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STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY
Cultivation Requirements of Plant |
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Outdoor / Garden Cultivation |
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Indoor / House Cultivation |
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Cool Greenhouse (and Alpine House) Cultivation with artificial heating in the Winter |
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Conservatory Cultivation with heating throughout the year |
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Stovehouse Cultivation with heating throughout the year for Tropical Plants |
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Sun Aspect |
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Soil Type |
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Soil Moisture |
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Position for Plant |
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Ground Cover 0-24 inches (0-60 cms) |
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Ground Cover 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) |
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Ground Cover Over 72 inches (180 cms) |
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1, 2, |
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Use of Plant |
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STAGE 4D Plant Foliage |
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Flower Shape |
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Number of Flower Petals |
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Flower Shape - Simple |
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Flower Shape - Elaborated |
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Natural Arrangements |
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STAGE 4D |
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Form |
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STAGE 1
Fragrant Plants adds the use of another of your 5 senses in your garden:- |
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STAGE 2 Fan-trained Shape From Rhododendrons, boxwood, azaleas, clematis, novelties, bay trees, hardy plants, evergreens : novelties bulbs, cannas novelties, palms, araucarias, ferns, vines, orchids, flowering shrubs, ornamental grasses and trees book, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Ramblers Scramblers & Twiners by Michael Jefferson-Brown (ISBN 0 - 7153 - 0942 - 0) describes how to choose, plant and nurture over 500 high-performance climbing plants and wall shrubs, so that more can be made of your garden if you think not just laterally on the ground but use the vertical support structures including the house as well. The Gardener's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Climbers & Wall Shrubs - A Guide to more than 2000 varieties including Roses, Clematis and Fruit Trees by Brian Davis. (ISBN 0-670-82929-3) provides the lists for 'Choosing the right Shrub or Climber' together with Average Height and Spread after 5 years, 10 years and 20 years. |
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STAGE 2
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STAGE 4D Trees and Shrubs suitable for Clay Soils (neutral to slightly acid) Trees and Shrubs suitable for Dry Acid Soils Trees and Shrubs suitable for Shallow Soil over Chalk Trees and Shrubs tolerant of both extreme Acidity and Alkalinity Trees and Shrubs suitable for Damp Sites Trees and Shrubs suitable for Industrial Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Cold Exposed Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Seaside Areas Shrubs suitable for Heavy Shade Shrubs and Climbers suitable for NORTH- and EAST-facing Walls Shrubs suitable for Ground Cover Trees and Shrubs of Upright or Fastigiate Habit Trees and Shrubs with Ornamental Bark or Twigs Trees and Shrubs with Bold Foliage Trees and Shrubs for Autumn Colour Trees and Shrubs with Red or Purple Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Golden or Yellow Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Grey or Silver Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Variegated Foliage Trees and Shrubs bearing Ornamental Fruit Trees and Shrubs with Fragrant or Scented Flowers Trees and Shrubs with Aromatic Foliage Flowering Trees and Shrubs for Every Month:- |
Ivydene Gardens Herbaceous Perennial Flower Shape Gallery: |
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HERBACEOUS PERENNIAL FLOWER SHAPE AND OTHER DETAILS- |
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Number of Flower Petals |
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Flower Shape - Simple |
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Natural Arrange-ments |
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Herbaceous Perennial Name Index The respective flower colour and thumbnail, months of flowering, form, height and width, foliage colour and thumbnail, use and comments are in the relevant index page Evergreen Perennial Name Index |
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UK Peony Index :- |
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Perennials & Ephemerals chapter of Plants for Dry Gardens by Jane Taylor. Published by Frances Lincoln Limited in 1993. ISBN 0-7112-0772-0 for plants that are drought tolerant. |
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Rock |
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Perennials for Ground Covering in Shade and 3 |
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Colour All The Year in My Garden by C.H. Middleton. Published by Ward, Lock & Co. for culture. Perennials The Gardener's Reference by Susan Carter, Carrie Becker and Bob Lilly. Published by Timber Press in 2007 for plants for Special Gardens. It also gives details of species and cultivars for each genus. |
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Herbaceous Perennial Form |
Prostrate or Trailing |
Cushion or Mound-forming |
Spreading or Creeping |
Stemless. Sword-shaped Leaves |
Erect or Upright |
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Herbaceous Perennial Use |
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Back of Border, Alley, and Too Tall for Words Special Garden |
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Herbaceous Perennial in Soil |
Clay + |
Peat + |
Any + |
+ Herbac-eous Perennials in Pages in Plants |
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Peony Use |
HERBACEOUS AND ALPINE PERENNIAL WITH ITS |
FOLIAGE COLOUR |
SEED/FRUIT COLOUR FLOWER BED PICTURES |
Starting with the data in Garden Style followed by Infill Plants, then you can refine your plant list from the remaining galleries in this cell:- |
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PERENNIAL |
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HERBACEOUS PERENNIAL Gallery with 7 Flower Colours (Red, Pink and Purple on same page) per Month in Colour Wheel. Click on Black or White box in Colour of Month. |
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To compare As from March 2020, this HERB-PERENN gallery also compares the Herbaceous Perennials from the MIXED BORDER DESIGN Topic. |
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HERBACEOUS PERENNIAL INDEX -
The variety of plants that can be used in alpine gardening is obviously very large and very bewildering at first approach. With a view to easing the task of selection here are lists The standard potting and seed-soil recipes from The Propagation of Alpines by Lawrence D. Hills are at the bottom of the page on Alpine - Sink and Trough Gardens. |
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with 7 Flower Colours - Blue, White, Yellow, Green for Unusual, Red, Orange and Pink per Month in Colour Wheel below. Click on Black or White box in Colour of Month. |
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The Herbaceous Perennials in this gallery are not compared with other Herbaceous Perennials in the HERBACEOUS PERENNIAL GALLERY, but they are compared with each other in the Mixed Border Garden Design Gallery using the above 7 Flower Colours per month Wheel. FLOWER COLOUR RANGE IN 71 PARTS OF RHS WISLEY MIXED BORDER DURING After reviewing the situation in the |
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Red = |
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Wet Soil |
Moist Soil |
Dry Soil |
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Flowering Months range abbreviates month Click on centre of thumbnail to move from this page to the The Comments Row of that Plant Description |
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Ivydene Gardens Herbaceous Perennials and Alpine Herbaceous Perennials Gallery:
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Herbaceous Perennial |
Flower Colour |
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Flowering 
Months 
 with Flower Shape details |
Height x Width in inches (cms) - 1 inch = 2.5 cms, 12 inches = 1 foot = 30 cms, 36 inches = 3 feet = 1 yard = 90 cms, 40 inches = 100 cms Seed Head Thumbnail |
Foliage Colour |
Comments |
Herbaceous Perennial |
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Alpine Herbaceous Perennial if Text Background is Blue |
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Evergreen or Semi-Evergreen Perennial |
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Pale Pink |
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Clump-forming Form |
24-48 x 48 |
Round, lobed and coarsely toothed dark Green, up to 24 inches across, leaves unfurl in June on leaf-stalks to 4 feet long. Foliage turns Copper-Red in the autumn before falling off |
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White, all |
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Clump-forming Form |
60 x 18 |
Green |
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All Diascias have Sprays of spur-shaped, 4 petal, 2 spurs at the back flowers:- They prefer Dry or Moist Sandy free-draining loam, then soil on Chalk in Full Sun. Use as Exotic ground cover, in Hanging Baskets, Window Boxes, Patio Pot to trail over the edge. Also, plant at edge of herbaceous bed as bedding or within a rock garden. Companion plant these apricot, pink, coral, lilac, red or white flowers of diascias with
I sent Christine Boulby an email in December 2012 and this was her reply:- 
Sadly, I gave up my collection of diascias some time ago, for personal reasons, so if and when I do update the site, it will be to remove all of the diascia information there. If you want to use any of it, feel free. No charge, just let me know what you do with it and give me credit for my work." from Diascias etc by Christine Boulby.
"Although diascias flower for months in Britain they have a much shorter flowering season in their native land because they are pollinated by a different species of bee: Bees from the genus Rediviva (native to southern Africa) have extra long forelegs, and this allows them to reach the spurs of the flowers in order to collect a fatty oil produced by the glands. The legs of the bee soak up the oil, rather like a sponge, and pollen is transferred to the body of the bee during this process. The flowers are then pollinated and fade. Our native bees have shorter legs and so fail to pollinate the flowers." from The Telegraph. Incidentally, once Diascias do produce seed, they stop flowering. So perhaps it's just as well for those of us who like the flowers to last (and last) that our local bees aren't up to the job.
"Stuart Lowen, marketing manager, Ball Colegrave, Oxfordshire “Diascia is susceptible to Botrytis, so avoid high humidity and wet foliage. When the plants are young, allow the media to dry slightly between watering. " from Diascia by Graham Clark on Thursday 26 July 2007 Horticulture Week.
"Young, vig-orous plants produce the best displays. When flow-ering ceases, most diascias can be encour-aged to flower again if trimmed back and given extra fertiliser and water." from Diascia by Graham Clark on Thursday 26 July 2007 Horticulture Week. "Diascia is actually a short-lived perennial, but is often treated as an annual. The hardiness of the plants is yet to be fully determined. I have had plants blooming outside until Thanksgiving in my Zone 5 garden through several light frosts. When a hard freeze threatens, I bring them into an unheated but above-freezing porch, where they go semi-dormant. They revive in the spring, put on a flush of growth and go back to flowering. I think they might survive winter much like snap-dragons if mulched in Zone 7 and above, maybe even Zone 6. Otherwise, winter the plants indoors or discard like annuals. They will bloom right through light frosts. Sow the seed six to eight weeks before your last frost indoors. It needs light to germin-ate, so just press seeds lightly into sterile medium. Keep moist and germin-ation should take place in about 20 days." from 2bseeds. |
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Deep Pink |
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Mat-forming Form |
6 x 20 |
Pale Green. |
Can be distinguished from other species by two distinct separate yellow windows in the throat of the flower. Water in dry periods. Dead-head regularly. |
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June, July, August, September, October Mat-forming |
12 x 12 |
Pale Green |
The flower is two-lipped and five-lobed. The lower lip is large and rounded, curving in at the tip, with two patches of tiny, dark, spotty glands. The upper lip is four-lobed; the lateral ones are larger, while the top two are joined with a widening yellow patch up their shared area. |
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Water-melon Pink |
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June, July, August, September, October |
10 x 12 |
Small arrow shaped, lightly serrated Dark Green |
Cultivar bred by Hector Harrison. Upright habit, red open flowers in abundance. |
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Apricot or Pink |
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June, July, August, September, October Mat-forming |
10 x 20 |
The dark green leaves are shaped like narrow hearts to 3/4 - 1 1/4 inches long (1.8-3.1 cms) |
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Profusion of Pink |
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May, June, July, August, September, October Trailing |
8 x 12 |
Bright yellow and green variegated foliage. Foliage edged in yellow. |
Protected by Plant Breeders Rights. Variegated version of Diascia barberae 'Ruby Field'. |
Foliage edged in yellow. Trailing habit, good in baskets. Hardy plant in Rock Garden |
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Diascia 'Coral Belle' |
The only coral coloured diascia in distri-bution. |
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June, July, August, September, October Mat-forming |
4-20 x 4-20 (10-50 x 10-50) |
Bright Deep Green |
Bred by Hector Harrison and Protected by Plant Breeders Rights. The only coral coloured diascia in distribution. Orangy-red flowers atop rich deep green foliage. |
Looks good in hanging baskets. |
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Rose-Pink |
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June, July, August, September, October Creeping |
10-15 x 40 (25-38 x 100) |
Mid Green |
Flowers have a 'moustache' of dark glands in a straight line on the lower lobe directly under the stamens. Its stolons will penetrate the tiniest cracks and roam up to three feet (36 inches = 90 cms). |
They are excellent for use in containers but need good drainage. |
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Ruby-Pink |
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June, July, August, September, October Mat-forming |
12 x 20 |
Narrow and willowly Green. They are excellent for use in containers, but need good drainage. |
This plant was one of Hector's first crosses and is named for him. He had had it in his garden several years before we were shown it, so it has stood the test of time. Bushy habit. |
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White |
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June, July, August, September, October Mat-forming |
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Bred by Hector Harrison using D. integerrima 'Blush' and other plants. |
Has a nice neat bushy habit and lovely white flowers. |
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Mauve-Pink |
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June, July, August, September, October Clump-forming |
18 x 30 |
Dark Green Cut back in winter for fresh growth. By far the toughest performer in this novel genus of everblooming wildflowers. |
A hardy, wiry plant. |
Super for spilling out from the front of the bed or rock garden & enormously popular as a container subject, this tough perennial likes full to part sun in hottest areas, & humus rich, well-drained soil. |
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White flowers age pale pink, long stems |
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June, July, August Mat-forming |
6 x 20 |
Slender Pale Green leaves |
White form of Diascia integerrima. |
Best grown in the garden where it will populate a large area over 2 to 3 years. Flowers later in the season (July/August here). Will tolerate the driest of dry places and has survived temperatures as low as -10C here in Northum-berland. |
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Salmon-Pink |
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May, June, July, August, September, October Mat-forming |
8 x 16 |
Pale Green |
Bred by Hector Harrison. |
Has lovely large pale orange flowers and grows very well in containers. |
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Small lavender-pink flowers deepen-ing at the center. The spurs are insign-ificant. Floriferous. |
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June, July, August, September, October Mat-forming |
8 x 18 |
Dark Green, narrow serrated foliage |
Bred by Hector Harrison and introduced the same year as D. 'Lilac Belle'. Small dark green leaves with loads of little lilac flowers all summer. |
Good in baskets. |
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Flowers that change from Lilac to Pink |
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June, July, August Mat-forming |
6-8 x ? Compact growing variety. Remove old flowers to encourage fresh ones. Good for pots and containers. Needs good drainage to come through the winter. |
Deep Green |
Origin unknown. Bright pink flowers on nice deep green foliage. |
Good in baskets. |
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Diascia 'Lucy' |
Spray of short Spur-shaped Apricot 4 Petal Flower and a bruise colored blotch in the upper bonnet |
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June, July, August, September, October Mat-forming |
8-10 x 12 (20-25 x 30) |
Dark Green |
Bred by Hector Harrison. Easily distinguished from other cultivars by a terminal flower on a raceme that is a buttercup-shaped flower - ie it does not have spurs or a 'throat'.Very jolly apricot flowers. |
Neat grower and good as spot plant in front of border. |
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The ruby-pink flowers are excellent with dark blue aga-panthus, purple dahlias or fluffy penni-setums. |
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May, June, July, August, September, October, November Upright |
48 x 30 |
Bright Green. At Great Dixter they use D. personata with the green and cream vertically striped grass, Miscanthus sinensis var. condensatus 'Cosmo-politan' to great effect. |
Amazing upright Diascia, with stiff woody self-supporting long flower stems of 36 inches ((0 cms), that support flowers for months on end. |
Amazing upright Diascia. |
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(Diascia 'Hecrace', Diascia 'Red Ace Twinspur') |
Cherry Pink |
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June, July, August, September, October Mat-forming |
10-14 x 12-24 |
Deepest Green heart shaped foliage. In the USA it is one of the best small plants for winter colour, rivaled only by the perennial Nemesias. Cut back to ground level whenever in need of a tidy up. |
Bred by Hector Harrison and protected by Plant Breeders Rights. One of the reddest flowered diascias around, and on some of the deepest green foliage it is a stunner. |
Survives a good deal of dryness, and ideal for baskets. |
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Thick stems crowded with dense racemes of Pale Pink flowers |
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May, June, July Trailing |
12 x 36 |
Pale Green Straggly plants can be cut back hard to encourage a neat habit and prolonged flowering. |
Disting-uished from other species by a yellow 'median keel' of glands on the lower lobe of the flower. This photo shows its with Cistus ladanifer. A lovely combination. |
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Diascia barberae 'Ruby Field' |
Pink
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April, May, June, July, August, September, October Mat-forming |
10 x 24 |
Green |
Bred by John Kelly and introduced in 1971. Although he gave details of the cross he made to create it, we are not sure of the species he actually had due to name problems. |
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Deep Pink flowers on wiry trailing stems |
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May, June, July, August, September, October Upright |
10 x 18 |
Green |
Bred by Rupert Lambert. Plant has upright habit and reddish flowers. |
Plant has upright habit. |
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Salmon-Pink (Apricot) |
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May, June, July, August, September, October Upright |
8 x 24 |
Dark Green |
Bred by Hector Harrison. When I first saw it I was at Beth Chatto's gardens in Cambridge-shire. One of the first apricot coloured diascias to appear on the market in the UK and has been popular ever since. |
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Has tight purple racemes of flowers |
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June, July, August, September, October Upright |
6 x 12 |
Very lush dark Green foliage |
Bred by Hector Harrison and protected by Plant Breeders Rights. Although this diascia is one of his first successes, it remains a firm favourite of mine. Has tight purple racemes of flowers on very lush dark green foliage. |
Superb in hanging baskets. |
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Rich Pink |
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June, July, August, September, October Spreading |
8 x 18 |
Dark Green |
It is a delicate and airy spreader with subdued pink flowers. One of the hardiest. Joy Creek Nurseries have used this at the edge of a border near their parking lot and customers are immediately drawn to it. A little midsummer shearing keeps it neat and blooming through the end of the growing season. Often sold as Diascia elegans. |
It is a spreader. One of the hardiest. Use this at the edge of a border. |
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White |
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Spreading or Creeping Form |
18 x 30 |
Mid-Green |
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Pale Pink spotted in Rose, Pink and White |
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Erect Form |
24-36 x 20 |
Velvety, hairy, oval to |
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Creamy-Yellow-Green |
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May, June, July, August |
80 x 40 |
Mid Green |
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So, What is a Perennial? "A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years. The term (per- + -ennial, "through the years") is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. The term is also widely used to distinguish plants with little or no woody growth from trees and shrubs, which are also technically perennials.
So what is a Herbaceous Perennial?
I am using the contents from "Landscaping with Perennials by Emily Brown. 5th printing 1989 by Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-063-0 for planting sites for perennials, which include most plant types except Annuals and Biennials". She does actually use some annuals and perhaps biennials. Hopefully she is only using Herbaceous Perennials (with no persistent woody stems above ground), Evergreen Perennials, subshrubs, ferns, bulbs, annuals and grasses. Perhaps she may have left out trees and shrubs. |
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Ivydene Gardens Herbaceous Perennials and Alpine Herbaceous Perennials Gallery: The following perennial plants (which are not Shrubs or Trees) detailed in these books are in the relevant page of Plants Topic:-
If I find, that I have further details like photos of these extra plants from my other Website Folders, then I will insert that information (16 March 2021). |
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Herbaceous Perennial -
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Flower Colour |
Flower Thumb-nail |
Flowering 
Months 
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Height x Width in inches (cms) - 1 inch = 2.5 cms, 12 inches = 1 foot = 30 cms, 36 inches = 3 feet = 1 yard = 90 cms, 40 inches = 100 cms Seed Head Thumbnail |
Foliage Colour |
Comments |
Herbaceous Perennial |
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Alpine Herbaceous Perennial if Text Background is Blue |
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Evergreen or Semi-Evergreen Perennial |
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Dictamnus albus |
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Burning bush, dittany. Herbaceous Perennial on Chalk, alkaline Soil in Sun. |
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The above encyclopedias by the Alpine Garden Society describe 1000 genera of all alpine plants in cultivation, as well as many found in the wild but not yet in cultivation. All have rock garden or alpine house potential and the larger plants can be used in herbaceous borders. From page Viii of Volume One:- By general agreement, rock and alpine plants are thought to be small, often with a hummock, mat or tufted habit and often less than 12-15 inches (30-38 cms) tall. However, anyone who has visited a mountain region will know that not all the plants seen there necessarily fit into this handy definition; larger perennials and shrubs may sometimes be seen cheek by jowl with the hummocks and mats. A visit into any large rock garden, such as those of the well known botanic gardens at Kew and Edinburgh reveals a similar mixture and it is this larger concept that is used here. In general 24 inches (60 cms) in height and 39 inches (98 cms) spread has been taken as the maximum, but at the same time some potentially larger plants are included, for example the large yellow gentian found in the Alps and Pyrenees, Gentiana lutea, or the stately giant rhubarb of the Himalaya, Rheum nobile; both large plants but indisputably alpine." The Alpine - Herbaceous Perennials that have Plant Descriptions in this website can be linked to in the Alpine - Herbaceous Perennial Index in each page of this Gallery. |
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This shows you that the Index for the Herbaceous Perennials is split into 9 sections as detailed on the Alpine / Herbaceous Perennial Index Pages:-
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Ivydene Gardens Herbaceous Perennials and Alpine Herbaceous Perennials Gallery: The following perennial plants (which are not Shrubs or Trees) detailed in these books are in the relevant page of Plants Topic:-
If I find, that I have further details like photos of these extra plants from my other Website Folders, then I will insert that information (16 March 2021). |
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Plant Name Major source of honey in the UK Yes/No |
Type The key ingredients a bird needs from your garden are |
Height x Spread in inches (cms) Spacing distance between plants of same species in inches (cms) |
Foliage Some poisonous herbaceous and alpine perennials are indicated, but there are others in Cultivated Poisonous Plants and |
Flower Colour in Month(s). Use Pest Control using Plants to provide a Companion Plant to aid your selected herbaceous or alpine perennial or deter its pests |
Comments and Use United States Department of Agriculture Pruning of |
Alpine Herbaceous Perennial if Text Background is Blue |
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Evergreen or Semi-Evergreen Perennial |
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