden to explore it),
    • Area Shape (Circular shapes are static and induce a wish to remain within that area, whilst rectangles cause restlessness and the wish to move on) and
    • Focal Points, create the Broad Proposed Design.
• Then, the Detailed Design of each Hard Landscaping item
• followed by the Soft Landscaping elements:- The Soil,
• changing the Microclimate; and the
• Plant Selection is influenced by
• the Colour Wheel, with
  
• Plant Quantities determined by time to establish versus width between
• plants, and Companion Planting will provide helpful neighbouring plants.

The most important design consideration is who and how long per week is maintenance on the garden going to be done. One hour-garden by Joanna Smith book helps in this part of the design process.

Using the Mixed Border, Jubilee Rose Garden and Bowes-Lyon Rose Garden in the Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) Garden at Wisley for examples, I am still creating The Mixed Borders Garden Design Topic, which may help you in planning your garden, especially if you decide to show your garden to the public - i.e Make plant labels visible in your garden to aid your own plant sales.

...RHS Mixed Borders

The 2 Mixed Borders either side of the long lawn leading past the RHS Plant Centre to Battleston Hill; with the East Border having an entrance to that Plant Centre and the West Border having lawn gaps which lead to the Jubilee Rose Garden and AGM Borders during 2013 are item 2 on the Visitor Map to the RHS Garden Wisley Summer 2012, part of which is shown below with North being on the right hand side:-

Click on the White or Black square within the Colour Wheel in 1 of the 7 colours in each month to compare the flowers of the permanent and bedding used in these mixed borders.

The 2 borders were split into 71 parts. Each
Part Number of East and West Mixed Borders has its own Page with photos of that part in the Winter, Spring, Summer and Autumn.

Each part has:-

• its own permanent planting (Other permanent plants)of bulbs, evergreen perennials, shrubs, climbers and trees
• its own permanent herbaceous perennials
• with bare areas in between for bedding.

Each plant then has its flower colour, flower thumbnail, months of flowering, height x spread, foliage colour in Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter with Foliage thumbnail

The plant name, flower thumbnail and foliage thumbnail link to the respective Plant Description Page in

......Bedding Plants ,

......Her Perennials or

......Other Plants .

These galleries are described in a row each below
 

Each page may also detail a
Design Concept

Blue, Orange, Pink, Red, Unusual, White and Yellow FLOWER COLOUR RANGE IN 71 PARTS OF MIXED BORDER DURING
May
June
July
August
September
October
November

for every plant in the Mixed Borders in each month it flowers. If a part has that flower colour during 2013, then is shown in the table below.

......Bedding Plants

has 74 plants used in the RHS Mixed Border Beds at Wisley with the
Mixed Border Beds Bedding Plant INDEX page and
Mixed Border Beds Un-Labelled Bedding Plant Index page.

......Her Perennials

has 176 plants used in the RHS Mixed Border Beds at Wisley with the
Mixed Borders Beds Permanent Herbaceous Perennial Plant Index page,
Mixed Border Beds Lost Flowers Page and
Mixed Border Beds 'Walkabout' Plants and 'Stateless' Plants page.

......Other Plants

has 73 plants used in the RHS Mixed Border Beds at Wisley. It also has its problems of plant labelling, pruning and safety maintenance in its Introduction page.

following above garden design in RHS at Wisley with

the table containing the number of parts of the 71 parts of the Mixed Borders with 1 - or combinations of 2 to 4 - colours of flowers in months May-Nov. These are split into Bedding, Permanent Herbaceous Perennial, Other Permanent plant and their combination towards the bottom of that introduction page;

there is a requirement for plant selection procedures -
1 of which is in the following Plants Main Topic -
and then use the Photo Galleries in the table on the right:-

Plants

The following Plant Selection Levels may be used at only 1 level or part of it.
Usually one would start at

• Plant Selection 1,
• refine that selection in Plant Selection 2
• and then refine even further with Plant Selections 3-6:-

Level 1 - Plant Use. e.g. Bee pollinated plants for Hay Fever Sufferers

Level 2 - Plants for Soil. You need to know what your topsoil is based on and

• either
  select only plants from each list in Level 1 that you require to grow in your topsoil
  or
  select only plants that you require from those that can either grow in your topsoil or can grow in any topsoil
• Levels 2a, 2b, 2c, 2cc, 2d

Level 3 - Refining Selection by

• 3a - Flower Colour. e.g. Red Flowers - Wild Flower
• 3b - Flower Shape - e.g. Bedding
• 3c - Foliage Colour - e.g. Non-Green Foliage 1

Level 4 - Pruning - Pruning Plants

Level 5 - Groundcover Plant Detail - e.g. Plant Name - A

Level 6 - Then, finally use COMPANION PLANTING to aid your plant selected or to
deter Pests

About 1300 plants are detailed in lists with their:-

sun aspect,

soil type,

moisture level,

shape,

garden use,

foliage,

flower colour and

pruning requirements.

 

Plants for:-

Any Soil,

Chalky Soils,

Others for Chalky Soils,

Clay Soil,

Others for Clay Soil,

Lime-Free Soil,

Light Sandy Soil,

Peaty Soil.

and finally,
with my coloured friend called Frankie the Green - Color 33C C33; I can tell you about
fedging
or if you prefer hedging:-
 

Hedging

has 13 hedge plants. Index with flower colour, months of flowering, height and spread, foliage colour on each page in the gallery.

REASONS FOR USE OF THIS TYPE OF HEDGE
Anti-Graffiti
Formal Edge of Garden Area
Garden Security Screen
Green Screen Wall for Factory Building
Green Screen Wall for Monaco Buildings
Informal Boundary
Parterre Edge
Screen
Security Barrier
Stock Boundary
Thorny Barrier
Windbreak

GROUND-COVER
Ground-cover Mat for embankments

FLOWER COLOUR
Other Colours
Red
White
Yellow

FOLIAGE COLOUR
Green
Variegated White
Variegated Yellow
Autumn Colour
4 Season Colour

FRUIT COLOUR
Fruit

Bulb and Perennial Height from Text Border

COLOUR WHEEL - BLOOM IN MONTH GALLERY PAGE MENU
Site Map of pages with content (o)
Website Structure Explanation and User Guidelines

The above Page Menu and User Instructions will normally remain fixed in this position, so that this menu is always available while you scroll the central section of Data for the page.

(o)Page Name
(o) indicates this Gallery Page has comparison photos on it.
Only the Page Name shows that Gallery Comparison page is empty. When you change your page to an empty page then instead of a white background to the title box of that page
(see
Ivydene Gardens Colour Wheel - Bloom in Month Gallery:
Blue Blooms in January
at the top of the Data Table on the left), it will be a green background.

Normally the main Photo Gallery of each plant type:-

• compares
  • flower colour in each month it flowers thumbnails on separate comparison pages with
  • their plant name, height and width, soil type, soil moisture and sun aspect in their own description box below each thumbnail.

then, each Sub Photo Gallery:-

• provides the Plant Description Pages of the plants in that plant type and
• compares the
  • flower colour, flower shape, foliage colour, and form thumbnails on separate comparison pages with
  • their plant name, height and width, soil type, soil moisture and sun aspect in their own description box below each thumbnail.

Gallery Name

Above background white colour indicates a Main Photo Gallery of the respective Plant Type and/or that it only has 1 Gallery

Above background tip colour indicates a Sub Photo Gallery of the respective plant type after its Main Photo Gallery

Above background yellow colour indicates a Sub-Sub Photo Gallery of the respective plant type after its Sub Photo Gallery

Click on centre of Thumbnail to see its Plant Description Page which also has the Index of all the other same type of plants (e.g Bulb is a plant type) within that Gallery in the table on the right. From October 2013 all links from new thumbnails to another page (and thumbnails created between 2006 to September 2013 will gradually be changed to this Map Link system) will be done using Map Links which change the page displayed to the Plant Description Page requested rather than the Link to Link which adds the Plant Description Page to the existing comparison page:-

This background Vit C Oranges colour indicates that the process of changing links to using the Map Link system is started on this gallery.
 

This background Green Just Fun colour indicates that the process of changing links to using Map Link system is completed for this gallery.

The Comments Row of that Plant Description Page details where that Plant is available for mailorder direct to you from a nursery / retailer.

with link to the comparison page in the text below the thumbnail

This background Magenta Shifts indicates that this gallery is being updated.

This background Green Just Fun indicates that updating this gallery is completed.

Aquatic
has 1 plant
 

Yellow Flower

Bamboo
has 9 plants with different cane colours. Bamboo Index with cane colour and foliage colour on each page in the gallery.

Black Cane

Green Cane

Yellow Cane

Bedding
has 25 plants with Bedding Index of flower colour, flower thumbnail, flowering months, height and spread, foliage colour on each page.
74 plants used in the RHS Mixed Border Beds at Wisley with Mixed Border Beds bedding Plant INDEX page.

1 of 11 Flower Colours - Blue

1 of 11 Flower Shapes - Spur

1 of 9 Use of Bedding - Bedding Out Use

2 of 9 Use of Bedding - Pots and Troughs

3 of 9 Use of Bedding - Window Boxes

4 of 9 Use of Bedding - Hanging Basket

Bulb
has 720 bulbs, corms or tubers in 1 of 5 Flower Colours in each month that it flowers

January - Unusual

February - Yellow

March - Red, Pink or Purple

April -
Blue

May -
White

June -
Blue

24 Bulb Index pages from
Index A to Index XYZ with flower colour, flower thumbnail, months of flowering, height and width and comments.

July - White

August - Red, Pink or Purple

Septem-ber - Blue

October - Yellow

November - Unusual

December - Blue

...Allium/ Anemone
has 75 alium and 26 anemone plants with 10 flower colours. Allium / Anemone Index with flower colour, flower thumbnail, months of flowering, height and width, comments on each page in the gallery

Bicolour Flowers

Green Flowers

Pink Flowers

White Flowers

1 of 2 Foliage Colours - Green

1 of 7 Forms - Clump-forming

...Autumn
has 43 plants from R.V. Roger Ltd Autumn Bulbs Catalogue with 10 flower colours. Index with flower colour, flowering months on each page in the gallery.

Yellow Flowers

Blue Flowers

Unusual Colour Flowers

Orange Flowers

1 of 2 Foliage Colours - Green

1 of 7 Forms - Clump-forming

...Colchicum/ Crocus
has 50 colchicum and 72 crocus plants with 8 flower colours. Index with flower colour, flower thumbnail, flowering months, height and width, comments on each page in the gallery.

Bicolour Flowers

Purple Flowers

White Flowers

Yellow Flowers

1 of 2 Foliage Colours - Green

Stemless Form

...Dahlia

has 46 dahlia tubers and others from the RHS Mixed Border Beds at Wisley in the MIXED BORDERS BEDDING gallery with 10 flower colours. Index with flower colour, flowering months on each page in the gallery.

Unusual Colour Flowers

1 of 2 Foliage Colours - Green

1 of 3 Dahlia Uses - Bedding

Clump-forming Form

1 of 13 NDS Class-ification Groups - Anemone-flowered

1 of 19 ADS Class-
ification Groups -
Formal Decorative

...Gladiolus
has 209 gladiolii corms with its own 40 flower colours. Index with flower colour, classification code, flowering months, flower thumbnail in 1 of 6 floret diameter columns on each page in the gallery.

Salmon (medium) - 34 Flowers

Black (red) - 58 Flowers

1 of 2 Foliage Colours - Green

1 of 5 Floret Diameters - Giant

1 of 7 Flowering Seasons - Very-Early Season

1 of 5 Cultivar Groups -
Nanus

The 228 gladiolii corms are described in these sub-sub galleries. Index with flower colour, classification code, flowering months, flower thumbnail in 1 of 6 floret diameter column on each page in each sub-sub gallery.

...Bulb Flower Shape with the

Number of Petals per flower,
Simple Flower Shapes,
Elaborated Shapes and
Natural Arrangements.

Also:-
Bulb Form,
Bulb Use and
Bulb in Soil

11 in Gladiolus European A-E Gallery

19 in Gladiolus European F-M Gallery

17 in Gladiolus European N-Z Gallery and

9 in Gladiolus European Non-Classified Gallery for the non-classified gladioli and the Gladioli species

0 in Gladiolus Australian Gallery

2 in Gladiolus Indian Gallery

16 in Gladiolus Lithuanian Gallery

8 in Gladiolus American A Gallery

9 in Gladiolus American B Gallery

14 in Gladiolus American C Gallery

4 in Gladiolus American D Gallery

4 in Gladiolus American E Gallery

10 in Gladiolus American F Gallery

5 in Gladiolus American G Gallery

9 in Gladiolus American H Gallery

3 in Gladiolus American I Gallery

2 in Gladiolus American J Gallery

1 in Gladiolus American K Gallery

10 in Gladiolus American L Gallery

6 in Gladiolus American M Gallery

8 in Gladiolus American N Gallery

6 in Gladiolus American O Gallery

10 in Gladiolus American P Gallery

1 in Gladiolus American Q Gallery

10 in Gladiolus American R Gallery

17 in Gladiolus American S Gallery

5 in Gladiolus American T Gallery

0 in Gladiolus American U Gallery

5 in Gladiolus American V Gallery

7 in Gladiolus American W Gallery

0 in Gladiolus American XYZ Gallery

0 in Gladiolus American Non-Classified Gallery for the non-classified gladioli and the Gladioli species

...Hippeastrum/ Lily

has 0 Hippeastrum and 65 Lilium bulbs with 10 flower colours. Index with flower colour, flowering months on each page in the gallery.

Bicolour Flowers

Purple Flowers

White Flowers

Yellow Flowers

1 of 2 Foliage Colours - Green

1 of 10 Lily Divisions - Asiatic Hybrids

...Late Summer has 92 plants from R.V. Roger Ltd Late Summer Bulbs Catalogue with 10 flower colours. Index with flower colour, flowering months on each page in the gallery.

Yellow Flowers

White Flowers

Purple Flowers

Green Flowers

1 of 2 Foliage Colours - Green

1 of 7 Forms - Erect or Upright

...Narcissus

has 67 bulbs with 6 perianth colours. Index with flower colour, flowering months on each page in the gallery.

January - All Flowers

February - All Flowers

March -
All Flowers

April -
All Flowers

May -
All Flowers

June -
All Flowers

Each of the ...Bulb Galleries has its own set of Flower Colour Pages.

...Flower Shape Gallery provides thumbails of the different flower shapes of bulbs from those ...Bulb Galleries.

Decemb-er
All Flowers

White Perianth

Yellow Perianth

1 of 2 Foliage Colours - Green

1 of 14 Class-ification Divisions -
4 Double

1 of 14
Class-
ification Divisions -
11b Split-Corona

...Spring

has 5 plants from R.V. Roger Ltd Spring Bulbs Catalogue with 10 flower colours. Index with flower colour, flowering months on each page in the gallery.

Orange Flowers

Pink Flowers

White Flowers

Yellow Flowers

1 of 2 Foliage Colours - Other Colour

1 of 7 Forms - Mat-forming

...Tulip

has 22 bulbs with 12 flower colours. Index with tulips split into 19 classification divisions, flower colour, flowering months on each page in the gallery.

White Flowers

1 of 3 Flowering Seasons -
Early - March

1 of 3 Flowering Seasons
-
Mid -
April

1 of 3 Flowering Seasons
-
Late -
May

1 of 2 Foliage Colours - Green

1 of 19 Class-ification Divisions -
15 - Species

...Winter

has 3 bulbs from R.V. Roger Ltd Winter Bulbs Catalogue with 10 flower colours. Index with flower colour, flowering months on each page in the gallery.

White Flowers

1 of 2 Foliage Colours - Green

1 of 7 Forms -
Clump-forming

Climber
has 71 clematis and 58 other climbers in 1 of 7 Flower Colours in each month that it flowers.

January - Other

February - Pink

March - White

April -
Blue

May -
Red

June -
Yellow

Index with flower colour, months of flowering, Climber Type on each page in the gallery.

July
-
Blue

August
-
Yellow

Sept-ember -
Other

October
-
Red

November
-
Other

December
-
Other

...Clematis
has 71 clematis in 1 of 7 Flower Colours. Index with flower colour, months of flowering, Climber Type on each page in the gallery.

There are 3 sectors on a house wall or high wall:-

• 0-36 inches (0-90 cms) in height - The Base.
• 36-120 inches (90-300 cms) in height - The Prime Site.
• Above 120 inches (300+ cms) in height - The Higher Reaches.

These 3 Galleries split the climbers into their following Climber Type:-

• Ramblers / Scramblers - These climbers lean on other plants or need artificial supports to climb - Roses, Jasmine, Espalier-trained Fruit Tree/Fruit Ramblers. These are suitable for house or building walls where vine-eye and wire or 1 inch square timber trellis support structures can be erected.
• Self-Clingers: Aerial Roots - A series of roots are produced along the length of its stems. These attach themselves very strongly to the surfaces they find - Ivy (Hedera).
  Self-Clingers: Sucker Pads - Tendrils are produced along the young growing stems, opposite the leaves. The main tendril stem divides into a number of slender filaments, each of which has a scarcely perceivable pad at its tip. Once the tips have established contact, the tiny pad is much expanded and becomes a significant sucker, which fits so strongly to the surface that if the stem is pulled away the suckers are left behind - Virginia Creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia).
• Self-Clingers: Twining - Many climbers find support simply by twining their stems around any object they find - Wisteria and Honeysuckle.
  Self-Clingers: Twining Leaf-Stem - Some climbers make do with sensitive leaf stalks which wrap themselves around objects for support - Clematis. Others establish themselves with thorns, hooks, spines and prickles.
  Self-Clingers: Twining Tendrils - A group of climbers climb by producing a series of tendrils. These Self-Clingers are suitable for garden walls, chainlink fences, trellis, pergolas or fedges.

...Climbers
has 58 other climbers in 1 of 7 Flower Colours. Index with flower colour, months of flowering, Climber Type on each page in the gallery.

Expanded information about Climber Type in the next column is below the Index on each page in each of the 3 climber galleries.

Colour Wheels with number of colours
All Flowers 53

has 2147 plants in 1 of 48 Flower Colours with the
Black, Silver, Gray, White 1, White 2 for Cultivated Flowers or White Wildflower for White UK Wildflowers. Index with common name, flower thumbnail and months of flowering.

The Flower Colour Wheel in this Gallery has collections of different types of plant with the same colour from 1 of the 53 colours of flower petal on the same page. You can change the page to its Description Page by clicking:-

• Botanical Plant Name,
• or clicking Flowering Months to compare the same flower colour in each month of all in that same type of plant, then clicking the thumbnail to add its Description Page. Each Text Description below each of the Thumbnails in those Comparison Pages gives you the:-
  • soil type it prefers,
  • plant name,
  • sun aspect,
  • soil moisture in the background colour and
  • height of the plant in the border colour of that plant.

Colour Wheels with number of colours
All Flowers per Month 12

has 1859 plants, which are:-

• 1 Aquatic
• 9 Azaleas, Rhododendrons, Camellias
• 42 Bedding
• 729 Bulbs, Corms, Rhizomes, Tubers
• 111 Climbers
• 31 Deciduous Shrubs
• 3 Deciduous Trees
• 118 Evergreen Perennials
• 1 Semi-Evergreen Perennial
• 104 Evergreen Shrubs
• 1 Evergreen Tree
• 3 Grasses
• 3 Herbs
• 128 Herbaceous Perennials
• 16 Odds and Sods
• 324 Roses
• 235 Wildflowers

in 1 of 12 flower colours in each month that it flowers.

The All Flowers per Month in this Gallery complements the Flower Colour Wheel gallery by having the flower photo in each month of one of the following petal colours that that plant flowers; then you can change the page to its Description Page by clicking on that Thumbnail:-

• Blue
• Brown
• Cream
• Green
• Mauve
• Orange
• Pink
• Purple
• Red
• Unusual and Multi-Coloured - multi-coloured in each flower and/or different flower colours
• White
• Yellow.

"Sanders' Encyclopedia of Gardening first appeared in serial form in Amateur Gardening. It was then produced as a book in 1895. For the first time the gardener was provided with a comprehensive encyclopedia, which not only gave brief descriptions of all the plants he was ever likely to meet but also complete information regarding their cultivation.
In this later edition the individual mixtures have been retained, for it was considered that many gardeners might still wish to use them in certain circumstances rather than the standardised John Innes recommendations." from the foreword of The Gardeners' Golden Treasury.
Using the information in the above book, I am creating:-

• 12 Bloom Colours per Month Index Colour Wheel Gallery to compare all its plants with that flower colour in the same page(s) and link those plant names to
• All Plants Index Colour Wheel Gallery which gives that same individual mixture and its other description for each plant, together with links to photos from external sites and mail-order nurseries in UK (Europe), America, Canada, Australia and New Zealand.

Besides the plants in the
British Floral Sources of importance to Honey Bees
and
Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers
the following 3 sets of Bee-pollinated plants are suitable for Hay-fever Sufferers; except for the 2 grasses :-

• This Bee-pollinated Bloom in Month gallery compares 13 flower colour photos per month for many plants from the other Galleries, by clicking on the 1 in the relevant Flower per month Colour in the Colour Wheel,
• the Bee-pollinated Index Gallery provides the tabular index of another 264 plants with the relevant colour in that respective month:-
  • 51 ANNUALS
  • 2 ANNUAL - VEGETABLE
  • 4 AQUATIC PLANTS
  • 11 BIENNIALS
  • 21 BULBS, CORMS, OR RHIZOMES
  • 4 CLIMBERS
  • 31 DECIDUOUS SHRUBS
  • 26 DECIDUOUS TREES
  • 9 EVERGREEN PERENNIALS
  • 22 EVERGREEN SHRUBS
  • 2 EVERGREEN TREES
  • 2 GRASSES which cause hayfever
  • 4 SEMI-EVERGREEN SHRUBS
  • 66 HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS
  • 9 PERENNIAL HERBS
    followed by
• extra bee-pollinated plants in Index in each page of Bee-pollinated Bloom in Month gallery.

Colour Wheels with number of colours
All Foliage 212
 

The All Foliage Gallery (Leaf and Form Foliage Gallery) has collections of different types of plant with the same colour from the 212 colours of mature foliage on the same page to produce the same, complementary or contrasting mature foliage colour lists. The Form image is followed by Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter Thumbnails. Each Text Description below the 4 Thumbnails in those Comparison Pages gives you the:-

Plant Type with
Height range of the plant in the border colour of that plants description
Evergreen, Deciduous or Herbaceous and
Soil Moisture in the background colour.
The Soil it prefers,
Plant Name,
Sun Aspect,
Foliage Months,
Flower Colour and
Months of Flowering in the UK with
Height x Width in inches (cms) and
Uses of Plant

 

Colour Wheels with number of colours
Rock Plant Flowers 53

has 82 rock garden plants in 1 of 52 Flower Colours.

FLOWERING IN MONTH
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

Small size plant in Flower Colours

Miniature size plant in Flower Colours

Small Size plant flower in Month

Miniature Size plant flower in Month

There are 82 rock garden plants (with photos) suitable for small garden areas; split into:-

• 2 ALLIUM and ANEMONE Bulbs
• 3 BULBS - Spring Catalogue. For planting in February/ May
• 2 BULBS - Late Summer Catalogue. For planting in July/ September
• 7 BULBS - Autumn Catalogue. For planting in September/ November
• 2 Bulbs - Winter Catalogue. For planting in November/ March
• 35 COLCHICUM AND CROCUS BULBS.
• 0 DECIDUOUS SHRUBS
• 30 EVERGREEN PERENNIALS
• 1 EVERGREEN SHRUBS
• 0 HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS
• 0 ROSES

in this Gallery.
All the remaining rock garden plants detailed in the Rock Garden Plant Index pages A, B , C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, NO, PQ, R, S, T, UVWXYZ in this gallery are waiting to receive photos, before they can be added to the 1 of the 52 Rockgarden Colour Wheel - Flowers Pages and then the above list.

...Rock Plant Photos

has 35 plants - Rock Garden Plants that do not have Plant Description Pages in this website - in this Gallery:-

• 15 BULBS, CORMS and TUBERS
• 4 EVERGREEN SUBSHRUBS
• 7 EVERGREEN PERENNIALS
• 2 EVERGREEN SHRUBS
• 7 HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS

I am taking photos of rock garden plants suitable for small gardens and if they do not have their own Plant Description Page in this website, then each photo of each plant will be located at the bottom of the relevant 1 of 52 Rockgarden Flower Colour Wheel pages of the Rock Plant Flowers 53 gallery. Usually a link in *** to that page will be included in the Name field of the respective Index Page.

If there is more than 1 photo for that plant that I wish to display then, this Gallery will have photos of that plant in its page.
This will be linked to from the respective Rock Garden Flower Colour Wheel Page and you can return to that Page by clicking on "Return to Rock Garden Colour Wheel Page" next to its text description for each photo
or
use the Rock Garden Colour Wheel on the right to link to that Colour or 1 of the others.
You could also get to its text row in the relevant Rock Plant Index page using the first letter of its name as the Index Page name to click.

Conifer

has 7 conifers in 1 of 7 Flower Colours. Index with height x spread, foliage colour and use on each page in the gallery.
 

1 of 13 Shapes - Columnar Tree / Shrub Shape

Cone Colour

1 of 15 Foliage Colours - Green

Deciduous Shrub

has 43 deciduous shrubs in 1 of 7 Flower Colours in each month that it flowers. Index with flower colour, months of flowering, height and spread, foliage colour on each page in the gallery

January - Yellow

February - Yellow

March - Yellow

April -
Red, Pink or Purple

May - Unusual

June -
Red, Pink or Purple

July - Unusual

August - Yellow

September - Red, Pink or Purple

October - Red, Pink or Purple

...Shrubs - Deciduous

Other Colours Flowers

1 of 8 Forms - Erect or Upright

1 of 13 Shapes - Rounded or Spherical

1 of 15 Foliage Colours - Purple

Fruit Colour

Deciduous Tree

has 4 deciduous trees in 1 of 7 Flower Colours in each month that it flowers. Index with flower colour, flower thumbnail, months of flowering, height and spread, foliage colour on each page in the gallery.

April - Unusual

May - White

June - White

...Trees - Deciduous

White Flowers

Garden Pictures -
Robinia friesia 'Blue Cedar'

1 of 15 Foliage Colours - Autumn Foliage Colour Change

1 of 15 Shapes -
Columnar Shape

Evergreen Perennial

has 104 evergreen perennials in 1 of 7 Flower Colours in each month that it flowers.

March - Blue

April -
Red, Pink or Purple

May - Unusual

June -
Yellow

July - White

August - Blue

September - Unusual

October Unusual

November - Red, Pink or Purple

...P-Evergreen A-L

has 68 evergreen perennial plants with initial letter of cultivar between A and L.
 

Yellow Flowers

1 of 9 Forms - Mat-Forming

1 of 15 Foliage Colours - Variegated White with Green

Fruit Colour

...P-Evergreen M-Z

has 36 evergreen perennial plants with initial letter of cultivar between M and Z.
 

Garden Pictures -
Rock Garden Bed. Magenta Cushion form in a rock garden. Phlox subulata 'Temiskaming'

Garden Pictures -
Saxifraga cochlearis. Alpine Garden Society has more details on Saxifrages.

...Flower Shape

has 98 evergreen perennial plants

The Daily Telegraph Best Flowers to Grow and Cut by David Joyce (ISBN 0 7112 2366 1) groups plants according to defined characteristics of flower simple shape, elaborated shape, flower details and flower textures. Using that system, this plant gallery has thumbnail pictures in:-

• Number of Flower Petals
• Flower Simple Shape, Flower Elaborated Shape and
• Flower Natural Arrangement Pages

A thumbnail of a plant can be in each of the above 3.

1 of 7 Number of Petals -
4

1 of 12 Flower Simple Shapes and Flower Elaborated Shapes - Simple Shape of Trumpets or Funnels

1 of 7 Flower Natural Arrange-ments - Column, Spikes or Spires

Evergreen Shrub

has 46 evergreen shrubs and 74 heathers in 1 of 7 Flower Colours in each month that it flowers.

January - Red, Pink or Purple

February - Yellow

March - White

April - Unusual

May -
Blue

June -
Red, Pink or Purple

July - Yellow

August - Red, Pink or Purple

September - White

October - Yellow

November - Unusual

December - Unusual

...Shrubs - Evgr

has 46 evergreen shrubs in 1 of 7 Flower Colours. Index with flower colour, months of flowering, height and spread, foliage colour on each page in the gallery

Orange Flowers

1 of 8 Forms - Arching

1 of 15 Shapes - Rounded or Spherical

1 of 13 Foliage Colours -
Grey

Fruit Colour

...Heather Shrub has 74 heathers in 1 of 18 Flower Colours. Index with flower colour, months of flowering, height and spread, foliage colour in spring, summer, autumn and winter.

H7 Rose Pink Flowers

Flowering Season Month - December

1 of 4 Seasons with 1 of 7 Foliage Colours -
Spring - Yellow

...Heather Index

each comparison page in the ...Heather Shrub gallery has its corresponding Index page or pages in this gallery. The detailing includes photos for each of the heathers compared in that comparison page.

1 cultivar detailed from 1 of 37 Species - Daboecia

Daboecia cantabrica
'Alberta White' flowering in
June,
July,
August,
September
with width x spread
12 x 20 (30 x 50)

White flowers, June-September, with bright green foliage. Erect habit and one of the better whites.

Photo of buds and flowers from
October 2014

Bright Green

Photo from June 2013

......Andromeda
......Bruckenthalia
......Calluna
......Daboecia
......Erica: Carnea
......Erica: Cinerea
......Erica: Others
 

Heather Description Pages in the following Species:-

• 0 Andromeda
• Bruckenthalia changed to Erica spiculifolia
• 14 Calluna
• 2 Daboecia
• 32 Erica: Carnea
• 7 Erica: Cinerea
• 59 Erica: Hardy Heaths

Evergreen Tree

has 1 evergreen tree in 1 of 5 Flower Colours in each month that it flowers.

June - White

July -
White

Saving the Common Yew at St. Margarets Church, Rainham, Kent (the yew involved is on the right of the home page of St. Margarets Church).

...Trees - Evergreen

has 1 evergreen tree in 1 of 7 Flower Colours.

White Flowers

1 of 15 Shapes

1 of 14 Foliage Colours - Green

Fern

has 16 ferns. Index with foliage colour and Shape/Division, height and spread, on each page in the gallery.

1 of 20 Types of Fern to Grow - Lady Ferns

Ferns for a purpose in the following uses:-

• Cold-hardy Ferns
• Ground Cover Ferns
• For Hanging Baskets
• For Indoor Decoration
• Ferns from Lime-hating Soils
• Ferns from Limestone Soils
• For Outdoor Containers
• For Terrariums
• For Wet Soils
• With Pendulous Fronds or Weeping Growth Habit