Ivydene Gardens Stage 2 - Infill2 Plants Index Gallery:
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Ivydene Gardens Stage 2 - Infill2 Plants Index Gallery:
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Botanical Plant Name with link to |
Flower Colour Sun Aspect of Full Sun, with link to external website for photo/data |
Flowering Months with link to |
Height with Spacings or Width (W) in inches (cms) 1 inch = |
Foliage Colour followed by with link to Australia or New Zealand mail-order supplier
with data for rows in |
Plant Type is:-
followed by:-
with links to |
Comments |
Adjacent Planting |
Plant Associations It is sad to reflect that in England so few gardens open to the public label their plants or label them so that the label is visible when that plant is in flower, so that visitors can identify; and then later locate and purchase that plant. Few mail-order nurseries provide the detail as shown in my rose or heather galleries. If you want to sell a product, it is best to display it. When I sold my Transit van, I removed its signage, cleaned it and took photos of the inside and outside before putting them onto an advert in Autotrader amongst more than 2000 other Transit vans - it was sold in 20 minutes. If mail-order nurseries could put photos to the same complexity from start of the year to its end with the different foliage colours and stages of flowering on Wikimedia Commons, then the world could view the plant before buying it, and idiots like me would have valid material to work with. I have been in the trade (until ill health forced my Sole Trader retirement in 2013) working in designing, constructing and maintaining private gardens for decades and since 2005 when this site was started, I have asked any nursery in the world to supply photos. R.V. Roger in Yorkshire allowed me to use his photos from his website in 2007 and when I got a camera to spend 5 days in July 2014 at my expense taking photos of his roses growing in his nursery field, whilst his staff was propagating them. I gave him a copy of those photos. |
Amaryllis |
The amaryllis comes in many beautiful varieties including various shades of red, white, pink, salmon and orange. There are also many striped and multicolored varieties, usually combining shades of pink or red with white. |
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Bu |
The only really hardy Amaryliss is Amaryllis belladonna, the Belladonna Lily, which is a very effective plant with silvery rose flowers in late summer or early autumn |
The leaves appear in spring, and as the flowers come after these have withered, the Belladonna Lily should have some carpeting plant above the bulbs. It is quite hardy if planted in a warm, sunny position, near a wall, and the tops of the bulbs at least 6 inches (15 cms) below the surface. |
It is safer to put some dry leaves or other light material over the bulbs in severe winters, removing this when the leaves come through. It also makes a good pot plant. The form major is even finer. |
Amaryllis belladonna is Belladonna Lily, Naked-Lady-Lily Belladonna is a Latin epithet meaning beautiful lady. |
The Full Sun |
Sep-Nov |
24 x 4 |
Dark Green |
Bu In South Africa the plants are found growing amongst rocks. Moderately fertile, well-drained soil or in loam-based compost, such as John Innes no2, with additional leaf mould and sharp sand |
A gorgeous autumn-flowering bulb producing long purple or purple-green stems topped with massive funnel-shaped, scented pink flowers. The long fleshy, strap-like leaves are produced after flowering. It looks lovely when grown in pots on the patio, or in milder climates in the middle of a warm, sunny border. The bulbs are best planted just below the surface of the soil, with the neck of the bulb level with the surface. In colder climates mulching or lifting and overwintering is required. The bulbs may be propagated from offsets. Amaryllis bulbs require little watering and are drought tolerant. |
During the growing season water frequently and feed every month with a balanced liquid fertiliser, keep dry over winter. |
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Anthericum |
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Bu |
Some of the hardy plants cultivated in gardens as Anthericums are now in 1901 included by botanists in other genera, but they will be more conveniently dealt together under their popular names in gardens. Several of these are very ornamental plants, with handsome spikes of beautiful flowers. They grow well in common soil, not too dry, and are best planted in autumn (I like to plant in the autumn so that the roots can grow during the winter and to be able to provide the water and nourishment for the new foliage in the spring) or spring, at which times they may be divided when desired. |
Anthericum liliago, St Bernard's Lily, grows about 18 inches (45 cm) high, and has pretty white flowers from May. There is a larger form called Anthericum liliago major. Anthericum ramosum (syn. graminifolium), is pretty also, though the flowers are smaller than those of Anthericum Liliago. It flowers in June, and has white blooms on stems about 24 inches (60 cms) high, and narrow leaves. Hookeri, whose proper name is Bulbinella Hookeri, is a good plant for a moist border, and has nice yellow flowers in summer. But, plants only succeed outdoors in the mildest areas of Britain, they are hardy to about -5°c, tolerating light short-lived frosts, so I have transferred it to the Half-Hardy Bulbs. |
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Anthericum liliago is St Bernard's Lily The specific epithet liliago means lily-like or lily-carrier. Like many plants whose common names include "lily", it is not closely related to the true lilies. |
Lily-like, star-shaped white flowers Full Sun |
May-Jun Though attractive and can be left, remove faded flower spikes to prevent self-seeding. |
36 x 12 |
Long, narrow, grey-green Moist, well-drained soil. |
Bu Grows in dry pastures, stony places and open woods Best in rich light soil. |
It is a vigorous, clump-forming, herbaceous flowering perennial with tuberous roots, 60–90 cm (2.0–3.0 ft) high, with leaves narrowly linear, 12–40 cm (4.7–15.7 in). and producing racemes of 6-10 lily-like white flowers in Spring and Summer. Best grown in well drained soil in a sunny position. It can be propagated by seed (May take three years to flower if grown by seed)or by division of the rootstock every 3 to 4 years. Slow starter but forms large clumps with time. USDA Zone 6. Use for flower arranging and to be naturalised in turf. |
In a mixed border Anthericum liliago associates superbly with shrubs that have dark-coloured foliage, such as Sambucus nigra 'Black Beauty' and Cotinus 'Grace'. These provide the perfect backdrop against which to enjoy the clouds of small white flowers. It can also look good with low grasses, especially Deschampsia cespitosa cultivars, and rising out of plants with low mounded foliage, such as geraniums and heucheras. Anthericum liliago is superb when naturalised in grass with a mixture of native and exotic bulbs and perennials. Along with understated narcissus cultivars ('Hawera' is a beautifully simple flower), it will sit well with Camassia cusickii, Allium sphaerocephalon and, for later colour, Liatris spicata. Maintenance of this kind of planting is quite straightforward: cut down the lot with a scythe, shears or mower on a high setting in late summer, then lightly top the grass throughout winter when conditions allow. However, stop all work before Christmas in order to avoid damaging the emerging plants. |
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Anthericum liliastrum, Paradisea liliastrum, Czackia Liliastrum is St Bruno's Lily |
Lily-like, trumpet-shaped pure white, green-spotted flowers Full Sun, |
Jun |
20-40 x 4-20 |
Greyish-Green grassy leaves Moist, well-drained soil |
Bu Sand, Chalk |
Paradisea liliastrum is a clump-forming herbaceous perennial to 60cm in height, with greyish-green grassy leaves and erect stems bearing racemes of lily-like pure white flowers 4-6cm in length in early summer. Deadhead after flowering to maintain vigour and then cut back to base in winter. |
It is necessary to mulch Paradise lilies in the autumn and to feed them in the spring with fertiliser. They like a moist soil so regular watering is recommended if growing Paradise Lilies. If you require more plants then Paradisea can be propagated by division in the springtime. |
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Anthericum ramosum , Anthericum graminifolium is Branched St Bernard's-lily |
The flower spikes are branched (hence the Latin name ramosus), unlike Anthericum liliago. The six tepals are white, 10–13 millimetres (0.4–0.5 in) long, as are the six stamens. The flower is scentless and pure white, the anthers are bright yellow. Full Sun |
Jun-Aug |
18-24 x 24 |
Narrow, grey- green leaves Dry well-drained, sand or chalk Soil |
Bu These plants grow in sunny areas and calcareous (chalky) soils, on semiarid grasslands, slopes and forest edges. |
Can self-sow rather too freely in gardens. May take three years to flower if grown by seed. Can also be naturalised in turf. Grow in any fertile, well-drained soil in full sun. Ideally, soil should be moist but well-drained in summer and well-drained in winter. |
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Antholyzas |
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Bu |
Antholyzas are effective plants allied to the Gladiolus and Crocosma, and look very striking in the border. Several are hardy in the greater portion of the United Kingdom in 1901 if planted about 3 inches (7.5 cm) deep and covered the first winter with about 2 inches (5 cm) of coco-nut fibre. One of the best is Antholyza paniculata, which has scarlet and yellow flowers and blooms in autumn. It has handsome leaves, and grows about 36 inches (90 cms) high. They can also be grown in pots for the conservatory. |
Antholyza is a former genus in the family Iridaceae with species that were mainly similar in their flowers which are adapted to pollination by sunbirds. The numerous flowers were mostly orange to red with long curved perianth tubes and unequal segments. As the various species were studied, they were assigned to different genera including Babiana, Chasmanthe, Crocosmia, Gladiolus, and Tritoniopsis:-
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Antholyza paniculata became Crocosmia paniculata which is Aunt Eliza |
Late to flower, long tubular, orange-brown flowers on held sideways in opposite directions on tall zig-zag stems. Forms a large clump. Full Sun, |
Aug-Sep |
48-60 x 18 |
Lanceolate green leaves Moist in spring but well-drained |
Bu Grows in wet areas by streams, marshes, and drainages. |
Thrives in moisture retentive soil. Plant the corms at least 4 inches (10cm) deep and split the clump every 3-4 years to ensure a good supply of flowers (See Cultivation Guide). |
Our Crocosmia are supplied in 9cm pots which contain 1 to 3 corms, dependant on the variety. Each corm should produce 3 or more growing shoots in a season, and each shoot will then go on to form a new corm the following season. A single 9cm pot should form a good sized clump in 2-3 years. For a more 'instant' clump we suggest that you plant three 9cm pots of the same variety close to each other. Trecanna Nursery in Cornwall also provide talks to gardening clubs in South West England. |
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Antholyza aethiopica became Chasmanthe aethiopica which is Cobra Lily |
Orange, tubular trumpet-shaped flowers Full Sun |
Apr-Jun |
16-26 x |
Sword-shaped and soft-textured flat mid green leaves |
Bu Grows in coastal bush and along the edges of forest patches, mainly in clay soils. Its coastal habit means that it rarely experiences extreme climatic conditions in nature and will not withstand temperatures much below freezing. |
Pollinated by sunbirds. It is a lovely species for underplanting beneath deciduous trees, where it can be left to run free. Its attractive flowers appear in winter before the trees leaf out and contrast beautifully against the fallen leaves. Plants should be left undisturbed for optimum flowering. Potted plants benefit from light fertilizing in the growing period. The species does best in milder climates and is not hardy below -5° C. Its early growth and flowering mean that it is seldom prey to the insect pests that attack later-growing bulbs. |
Perhaps this is best grown in greenhouses in the UK. |
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Antholyza spicata became Tritoniopsis antholyza is Karkar reed-pipe |
Tubular salmon pink to red flowers in a dense spike. Full Sun |
Jun-Oct |
36 x |
3 to 6 sword-shaped, leathery green leaves Dry |
Bu It is found on rocky sandstone slopes |
South Africa has a rich botanical heritage. Operation Wildflower is an association of plant lovers who save plants which are destined to be destroyed when development transforms a piece of natural vegetation into a township, road, dam, mine, etc. They collect and replant them on their own properties. |
Tritoniopsis is a species in the Iridaceae family that is found mostly in the southwestern Cape of South Africa, most often growing in sandstone soils in fynbos. Most of the species are summer flowering, flowering when the leaves are dry and withered. Many of them are triggered into flower by fire. besides Bulbs Gallery and its other photo galleries, it has a General plant gallery of 6,109 images. |
Perhaps this one is best in a conservatory. |
Apios |
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The only plant of the genus in cultivation is Apios tuberosa known in 1901, the Ground Nut, a hardy North American plant of climbing habit, with sweet-scented purple flowers in August. It is hardy in a sunny, sheltered position, and should be planted 3 inches (7.5 cms) deep in rich soil in late autumn or spring. |
The term "Apios" comes from the Greek word for "pear" and may refer the pear shape of some tubers. It has the following species:-
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Apios tuberosa became Apios americana which is American Ground Nut Apios americana is broadly native to eastern and central North America, from Quebec to Florida and as far west as eastern Colorado. |
Sweet-scented purple Full Sun , |
Aug-Sep |
48 x |
Mid Green Moist Soil, given its stream- and pond-side preference, Apios is not particularly drought-tolerant. |
Bu Sandy, loamy, chalky well-drained soil. |
The only place in the world today where American groundnut are commercially farmed in any significant quantities is in Japan. Indeed, for centuries Apios americana was a staple in the cooked diets of many Native Americans, which explains why it grows profusely where they once encamped. Almost every part of the plant is edible — shoots, flowers, the seeds that grow in pods like peas, but, most importantly, the tubers. |
Use in sunny edge of woodland garden. Slender stems twine through and up any available structure, from adjacent shrubs and sturdy perennials, to strings, trellising, or harvested branches that you poke into the soil. Apios is nothing if not opportunistic, and cultivation is usually a matter more of control than of encouragement. |
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Arisaemas are Cobra Lilies |
What is an Aroid? Aroid is the common name for members of the Araceae family of plants, sometimes known as the Philodendron or Arum family. The occasionally beautiful and often bizarre combination of spathe and spadix called the inflorescence, sometimes referred to as a "flower", is a distinguishing feature of all aroids. For further details consult the International Aroid Society about Arisaemas |
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Bu |
These single, Arum-like plants grow in rather sandy soil, and prefer partial shade. The hardy species are Arisaema ringens (Syns praecox and Sieboldi), which has green, white, and purple flowers in spring; and triphylla, which has green and brown spathes in June and July. They are increased by seeds or division, and are best planted either early in autumn or in spring.
One of the most important considerations is to protect Arisaema from harsh, drying sunlight. Arisaema that are planted in full sun will almost certainly end up with scorched, crispy leaves. This will cause it to prematurely die back, which in turn does not allow enough food reserves to build up in the tuber for decent growth the following year. |
Cool, dappled shade that is protected from the intense mid-day sun is perfect. Areas under the canopy of spreading trees are often ideal provided that the ground is not bone dry, packed full of tree roots and that the correct soil conditions are met (see below). Any area that is shaded, and that does not bake too hot and dry is a candidate for planting Arisaema. Soil Type: Arisaema tubers are very susceptible to rot if left in poorly drained soil, and once rot has set in, it quickly destroys the tuber. The soil should be moist, but free draining and porous (ie – plenty of air spaces within it). Incorporating leaf mould into the soil will go a long way to improving the soil structure. In the wild, some of the genuine woodland species are found growing in accumulated leaf mould and pine needles in the forest understory. |
It is often stated that by adding a layer of grit or sharp sand into the bottom of the planting hole, the drainage will be improved. Having experimented with this, I am not so sure that it works! Some growers state that the grit can cut into the tuber as it grows, causing damage which in turn leads to rotting. A mix of leaf mould and composted bark would perhaps be kinder to the tubers, but best of all is to thoroughly prepare the soil area as a whole before planting. If the soil is suitable there should be no need for further drainage. Certainly, do not use small grained sand, such as builders sand – this can compact together and form a ‘pan’ at the bottom of the hole which actually encourages water to collect! Despite being fussy with their drainage requirements, Arisaema are not choosy when it comes to soil pH. Either alkaline or Ericaceous soil is just fine although I would avoid extremes. |
Arisaema ringens |
Rich chocolatey brown Full Sun, |
Jun-Aug |
19-24 x |
Semi-glossy leaves are mid greyish-green with greyish undersides, trifoliate and with grey and brown petioles. Moist, well-drained soil |
Bu |
A reliable species which is said to be almost evergreen in milder parts of the country. Leaves and flowers rise simultaneously in early spring with the two or three leaves protecting the flower as it unfolds. The leaves are mid greyish-green with greyish undersides, trifoliate and with grey and brown petioles. The flowers are hooded to an extreme, the outer being greenish-grey, the inner is a chocolatey brown colour. this species has extremely long lived flowers - possibly the longest lived of the whole genus. The whole plant looks good well into autumn. |
Edrom Nurseries is just starting to gain a good collection of these wonderful Chinese, Indian and Japanese woodlanders. Pot Cultivation If arisaema are grown in pots, it is suggested that the pot diameter be at least four to five times the diameter of the tuber. Fertilization and watering need to be more carefully monitored than for garden grown plants. Winter storage must also be watched carefully. Tubers will not usually tolerate being frozen through. Since yearly repotting is advised, unpotting the tubers and storing them in a slightly damp peat mixture in a refrigerator bag, at 35-40 degees F, may be the best idea. |
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Arisaema dracontium is dragon-root, green dragon |
During flowering in spring, a single slender, green spathe 3–6 centimetres (1.2–2.4 in) long is produced; it covers a tapering, long thin spadix. The tail-like spadix grows out around the top of its spathe. After flowering, up to 150 berries are produced in a club-shaped column. In late summer, the green berries turn orange-red, each berry produces 1 to 3 seeds. The white flowers are very small, with no petals or sepals.
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Apr-Jun |
Plants grow 20–50 centimetres (7.9–19.7 in) tall when in bloom and after flowering reach 100 centimetres (39 in), and each grows from a corm. |
A plant produces one green leaf with a long petioles, its leaf is composed of 7 to 13 leaflets, with its central leaflet being the largest one and with leaflets becoming smaller as they are produced distally, the leaflets are held out horizontally over the plant. Moist Soil |
Bu Grows in damp woods in rich, slightly acidic soil |
Greendragon was once a medicinal and ritual plant of the Menominee tribe of Wisconsin. The root was used in sacred bundles to encourage second sight in dreams. The calcium oxalate raphides in its tissues disrupt cells and cause an extreme burning sensation. POISONOUS PARTS: All parts. Symptoms include irritation and swelling of lips, tongue, and throat. Toxic Principle - Calcium oxalate crystals and other toxins. Grows well in moist conditions along streams or ponds. Combine with hostas which will continue to fill the space in summer when these plants go dormant. |
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Arum - more details about the species in the Arum genus are provided by the International Aroid Society, Inc with its 17 articles on Arums from Back Issues of Aroideana The Arum Wildflower Family has other hardy Arums to consider for use in the UK including Arum maculatum. From Ben Candlin - The Aroid Specialist "Over the past few years we have been establishing a growing collection of Arum species. The species listed for sale here are only a small selection of the species in our cultivation. We raise our plants from seed and offset division. Arum plants do not travel well in the post when in growth, so we only send them out as dormant tubers. These are available mid-late summer through to late autumn." |
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Bu |
The favourite flower which bears the name of Lily of the Nile, or Arum Lily, is not an Arum, and will be found spoken of as Richardia africana (Zantedeschia aethiopica), but there a few true Arums which may be grown for their singularity, if not for the beauties they reveal to those who examine them carefully. The hardy species like a rich, rather sandy soil, with plenty of moisture in it. They should not be planted the first season until spring, but may afterwards be left in the open ground.
are all hardy. |
The following website is extremely thorough in many ways in describing wildflowers in the UK and I found it when looking for info on Arum maculatum:- Wildflower Identification Guide This resource for wild flowers occurring in the UK is searchable by colour, month, habitat, number of petals, flower symmetry and all manner of other parameters by which identification of a flower may be narrowed down. It includes 1000's of photographs. Plus the structural formulae of hundreds of plant compounds: dyes, herbs, poisons, pharmaceuticals, smells, etc. There is also a wealth of extra information and other resources at hand. Make sure you stretch the site out horizontally such that you can see the fourth column entitled 'SUBJECT INDEX'. If the site is too wide to fit on your screen, an alternative is to invoke the 'scale view' option present on all good web-browsers, and adjust it to something less than 100%. TEMPERATURE EFFECTS Recent research seems to indicate that, plants, on average, can spread at about 0.7km per year, but because of Global Warming, the advancement of the temperature northwards is progressing at a rate of 1.3km per year. That is, the climate, on average, is spreading northwards faster than the average plant can keep pace. Some will win out, others will be lost, unable to keep up with the advancing climate front. In England, it was reported in 2011, the comma butterfly has moved 220km Northwards from Central England to Edinburgh in just two decades to keep cool. They can also move upwards - however, they can only keep moving upwards until they reach the summit of a hill or mountain, where they can get no higher out of the heat. They then die, or evolve. |
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Arum italicum is Italian arum and Italian lords-and-ladies |
It blooms in spring with white flowers that turn to showy red fruit. Full Sun, |
May-Jun Once the flowers appear, the leaves fade quickly and are gone by May. |
12 x 6 |
Arrow-headed Green leaves |
Bu Well-drained humus-rich soil |
Use in woodland shade gardens. The lustrous, arrow-headed foliage, which is usually quite heavily patterned appears in winter, providing a colourful, groundcovering carpet during some of the bleakest months of the year. This tends to die back in late spring, but (in sunnier spots) it is followed by greenish cream spathes. Later still spikes of bright orange-red berries add further interest. An excellent plant for naturalising in a woodland setting - the leaves tend to be larger in partial shade. |
Plant the tubers 10 deep and 15 - 20cm apart. Keep well watered during the growing season (winter and spring), but a dry summer and autumn dormancy is preferred. Some gardeners use this arum to underplant with Hosta, as they produce foliage sequentially: when the Hosta withers away, the arum replaces it in early winter, maintaining ground-cover. Numerous cultivars have been developed for garden use, of which A. italicum subsp. italicum 'Marmoratum' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. A. italicum can be invasive in some areas. |
Photos from the International Aroid Society, Inc Good companions |
Arum maculatum is snakeshead, adder's root, arum, wild arum, arum lily, lords-and-ladies, devils and angels, cows and bulls, cuckoo-pint, Adam and Eve, bobbins, naked girls, naked boys, starch-root, wake robin, friar's cowl, and jack in the pulpit. |
The flowers of this strange-looking plant form a purple-brown tubular structure which smells slightly of decay and is shielded by a pale green sheath. |
Apr-May |
14-16 x 6-9 Spaced |
The purple-spotted dark green leaves of A. maculatum appear in the spring (April–May) followed by the flowers |
Bu Lords and Ladies is a plant of relatively fertile soils found in woods and hedges. Being a deep rooting plant it is prone to waterlogging so tends to be confined to moist but well draining soils. |
Arum maculatum is cultivated as an ornamental plant in traditional and woodland shade gardens. The cluster of poisonous bright red berries standing alone without foliage can be a striking landscape accent. The mottled and variegated leaf patterns can add bright interest in darker habitats. |
Lords and Ladies will take quite a long time to grow from seed and may take 7 years to flower. This slow growth rate is in part due to the seedlings' heavy dependence upon a mycorrhizal association (fungi found in the soil that help the plant take up nutrients through its roots). Because of this seed is probably best sown where intended rather than in a pot. Sowing should take place in the autumn. Arum maculatum is a frequent sight beside tree-lined riversidepaths and shady lanes as well as on woodland edges, in scrub land and almost anywhere that is shaded and damp with nutrient-rich soil. |
Photos from the International Aroid Society, Inc Further details and more photos from wildflower.org.uk Good companions |
Purple spathe and a black spadix Full Sun, |
Apr-Jun |
32 x 24 |
Large, shiny, broad, spear-shaped green leaves |
Bu Very hardy and best in open woodland and in dry shady places. |
Large, shiny, broad, spear-shaped leaves, surround the sizeable green to purplish-brown infused spathes with a white centre which are exceptionally decorative, with their deep purple-brown spadices. This form is exceptionally long-flowering in the garden, where it is easy, hardy and readily grown. |
Is best when watered a little during the hotter months. |
Photos from the International Aroid Society, Inc |
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Arum palaestinum is black calla, Solomon's lily, Priest's Hood, Noo'ah Loof and kardi |
It blooms in the spring, by which time the plant is easily recognized by its dark purplish-black spadix enclosed by a reddish-brown spathe. Full Sun, |
Mar-Apr |
8-12 x 12 |
Seems tolerant of summer moisture or complete summer drought. |
Bu Well-drained soil |
'One of many delicious arums from the mountains of the Middle East and one that clumps for us instead of eating the garden. Winter growing with shiny, bright, 8-12” leaves and velvety, late winter flowers opening black and aging to rich, dark maroon. Seems tolerant of summer moisture or complete summer drought. Good for shade in the dry border. Intact in our garden after the December 2008 cold spell to 20 °F. We reckon cold hardiness to at least mid USDA zone 7.' is description by Cistus Nursery in America - offers planning and design as well as simple consultation for gardens ranging from the most compact balconies and courtyards to large, public gardens and commercial spaces:-
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Like other members of the Arum genus, this plant gives off a scent that attracts flies, which distribute the pollen; while most other family members smell like dung, this plant smells like rotting fruit. This black flowered Arum has a quite pleasant smell described as “similar to fermenting fruit” in Peter Boyce’s monograph. A native of Syria, Lebanon and Palestine it grows on dry hillsides and the edges of cultivated fields. It does well in our dry garden but grows twice the size in a well watered spot. |
Photos from the International Aroid Society, Inc |
Hidden among the leaves are tiny flowers, white inside with brown backs, the spathe tips extended into long thin tails which poke out among the leaves as though tiny mice had dived in, head first, to hide. Full Sun but prefers Part Shade |
Apr-May |
6 x 16 |
Shining dark green Moist Soil |
Bu Humus-rich well-drained soil in a woodland |
From shady moist slopes in the Apennines. The Mouse-tailed Arum is well named: tiny tubers increase readily beneath humus-rich soil, sending up dense clusters of small shining green leaves. Hidden among them are tiny flowers, white inside with brown backs, the spathe tips extended into long thin tails which poke out among the leaves as though tiny mice had dived in, head first, to hide. Best in shade, near the edge of a path where you can stoop to see them. May. |
Maroon and white flowers with tail-like tips hide under the leaves, resembling the back ends of mice. The flowers are long lasting in indoor arrangements. Mouse plant’s glossy spade-shaped leaves make a low groundcover until going dormant in midsummer. The early foliage makes a nice foil for spring-flowering woodland bulbs. |
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Arum sanctum |
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Arum tenuifolium |
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Asphodeline |
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These fine hardy plants are closely allied to the Asphodeluses, and may be grown in deep sandy soil with plenty of water during the growing season. The leading species are:- Asphodeline brevicaulis, yellow and green, about 12 inches (30 cms) high; Asphodeline damascena, 24 inches (60 cms) high, yellow; Asphodeline liburnica, 24 inches (60 cms) high, yellow; Asphodeline lutea (syn. Asphodelus luteus), about 48 inches (120 cms) high; its double form is desirable. Asphodeline taurica (syn. Asphodelus tauricus) has white flowers on stems about 24 inches (60 cms) high; and Asphodeline tenuior, now cretica (Asphodelus tenuior), has yellow blooms on a stem about 12 inches (30 cms) high. The most imposing of all is Asphodeline imperialis, 96 inches (240 cms), with reddish white flowers. |
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Asphodeline brevicaulis |
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Asphodeline damascena |
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Asphodeline liburnica |
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Asphodeline lutea (syn. Asphodelus luteus) |
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Asphodeline taurica (syn. Asphodelus tauricus) |
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Asphodeline tenuior, now cretica (Asphodelus tenuior) |
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Asphodeline imperialis |
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I think that when it is cold then growth below ground occurs in preference to top-growth, then when the weather warms up then the previous root growth can support the new and old top-growth during that growing season. Key results from "Root growth dynamics linked to above-ground growth in walnut (Juglans regia)" in Annals of Botany 116:49-60,2015 Root production in walnuts followed a unimodal curve, with one marked flush of root growth start- ing in mid-May, with a peak in mid-June. Root production declined later in the season, corresponding to increased soil temperature, as well as to the period of major carbohydrate allocation to reproduction. Canopy and soil moisture manipulation did not influence the timing of root production, but did influence the vertical distribution of roots through the soil profile. Water deficit appeared to promote root production in deeper soil layers for mining soil water. Canopy removal appeared to promote shallow root production. |
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STAGE 2 |
STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY PAGES Links to pages in Table alongside on the left with Garden Design Topic Pages |
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Plant Type |
STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 with its Cultivation Requirements |
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Alpines for Rock Garden (See Rock Garden Plant Flowers) |
Alpines and Walls |
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Aquatic |
Water-side Plants |
Wildlife Pond Plants |
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Annual for ----------------
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Cut Flowers |
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Scent / Fra-grance with Annuals for Cool or Shady Places from 1916 |
Low-allergen Gardens for Hay Fever Sufferers |
Annual Plant Pairing Ideas and Colour Schemes with Annuals |
Medium-Growing Annuals |
Tall-Growing Annuals with White Flowers from 1916 |
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Black or Brown Flowers |
Blue to Purple Flowers |
Green Flowers with Annuals and Biennials from 1916 |
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Vining Annuals |
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Bedding for |
Bedding for Light Sandy Soil |
Bedding for Acid Soil |
Bedding for Chalky Soil |
Bedding for Clay Soil |
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Attract-ive to Wildlife including Bees, Butterflies and Moths |
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Bedding Plant Use |
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Use in Hanging Baskets |
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Flower Simple Shape |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Use in Pots and Troughs |
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Flower Elabo-rated Shape |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
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Use in |
Use in |
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Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
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Use in Bedding Out |
Use in |
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Biennial for |
Patio Con-tainers with Biennials for Pots in Green-house / Con-servatory |
Bene-ficial to Wildlife with Purple and Blue Flowers from 1916 |
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Bulb for |
Indoor Bulbs for Sep-tember |
Bulbs in Window-boxes |
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Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type Blooming in Smallest of Gardens |
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Bulbs in Green-house or Stove |
Achi-menes, Alocasias, Amorpho-phalluses, Aris-aemas, Arums, Begonias, Bomar-eas, Calad-iums |
Clivias, |
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Hardy Bulbs
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Amaryllis, Antheri-cum, Antholy-zas, Apios, Arisaema, Arum, Aspho-deline, |
Cyclamen, Dicentra, Dierama, Eranthis, Eremurus, Ery-thrnium, Eucomis |
Fritillaria, Funkia, Gal-anthus, Galtonia, Gladiolus, Hemero-callis |
Hya-cinth, Hya-cinths in Pots, |
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Lilium in Pots, Malvastrum, Merendera, Milla, Narcissus, Narcissi in Pots |
Half-Hardy Bulbs |
Gladioli, Ixias, |
Plant each Bedding Plant with a Ground, Edging or Dot Plant for |
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Climber 3 sector Vertical Plant System with
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1b. |
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2b. |
3a. |
3c. |
Raised |
Plants for Wildlife-Use as well |
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Least prot-ruding growth when fan-trained |
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Needs Conserv-atory or Green-house |
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Climber - Simple Flower Shape |
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Climber - Elabo-rated Flower Shape |
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DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site. |
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Scented Flora of the World by Roy Genders - was first published in 1977 and this paperback edition was published on 1 August 1994 ISBN 0 7090 5440 8:- |
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I am using the above book from someone who took 30 years to compile it from notes made of his detailed observations of growing plants in preference to |
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The Propagation of Alpines by Lawrence D. Hills. Published in 1950 by Faber and Faber Limited describes every method of propagation for 2,500 species. Unlike modern books published since 1980, this one states exactly what to do and is precisely what you require if you want to increase your alpines. |
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Topic Table of this page has moved to the right hand side. |
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STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY
Cultivation Requirements of Plant |
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Outdoor / Garden Cultivation |
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Indoor / House Cultivation |
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Cool Greenhouse (and Alpine House) Cultivation with artificial heating in the Winter |
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Conservatory Cultivation with heating throughout the year |
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Stovehouse Cultivation with heating throughout the year for Tropical Plants |
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Sun Aspect |
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Soil Type |
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Soil Moisture |
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Position for Plant |
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Ground Cover 0-24 inches (0-60 cms) |
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Ground Cover 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) |
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Ground Cover Over 72 inches (180 cms) |
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1, 2, |
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Use of Plant |
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STAGE 4D Plant Foliage |
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Flower Shape |
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Number of Flower Petals |
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Flower Shape - Simple |
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Flower Shape - Elaborated |
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Natural Arrangements |
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STAGE 4D |
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Form |
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STAGE 1
Fragrant Plants adds the use of another of your 5 senses in your garden:- |
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STAGE 2 Fan-trained Shape From Rhododendrons, boxwood, azaleas, clematis, novelties, bay trees, hardy plants, evergreens : novelties bulbs, cannas novelties, palms, araucarias, ferns, vines, orchids, flowering shrubs, ornamental grasses and trees book, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Ramblers Scramblers & Twiners by Michael Jefferson-Brown (ISBN 0 - 7153 - 0942 - 0) describes how to choose, plant and nurture over 500 high-performance climbing plants and wall shrubs, so that more can be made of your garden if you think not just laterally on the ground but use the vertical support structures including the house as well. The Gardener's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Climbers & Wall Shrubs - A Guide to more than 2000 varieties including Roses, Clematis and Fruit Trees by Brian Davis. (ISBN 0-670-82929-3) provides the lists for 'Choosing the right Shrub or Climber' together with Average Height and Spread after 5 years, 10 years and 20 years. |
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STAGE 2
The Book of Bulbs by S. Arnott, F.R.H.S. Printed by |
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STAGE 4D Trees and Shrubs suitable for Clay Soils (neutral to slightly acid) Trees and Shrubs suitable for Dry Acid Soils Trees and Shrubs suitable for Shallow Soil over Chalk Trees and Shrubs tolerant of both extreme Acidity and Alkalinity Trees and Shrubs suitable for Damp Sites Trees and Shrubs suitable for Industrial Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Cold Exposed Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Seaside Areas Shrubs suitable for Heavy Shade Shrubs and Climbers suitable for NORTH- and EAST-facing Walls Shrubs suitable for Ground Cover Trees and Shrubs of Upright or Fastigiate Habit Trees and Shrubs with Ornamental Bark or Twigs Trees and Shrubs with Bold Foliage Trees and Shrubs for Autumn Colour Trees and Shrubs with Red or Purple Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Golden or Yellow Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Grey or Silver Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Variegated Foliage Trees and Shrubs bearing Ornamental Fruit Trees and Shrubs with Fragrant or Scented Flowers Trees and Shrubs with Aromatic Foliage Flowering Trees and Shrubs for Every Month:- |
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The following table shows the linkages for the information about the plants
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STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY |
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Private Garden Design:- |
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Yes |
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No |
Cannot be bothered. |
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At Home with Gard-ening Area |
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Balcony Garden or Roof Garden |
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Grow flowers for flower arranging and vegetables on Balcony Garden or Roof Garden |
Pan Plant Back-grou-nd Colour |
STAGE 3b |
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Outside Garden |
Pan, Trough and Window-Box Odds and Sods |
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Kinds of Pan Plants that may be split up and tucked in Corners and Crevices |
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Trough and Window-box plants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 |
Pan Plant |
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You need to know the following:- |
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A) Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers List leads onto the |
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Human Prob-lems |
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Blind, |
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Garden Style, which takes into account the Human Problems above |
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Classic Mixed Style |
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Cottage Garden Style |
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Naturalistic Style |
Formal English Garden |
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Mediterranean Style |
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Meadow and Corn-field |
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Paving and Gravel inland, |
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Problem Sites within your chosen Garden Style from the above |
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Exce-ssively Hot, Sunny and Dry Site is suitable for Drought Resistant Plants |
Excessively Wet Soil - especially when caused by poor drainage |
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Control of Pests (Aphids, Rabbits, Deer, Mice, Mole, Snails) / Disease by Companion Planting in Garden |
Whether your Heavy Clay or Light Sandy / Chalk Soil is excessively Alkaline (limy) / Acidic or not, then there is an Action Plan for you to do with your soil, which will improve its texture to make its structure into a productive soil instead of it returning to being just sand, chalk, silt or clay. |
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Problems caused by builders:- 1. Lack of soil on top of builders rubble in garden of just built house. |
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In planning your beds for your garden, before the vertical hard-landscaping framework and the vertical speciman planting is inserted into your soft landscaping plan, the following is useful to consider:- |
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Reasons for stopping infilling of Sense of Fragrance section on 28/07/2016 at end of Sense of Fragrance from Stephen Lacey Page. From September 2017 will be creating the following new pages on Sense of Fragrance using Scented Flora of the World by Roy Genders. |
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After you have selected your vertical hard-landscaping framework and the vertical speciman plants for each bed or border, you will need to infill with plants taking the following into account:- |
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Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders Flower Perfume Group:- |
Flower Perfume Group:- |
Flower Perfume Group:- |
Leaf Perfume Group:- |
Scent of Wood, Bark and Roots Group:-
Scent of Fungi Group:- |
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Sense of Sight |
Emotion of |
Emotion of |
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Emotion of |
Emotion of Intellectual versus Emotional |
Sense of Touch |
Sense of Taste |
Sense of Sound |
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STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 for |
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STAGE 3a ALL PLANTS INDEX GALLERY |
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Plant Type |
ABC |
DEF |
GHI |
JKL |
MNO |
PQR |
STU |
VWX |
YZ |
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Alpine in Evergreen Perennial, |
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Annual/ Biennial |
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Bedding, 25 |
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Bulb, 746 with Use, Flower Colour/Shape of |
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Climber 71 Clematis, 58 other Climbers with Use, Flower Colour and Shape |
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Deciduous Shrub 43 with Use and Flower Colour |
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Evergreen Perennial 104 with Use, Flower Colour, Flower Shape and Number of Petals |
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Evergreen Shrub 46, Semi-Evergreen Shrub and Heather 74 with Use and Flower Colour |
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Fern with 706 ferns |
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Herbaceous Perennial 91, |
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Rose with 720 roses within Flower Colour, Flower Shape, Rose Petal Count and Rose Use |
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Sub-Shrub |
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Wildflower 1918 with |
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Finally, you might be advised to check that the adjacent plants to the one you have chosen for that position in a flower bed are suitable; by checking the entry in Companion Planting - like clicking A page for checking Abies - and Pest Control page if you have a pest to control in this part of the flower bed. |
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STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY |
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STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 Reference books for these galleries in Table on left |
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STAGE 3a ALL PLANTS INDEX GALLERY |
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STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY |
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Since 2006, I have requested photos etc from the Mail-Order Nurseries in the UK and later from the rest of the World. Few nurseries have responded.
with the aid of further information from other books, magazines and cross-checking on the internet. |
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