Ivydene Gardens Colour Wheel - Bee Pollinated Bloom in Month Gallery:
Site Map

 

 

Besides the plants in the
British Floral Sources of importance to Honey Bees
and
Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers
the following 3 sets of Bee-pollinated plants are suitable for Hay-fever Sufferers; except for the 2 grasses :-

  • This Bee-pollinated Bloom in Month gallery compares 13 flower colour photos per month for many plants from the other Galleries, by clicking on the 1 in the relevant Flower per month Colour in the Colour Wheel down on the right,
  • the Bee-pollinated Index Gallery provides the tabular index of another 265 plants with the relevant colour in that respective month:-
    • 51 ANNUALS
    • 2 ANNUAL - VEGETABLE
    • 4 AQUATIC PLANTS
    • 11 BIENNIALS
    • 21 BULBS, CORMS, OR RHIZOMES
    • 4 CLIMBERS
    • 31 DECIDUOUS SHRUBS
    • 26 DECIDUOUS TREES
    • 10 EVERGREEN PERENNIALS
    • 22 EVERGREEN SHRUBS
    • 2 EVERGREEN TREES
    • 2 GRASSES which cause hayfever
    • 4 SEMI-EVERGREEN SHRUBS
    • 66 HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS
    • 9 PERENNIAL HERBS
      followed by
  • Click on these extra bee-pollinated plant names:-

 

 

 

Each Text Description below each of the Thumbnails in the Flower Colour/Month Comparison Pages in this Gallery gives you the:-

  • soil type it prefers,
  • plant name,
  • sun aspect,
  • soil moisture in the background colour,
  • plant type,
  • months of flowering and
  • height of the plant in the border colour

of that plant. Click on the centre of each Thumbnail to add the full description and larger photos of that plant.
 

 

 

 

"Want To Keep Bees?

Learn how to become a beekeeper and save the honey bees:

Bees are pollinators vital to our food chain. One third of the food we eat would not be available but for bees. Bees are under threat and need your support.

Beekeeping can be a fascinating hobby, a profitable sideline, or a full-time occupation. You may want to keep bees for the delicious fresh honey they produce, for the benefits of their valuable services as pollinators, or perhaps simply for the enjoyment of learning more about one of nature’s most interesting insects. Almost anyone can keep bees.

If you want to learn more, come & join one of our courses; next one starts mid Jan 2016 and learn the basics of beekeeping as well as being supported through your first year.

Surrey Bees also takes an active part in the education of children in Beekeeping though visits to locals schools. We also invite young beekeepers to attend and pass the BBKA Junior Assessment. We support local schools educating them in the importance of bees as well as covering the Skills section of the Duke of Edinburgh Award.

See also our Junior Summer Camps for junior beekeepers to meet the bees and extract their own honey in July.

If you have never done beekeeping before, this is a wonderful opportunity to get first-hand experience as well as confidence and knowledge to help you become a beekeeper, with honey in your first year. To enquire about available places please complete the enquiry form and one of the team will contact you to discuss preferred available course dates and venues. You’ll be amazed how easy it is!

If you do not have a Bee suit they can be provided." from Courses Page of Surrey Bees Training (SBT).

 

For Hay Fever sufferers, it is better to have bee-pollinated plants than wind-pollinated plants, since the pollen spread by that wind is what causes their suffering. The plants in this gallery are bee-pollinated and they should be used in preference to grasses etc when using the selection procedure below.

 

 

The Introduction Page of the Plants Topic provides a system of how to choose your plants for your garden with the following diagram to create a suitable list of plants.

 

Instructions for use of the following diagram:-

Click inside yellow box to link to that Page in Plants Topic for that list of plants

Click inside green box to link to that
Photo Gallery Site Map Page with its Index for lists of plants
or
view flower colour per month comparison pages using its links on their flower colour per month Colour Wheel, followed by clicking on thumbnail to review its added Plant Description Page.

The Galleries - specified below - contain the Index listing all the plants in their respective Sub-Galleries in each page and the flower colour comparison per month of all its plants (the Bamboo Gallery compares Cane colour). The Sub-Galleries - besides containing the relevant Plant Description Pages (links to them in the Site Map) - also compare the flower colour, foliage colour, habit/shape, fruit/seeds and in flowerbeds/landscape.

 

A swarm of honey bees in a tree:-

surreybees1

Photo kindly supplied by Lorraine Ragosa-Rout, Surrey Bees Training Principal Operations Manager.

plantselectionprocedure2a1a1

 

A swarm of honey bees from a hive:-

 

surreybees2

 

Photo kindly supplied by Lorraine Ragosa-Rout, Surrey Bees Training Principal Operations Manager.

 

You can click on its:-

  • Empty pages of Blue, Red, Unusual and Multi-Coloured, White and Yellow from this Gallery are listed below:-

There are no Empty Pages

 

Once the swarm has been moved to a hive, one of its jobs besides looking after the queen bee is to create honey combs:-

surreybees3

Photo kindly supplied by Ms C. Cunningham, Surrey Bees Training Event Coordinator.

Some of these gallery photographs were provided by
Christine Foord and they were photographed by Christine and Ron Foord
and others were provided by
R. V. Roger ,
D. Rankin of Kevock Garden Plants ,
Deeproot Plant Base ,
Nigel Coe and Gee Tee Bulb Company.

 

and then start filling them:-

surreybees4

Photo kindly supplied by Lorraine Ragosa-Rout, Surrey Bees Training Principal Operations Manager.

before sealing the tops:-

surreybees5

Photo kindly supplied by Ms C. Cunningham, Surrey Bees Training Event Coordinator.

and the workers toiling round the open bee queen cell:-

surreybees6

Photo kindly supplied by Ms C. Cunningham, Surrey Bees Training Event Coordinator.

The consequence of not having enough frames in May 2014:-

surreybees7

Photo kindly supplied by Lorraine Ragosa-Rout, Surrey Bees Training Principal Operations Manager.

 

Very important information for car drivers:-

Oscar's 2,000 mile Purr-fect Trip in The Unadulterated Cat by Terry Pratchett:-

"Oscar's 2,000 mile Purr-fect Trip says the heading in the local paper. Or something like that. At least once every year. In every local paper. It's a regular like 'Row over Civic Site'or 'Storm as Schools Probe Looms'.

So many stories like this have turned up that researchers from the Campaign for Real Cats have been, well, researching.

The astonishing truth has not been suspected, possibly because not many people in this country have more than one local paper. But, from hundreds of cuttings sent in by Campaign members, it finally emerged.

They're all the same cat. Not the same type of cat. The same cat.

It's a smallish black and white tom. Never mind about the variety of names, which are only of significance to humans, although interestingly the name Oscar does seem to crop up rather a lot. Careful anaysis of dozens of pictures of The Travelling Cat blinking in the flashlight's glare has proved it.

It appeared to do a minimum of 15,000 miles last year, much of it in car engine compartments, where only its piteous mewling alerts the driver when he stops off for a coffee.

Confirmation will not be achieved until Oscar has been tracked down by researchers armed with a truckload of painful equipment, but the current, rather interesting, theory is that what initially appears to be this piteous mewling is in fact a stream of directions on the lines of 'left, here, I said left, left you twerp, all right, keep going until we get to the trading estate and then you can pick up the A370...'

Oscar is, in fact, trying to get somewhere. The process is a bit hit and miss, and possibly he has underestimated the size of the country and the number of vehicles in it, but he's keeping at it. Certainly, in the best tradition of Real Cats everywhere, he's doing anything rather than get out and walk."

 

It is of course possible that this cat has travelled abroad and back again:-

  • Although the cat does not travel with his passport, I am surprised that the driver of each car crossing the border has not put this cat into quarantine, - paid for a new cat passport, microfiched it and attached that microfiche to the cats collar for the next border control to check - and then waited until it is out of quarantine before continueing their combined journey.
  • The driver is also responsible for paying the cross-channel fare for this cat, since that cat is dependent on him having driven his car in order to keep this cat warm whilst being transported to that ferry.
  • If the cat changes vehicles and comes back with a different driver, then that driver may be fined for bringing in an illegal immigrant. It may be possible to eject the cat , if each driver ejects his passengers and luggage, before steam-cleaning the inside and outside of his or her vehicle, before entering the port to go onto a ferry or respective railway station for train transportation. This might persuade the cat to leave that vehicle. If it does not leave, the the driver could be prosecuted for subjecting the cat to cruelty in spraying it with steam.
  • Of course if it has been found that the cat has not been fed, watered and well-looked after, then the driver may face prosecution.
  • In conclusion, it might be safer not to use your car to travel anywhere.
     

Topic
Plants detailed in this website by
Botanical Name
A, B, C, D, E, F, G,
H, I, J, K, L, M, N,
O, P, Q, R, S, T, U,
V, W, X, Y, Z ,
Bulb
A1, 2, 3, B, C1, 2,
 D, E, F, G, Glad,
H, I, J, K, L1, 2,
 M, N, O, P, Q, R,
 S, T, U, V, W, XYZ ,
Evergreen Perennial
A, B, C, D, E, F, G,
H, I, J, K, L, M, N,
O, P, Q, R, S, T, U,
V, W, X, Y, Z ,
Herbaceous Perennial
A1, 2, B, C, D, E, F,
G, H, I, J, K, L, M,
N, O, P1, 2, Q, R,
S, T, U, V, W, XYZ,
Diascia Photo Album,
UK Peony Index
Wildflower
Botanical Names,
Common Names ,
will be compared in:- Flower colour/month
Evergreen Perennial,
Flower shape Wildflower Flower Shape and
Plant use
Evergreen Perennial Flower Shape,
Bee plants for hay-fever sufferers
Bee-Pollinated Index
Butterfly
Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis, Butterfly Usage of Plants.
Chalk
A, B, C, D, E, F, G,
H, I, J, K, L, M, N,
O, P, QR, S, T, UV,
WXYZ
Companion Planting
A, B, C, D, E, F, G,
H, I, J, K, L, M, N,
O, P, Q, R , S, T,
U ,V, W, X, Y, Z,
Pest Control using Plants
Fern Fern
1000 Ground Cover A, B, C, D, E, F, G,
H, I, J, K, L, M, N,
O, P, Q, R, S, T, U,
V, W, XYZ ,
Rock Garden and Alpine Flowers
A, B, C, D, E, F, G,
H, I, J, K, L, M,
NO, PQ, R, S, T,
UVWXYZ
Rose Rose Use
These 5 have Page links in rows below
Bulbs from the Infill Galleries (next row), Camera Photos,
Plant Colour Wheel Uses,
Sense of Fragrance, Wild Flower

Case Studies
...Drive Foundations
Ryegrass and turf kills plants within Roadstone and in Topsoil due to it starving and dehydrating them.
CEDAdrive creates stable drive surface and drains rain into your ground, rather than onto the public road.
8 problems caused by building house on clay or with house-wall attached to clay.
Pre-building work on polluted soil.

Companion Planting
to provide a Companion Plant to aid your selected plant or deter its pests

Garden
Construction
with ground drains

Garden Design
...How to Use the Colour Wheel Concepts for Selection of Flowers, Foliage and Flower Shape
...RHS Mixed
Borders
......Bedding Plants
......Her Perennials
......Other Plants
......Camera photos of Plant supports
Garden
Maintenance
Glossary with a tomato teaching cauliflowers
Home
Library of over 1000 books
Offbeat Glossary with DuLally Bird in its flower clock.

Plants
...in Chalk
(Alkaline) Soil
......A-F1, A-F2,
......A-F3, G-L, M-R,
......M-R Roses, S-Z
...in Heavy
Clay Soil
......A-F, G-L, M-R,
......S-Z
...in Lime-Free
(Acid) Soil
......A-F, G-L, M-R,
......S-Z
...in Light
Sand Soil
......A-F, G-L, M-R,
......S-Z.
...Poisonous Plants.
...Extra Plant Pages
with its 6 Plant Selection Levels

Soil
...Interaction between 2 Quartz Sand Grains to make soil
...How roots of plants are in control in the soil
...Without replacing Soil Nutrients, the soil will break up to only clay, sand or silt
...Subsidence caused by water in Clay
...Use water ring for trees/shrubs for first 2 years.

Tool Shed with 3 kneeling pads
Useful Data with benefits of Seaweed

Topic -
Plant Photo Galleries
If the plant type below has flowers, then the first gallery will include the flower thumbnail in each month of 1 of 6 colour comparison pages of each plant in its subsidiary galleries, as a low-level Plant Selection Process
Aquatic
Bamboo
Bedding
...by Flower Shape

Bulb
...Allium/ Anemone
...Autumn
...Colchicum/ Crocus
...Dahlia
...Gladiolus with its 40 Flower Colours
......European A-E
......European F-M
......European N-Z
......European Non-classified
......American A,
B, C, D, E, F, G,
 H, I, J, K, L, M,
 N, O, P, Q, R, S,
 T, U, V, W, XYZ
......American Non-classified
......Australia - empty
......India
......Lithuania
...Hippeastrum/ Lily
...Late Summer
...Narcissus
...Spring
...Tulip
...Winter
...Each of the above ...Bulb Galleries has its own set of Flower Colour Pages
...Flower Shape
...Bulb Form
...Bulb Use
...Bulb in Soil

Further details on bulbs from the Infill Galleries:-
Hardy Bulbs
...Aconitum
...Allium
...Alstroemeria
...Anemone
...Amaryllis
...Anthericum
...Antholyzas
...Apios
...Arisaema
...Arum
...Asphodeline
...Asphodelus
...Belamcanda
...Bloomeria
...Brodiaea
...Bulbocodium
...Calochorti
...Cyclobothrias
...Camassia
...Colchicum
...Convallaria 
...Forcing Lily of the Valley
...Corydalis
...Crinum
...Crosmia
...Montbretia
...Crocus
...Cyclamen
...Dicentra
...Dierama
...Eranthis
...Eremurus
...Erythrnium
...Eucomis
...Fritillaria
...Funkia
...Galanthus
...Galtonia
...Gladiolus
...Hemerocallis
...Hyacinth
...Hyacinths in Pots
...Scilla
...Puschkinia
...Chionodoxa
...Chionoscilla
...Muscari
...Iris
...Kniphofia
...Lapeyrousia
...Leucojum
...Lilium
...Lilium in Pots
...Malvastrum
...Merendera
...Milla
...Narcissus
...Narcissi in Pots
...Ornithogalum
...Oxalis
...Paeonia
...Ranunculus
...Romulea
...Sanguinaria
...Sternbergia
...Schizostylis
...Tecophilaea
...Trillium
...Tulip
...Zephyranthus
Half-Hardy Bulbs
...Acidanthera
...Albuca
...Alstroemeri
...Andro-stephium
...Bassers
...Boussing-aultias
...Bravoas
...Cypellas
...Dahlias
...Galaxis,
...Geissorhizas
...Hesperanthas
...Gladioli
...Ixias
...Sparaxises
...Babianas
...Morphixias
...Tritonias
...Ixiolirions
...Moraeas
...Ornithogalums
...Oxalises
...Phaedra-nassas
...Pancratiums
...Tigridias
...Zephyranthes
...Cooperias
Uses of Bulbs:-
...for Bedding
...in Windowboxes
...in Border
...naturalized in Grass
...in Bulb Frame
...in Woodland Garden
...in Rock Garden
...in Bowls
...in Alpine House
...Bulbs in Green-house or Stove:-
...Achimenes
...Alocasias
...Amorpho-phalluses
...Arisaemas
...Arums
...Begonias
...Bomareas
...Caladiums
...Clivias
...Colocasias
...Crinums
...Cyclamens
...Cyrtanthuses
...Eucharises
...Urceocharis
...Eurycles
...Freesias
...Gloxinias
...Haemanthus
...Hippeastrums
...Lachenalias
...Nerines
...Lycorises
...Pencratiums
...Hymenocallises
...Richardias
...Sprekelias
...Tuberoses
...Vallotas
...Watsonias
...Zephyranthes
...Plant Bedding in
......Spring
......Summer
...Bulb houseplants flowering during:-
......January
......February
......March
......April
......May
......June
......July
......August
......September
......October
......November
......December
...Bulbs and other types of plant flowering during:-
......Dec-Jan
......Feb-Mar
......Apr-May
......Jun-Aug
......Sep-Oct
......Nov-Dec
...Selection of the smaller and choicer plants for the Smallest of Gardens with plant flowering during the same 6 periods as in the previous selection

Climber in
3 Sector Vertical Plant System
...Clematis
...Climbers
Conifer
Deciduous Shrub
...Shrubs - Decid
Deciduous Tree
...Trees - Decid
Evergreen Perennial
...P-Evergreen A-L
...P-Evergreen M-Z
...Flower Shape
Evergreen Shrub
...Shrubs - Evergreen
...Heather Shrub
...Heather Index
......Andromeda
......Bruckenthalia
......Calluna
......Daboecia
......Erica: Carnea
......Erica: Cinerea
......Erica: Others
Evergreen Tree
...Trees - Evergreen
Fern
Grass
Hedging
Herbaceous
Perennial
...P -Herbaceous
...Peony
...Flower Shape
...RHS Wisley
......Mixed Border
......Other Borders
Herb
Odds and Sods
Rhododendron

Rose
...RHS Wisley A-F
...RHS Wisley G-R
...RHS Wisley S-Z
...Rose Use - page links in row 6. Rose, RHS Wisley and Other Roses rose indices on each Rose Use page
...Other Roses A-F
...Other Roses G-R
...Other Roses S-Z
Pruning Methods
Photo Index R 1, 2, 3
Peter Beales Roses
RV Roger Roses

Soft Fruit
Top Fruit
...Apple
...Cherry
...Pear
Vegetable
Wild Flower and
Butterfly page links are in next row

Topic -
UK Butterfly:-
...Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis and Butterfly Usage
of Plants.
...Plant Usage by
Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis and Butterfly.

Both native wildflowers and cultivated plants, with these
...Flower Shape,
...Uses in USA,
...Uses in UK and
...Flo Cols / month are used by Butter-flies native in UK


Wild Flower with its wildflower flower colour page, space,
data page(s).
...Blue Site Map.
Scented Flower, Foliage, Root.
Story of their Common Names.
Use of Plant with Flowers.
Use for Non-Flowering Plants.
Edible Plant Parts.
Flower Legend.
Flowering plants of Chalk and
Limestone 1, 2.
Flowering plants of Acid Soil 1.
...Brown Botanical Names.
Food for
Butterfly/Moth.
...Cream Common Names.
Coastal and Dunes.
Sandy Shores and Dunes.
...Green Broad-leaved Woods.
...Mauve Grassland - Acid, Neutral, Chalk.
...Multi-Cols Heaths and Moors.
...Orange Hedge-rows and Verges.
...Pink A-G Lakes, Canals and Rivers.
...Pink H-Z Marshes, Fens, Bogs.
...Purple Old Buildings and Walls.
...Red Pinewoods.
...White A-D
Saltmarshes.
Shingle Beaches, Rocks and Cliff Tops.
...White E-P Other.
...White Q-Z Number of Petals.
...Yellow A-G
Pollinator.
...Yellow H-Z
Poisonous Parts.
...Shrub/Tree River Banks and other Freshwater Margins. and together with cultivated plants in
Colour Wheel.

You know its
name:-
a-h, i-p, q-z,
Botanical Names, or Common Names,
habitat:-
on Acid Soil,
on Calcareous
(Chalk) Soil,
on Marine Soil,
on Neutral Soil,
is a Fern,
is a Grass,
is a Rush,
is a Sedge, or
is Poisonous.

Each plant in each WILD FLOWER FAMILY PAGE will have a link to:-
1) its created Plant Description Page in its Common Name column, then external sites:-
2) to purchase the plant or seed in its Botanical Name column,
3) to see photos in its Flowering Months column and
4) to read habitat details in its Habitat Column.
Adder's Tongue
Amaranth
Arrow-Grass
Arum
Balsam
Bamboo
Barberry
Bedstraw
Beech
Bellflower
Bindweed
Birch
Birds-Nest
Birthwort
Bogbean
Bog Myrtle
Borage
Box
Broomrape
Buckthorn
Buddleia
Bur-reed
Buttercup
Butterwort
Cornel (Dogwood)
Crowberry
Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 1
Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 2
Cypress
Daffodil
Daisy
Daisy Cudweeds
Daisy Chamomiles
Daisy Thistle
Daisy Catsears Daisy Hawkweeds
Daisy Hawksbeards
Daphne
Diapensia
Dock Bistorts
Dock Sorrels
Clubmoss
Duckweed
Eel-Grass
Elm
Filmy Fern
Horsetail
Polypody
Quillwort
Royal Fern
Figwort - Mulleins
Figwort - Speedwells
Flax
Flowering-Rush
Frog-bit
Fumitory
Gentian
Geranium
Glassworts
Gooseberry
Goosefoot
Grass 1
Grass 2
Grass 3
Grass Soft
Bromes 1
Grass Soft
Bromes 2
Grass Soft
Bromes 3
Hazel
Heath
Hemp
Herb-Paris
Holly
Honeysuckle
Horned-Pondweed
Hornwort
Iris
Ivy
Jacobs Ladder
Lily
Lily Garlic
Lime
Lobelia
Loosestrife
Mallow
Maple
Mares-tail
Marsh Pennywort
Melon (Gourd/Cucumber)
Mesem-bryanthemum
Mignonette
Milkwort
Mistletoe
Moschatel
Naiad
Nettle
Nightshade
Oleaster
Olive
Orchid 1
Orchid 2
Orchid 3
Orchid 4
Parnassus-Grass
Peaflower
Peaflower
Clover 1
Peaflower
Clover 2
Peaflower
Clover 3
Peaflower Vetches/Peas
Peony
Periwinkle
Pillwort
Pine
Pink 1
Pink 2
Pipewort
Pitcher-Plant
Plantain
Pondweed
Poppy
Primrose
Purslane
Rannock Rush
Reedmace
Rockrose
Rose 1
Rose 2
Rose 3
Rose 4
Rush
Rush Woodrushes
Saint Johns Wort
Saltmarsh Grasses
Sandalwood
Saxifrage
Seaheath
Sea Lavender
Sedge Rush-like
Sedges Carex 1
Sedges Carex 2
Sedges Carex 3
Sedges Carex 4
Spindle-Tree
Spurge
Stonecrop
Sundew
Tamarisk
Tassel Pondweed
Teasel
Thyme 1
Thyme 2
Umbellifer 1
Umbellifer 2
Valerian
Verbena
Violet
Water Fern
Waterlily
Water Milfoil
Water Plantain
Water Starwort
Waterwort
Willow
Willow-Herb
Wintergreen
Wood-Sorrel
Yam
Yew


Topic -
The following is a complete hierarchical Plant Selection Process
dependent on the Garden Style chosen
Garden Style
...Infill Plants
...12 Bloom Colours per Month Index
...12 Foliage Colours per Month Index
...All Plants Index
...Cultivation, Position, Use Index
...Shape, Form
Index
 


Topic -
Flower/Foliage Colour Wheel Galleries with number of colours as a high-level Plant Selection Process

All Flowers 53 with
...Use of Plant and
Flower Shape - page links in bottom row

All Foliage 53
instead of redundant
...(All Foliage 212)

All Flowers
per Month 12

Bee instead of wind pollinated plants for hay-fever sufferers
All Bee-Pollinated Flowers
per Month 12
...Index

Rock Garden and Alpine Flowers
Rock Plant Flowers 53 INDEX
A, B, C, D, E, F,
G, H, I, J, K, L,
M, NO, PQ, R, S,
T, UVWXYZ
...Rock Plant Photos

Flower Colour Wheel without photos, but with links to photos
12 Bloom Colours
per Month Index
...All Plants Index


Topic -
Use of Plant in your Plant Selection Process

Plant Colour Wheel Uses
with
1. Perfect general use soil is composed of 8.3% lime, 16.6% humus, 25% clay and 50% sand, and
2. Why you are continually losing the SOIL STRUCTURE so your soil - will revert to clay, chalk, sand or silt.
Uses of Plant and Flower Shape:-
...Foliage Only
...Other than Green Foliage
...Trees in Lawn
...Trees in Small Gardens
...Wildflower Garden
...Attract Bird
...Attract Butterfly
1, 2
...Climber on House Wall
...Climber not on House Wall
...Climber in Tree
...Rabbit-Resistant
...Woodland
...Pollution Barrier
...Part Shade
...Full Shade
...Single Flower provides Pollen for Bees
1, 2, 3
...Ground-Cover
<60cm
60-180cm
>180cm
...Hedge
...Wind-swept
...Covering Banks
...Patio Pot
...Edging Borders
...Back of Border
...Poisonous
...Adjacent to Water
...Bog Garden
...Tolerant of Poor Soil
...Winter-Flowering
...Fragrant
...Not Fragrant
...Exhibition
...Standard Plant is 'Ball on Stick'
...Upright Branches or Sword-shaped leaves
...Plant to Prevent Entry to Human or Animal
...Coastal Conditions
...Tolerant on North-facing Wall
...Cut Flower
...Potted Veg Outdoors
...Potted Veg Indoors
...Thornless
...Raised Bed Outdoors Veg
...Grow in Alkaline Soil A-F, G-L, M-R,
S-Z
...Grow in Acidic Soil
...Grow in Any Soil
...Grow in Rock Garden
...Grow Bulbs Indoors

Uses of Bedding
...Bedding Out
...Filling In
...Screen-ing
...Pots and Troughs
...Window Boxes
...Hanging Baskets
...Spring Bedding
...Summer Bedding
...Winter Bedding
...Foliage instead of Flower
...Coleus Bedding Photos for use in Public Domain 1

Uses of Bulb
...Other than Only Green Foliage
...Bedding or Mass Planting
...Ground-Cover
...Cut-Flower
...Tolerant of Shade
...In Woodland Areas
...Under-plant
...Tolerant of Poor Soil
...Covering Banks
...In Water
...Beside Stream or Water Garden
...Coastal Conditions
...Edging Borders
...Back of Border or Back-ground Plant
...Fragrant Flowers
...Not Fragrant Flowers
...Indoor
House-plant
...Grow in a Patio Pot
...Grow in an Alpine Trough
...Grow in an Alpine House
...Grow in Rock Garden
...Speciman Plant
...Into Native Plant Garden
...Naturalize in Grass
...Grow in Hanging Basket
...Grow in Window-box
...Grow in Green-house
...Grow in Scree
...Naturalized Plant Area
...Grow in Cottage Garden
...Attracts Butterflies
...Attracts Bees
...Resistant to Wildlife
...Bulb in Soil:-
......Chalk
......Clay
......Sand
......Lime-Free (Acid)
......Peat

Uses of Rose
Rose Index
...Bedding 1, 2
...Climber /Pillar
...Cut-Flower 1, 2
...Exhibition, Speciman
...Ground-Cover
...Grow In A Container 1, 2
...Hedge 1, 2
...Climber in Tree
...Woodland
...Edging Borders
...Tolerant of Poor Soil 1, 2
...Tolerant of Shade
...Back of Border
...Adjacent to Water
...Page for rose use as ARCH ROSE, PERGOLA ROSE, COASTAL CONDITIONS ROSE, WALL ROSE, STANDARD ROSE, COVERING BANKS or THORNLESS ROSES.
...FRAGRANT ROSES
...NOT FRAGRANT ROSES


Topic -
Camera Photo Galleries showing all 4000 x 3000 pixels of each photo on your screen that you can then click and drag it to your desktop as part of a Plant Selection Process:-

RHS Garden at Wisley
Plant Supports -
When supporting plants in a bed, it is found that not only do those plants grow upwards, but also they expand their roots and footpad sideways each year. Pages
1, 2, 3, 8, 11,
12, 13,
Plants 4, 7, 10,
Bedding Plants 5,
Plant Supports for Unknown Plants 5,
Clematis Climbers 6,
the RHS does not appear to either follow it's own pruning advice or advice from The Pruning of Trees, Shrubs and Conifers by George E. Brown.
ISBN 0-571-11084-3 with the plants in Pages 1-7 of this folder. You can see from looking at both these resources as to whether the pruning carried out on the remainder of the plants in Pages 7-15 was correct.
Narcissus (Daffodil) 9,
Phlox Plant Supports 14, 15

Coleus Bedding Foliage Trial - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30,
31, 32, Index

National Trust Garden at Sissinghurst Castle
Plant Supports -
Pages for Gallery 1
with Plant Supports
1, 5, 10
Plants
 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9,
11, 12
Recommended Rose Pruning Methods 13
Pages for Gallery 2
with Plant Supports
2,
Plants 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Dry Garden of
RHS Garden at
Hyde Hall
Plants - Pages
without Plant Supports
Plants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Nursery of
Peter Beales Roses
Display Garden
Roses Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13

Nursery of
RV Roger
Roses - Pages
A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,
A6,A7,A8,A9,A10,
A11,A12,A13,A14,
B15,
B16,B17,B18,B19,
B20,
B21,B22,B23,B24,
B25,
B26,B27,B28,B29,
B30,
C31,C32,C33,C34,
C35,
C36,C37,C38,C39,
C40,
C41,CD2,D43,D44,
D45,
D46,D47,D48,D49,
E50,
E51,E52,F53,F54,
F55,
F56,F57,G58,G59,
H60,
H61,I62,K63,L64,
M65,
M66,N67,P68,P69,
P70,
R71,R72,S73,S74,
T75,
V76,Z77, 78,

Damage by Plants in Chilham Village - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4

Pavements of Funchal, Madeira
Damage to Trees - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13
for trees 1-54,
14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
for trees 55-95,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30,
31, 32, 33, 34, 35,
36, 37,
for trees 95-133,
38, 39, 40,
41, 42, 43, 44, 45,
for trees 133-166

Chris Garnons-Williams
Work Done - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13

Identity of Plants
Label Problems - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11

Ron and Christine Foord - 1036 photos only inserted so far - Garden Flowers - Start Page of each Gallery
AB1 ,AN14,BA27,
CH40,CR52,DR63,
FR74,GE85,HE96,

Plant with Photo Index of Ivydene Gardens - 1187
A 1, 2, Photos - 43
B 1, Photos - 13
C 1, Photos - 35
D 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
Photos - 411
with Plants causing damage to buildings in Chilham Village and Damage to Trees in Pavements of Funchal
E 1, Photos - 21
F 1, Photos - 1
G 1, Photos - 5
H 1, Photos - 21
I 1, Photos - 8
J 1, Photos - 1
K 1, Photos - 1
L 1, Photos - 85
with Label Problems
M 1, Photos - 9
N 1, Photos - 12
O 1, Photos - 5
P 1, Photos - 54
Q 1, Photos -
R 1, 2, 3,
Photos - 229
S 1, Photos - 111
T 1, Photos - 13
U 1, Photos - 5
V 1, Photos - 4
W 1, Photos - 100
with Work Done by Chris Garnons-Williams
X 1 Photos -
Y 1, Photos -
Z 1 Photos -
Articles/Items in Ivydene Gardens - 88
Flower Colour, Num of Petals, Shape and
Plant Use of:-
Rock Garden
within linked page

 

 

Topic -
Fragrant Plants as a Plant Selection Process for your sense of smell:-
Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders

Fragrant Plants:-
Trees and Shrubs with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for an Acid Soil
1, 2, 3, 4
Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for a
Chalky or Limestone Soil
1, 2, 3, 4
Shrubs bearing Scented leaves for a
Sandy Soil
1, 2, 3
Herbaceous Plants with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3
Annual and Biennial Plants with Scented Flowers or Leaves
1, 2
Bulbs and Corms with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Scented Plants of Climbing and Trailing Habit
1, 2, 3
Winter-flowering Plants with Scented Flowers
1, 2
Night-scented Flowering Plants
1, 2
 


Topic -
Website User Guidelines

My Gas Service Engineer found Flow and Return pipes incorrectly positioned on gas boilers and customers had refused to have positioning corrected in 2020.


The 264 bee-pollinated plants in Bee-Pollinated Bloom Plant Index are in addition to the
bee-pollinated plants shown as thumbnails in the pages of this Gallery of 12 Flower Colours per month FROM the Circular Colour Wheel below.


Enumber indicates Empty Index Page.
Bottom row of Grey is Unusual or Multi-Coloured Flower Colour.
Click on the OOO in the Index Table below to link to those bee-pollinated plants of that flower colour in that month.
 

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

OOO E1.

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO
Blue

OOO

OOO
E11.

OOO
E12.

OOO E13.

OOO
E14.

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO
Mauve

OOO

OOO

OOO
E24.

OOO
 

OOO
 

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO
Purple

OOO
E34.

OOO
E35.

OOO
E36.

OOO
E37

OOO
E38

OOO

OOO
E40

OOO
E41

OOO
E42

OOO

OOO

OOO
Brown

OOO

OOO
E47

OOO
E48

OOO
 

OOO
 

OOO
 

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO
Cream

OOO
E58

OOO
E59

OOO
 

OOO
 

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO
Green

OOO

OOO
E71

OOO
E72

OOO
E73

OOO
E74

OOO
E75

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO
E80

OOO
E81Orange

OOO
E82

OOO
E83

OOO
E84

OOO
E85

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO
Pink

OOO

OOO
E95

OOO
E96

OOO
E97

OOO
E98

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO
Red

OOO

OOO
E107

OOO
E108

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO
White

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO
Yellow

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO
 

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO

OOO
Unusual

OOO

OOO
E143

OOO
E144


The above Index table states details of each plant in each page of Bee Pollinated Bloom Calendar Colour Wheel Gallery below.
"The Beesource Beekeeping website was started in 1997 by a hobbyist beekeeper and became an online community for beekeepers and beekeeping in 1999. It has experienced organic, word of mouth grassroots growth ever since. Today, Beesource.com has 48.2K registered members and is the most active online beekeeping community of its kind in the world."
Bee Pollinated Bloom Calendar Colour Wheel:-
 

bloomsmonth2a2a1a

Inner circle of Grey is 12 months of Unusual or Multi-Coloured Flower Colour

Bulb and Perennial Height from Text Border

Brown = 0-12 inches (0-30 cms)

Blue = 12-24 inches (30-60 cms)

Green = 24-36 inches (60-90 cms)

Red = 36-72 inches (90- 180 cms)

Black = 72+ inches (180+ cms)

Shrub Height from Text Border

Brown = 0-12 inches (0-30 cms)

Blue = 12-36 inches (30-90 cms)

Green = 36-60 inches (90- 150 cms)

Red = 60-120 inches (150- 300 cms)

Black = 120+ inches (300+ cms)

Tree Height from Text Border

Brown = 0-240 inches (0- 600 cms)

Blue = 240- 480 inches (600- 1200 cms)

Green = 480+ inches (1200 + cms)

Red = Potted

Black = Use in Small Garden

Climber Height from Text Border

 

Blue = 0-36 inches (0-90 cms)

Green = 36-120 inches (90-300 cms)

Red = 120+ inches (300+ cms)

 

Bamboo, Bedding, Conifer, Fern, Grass, Herb, Rhododendron, Rose, Soft Fruit, Top Fruit, Vegetable and Wildflower Height from Text Border

Blue = 0-24 inches (0-60 cms)

Green = 24-72 inches (60- 180 cms)

Red = 72+ inches (180+ cms)

 

Plant Soil Moisture from Text Background

Wet Soil

Moist Soil

 

Dry Soil

 

BEE-POLLINATED BLOOM IN MONTH PLANT INDEX GALLERY PAGES

Site Map

 

Societies by Plant Type in USA
National Plant Societies in UK


Site design and content copyright ©July 2013. Amended Menus July 2015. Amended Menus and corrected meta tags June 2017. Amended Table 10 July 2022. Chris Garnons-Williams.

DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site.  

 

Bee-Pollinated Bloom Plant Index.
So, how can I feed the bees if I have no soil in my garden?

  • You could start with a sedum roof covering for a DIY green roof on a flat roof of a house, garage, carport, on a roof which is not more than 20 degrees from horizontal, or on top of hardstanding which is at ground level. Biodiverse mats could be used instead of sedum mats for the above areasto attract bees.
  • Then, there is no reason why you could not have Green Walls as well.

You could then progress to Rootop Gardens, which may require a further strengthening of the supporting structure to carry the potential extra weight:-

If you do not fancy putting plants on the walls or your roof, then you could have a series of window box gardens and Balcony gardens using self-watering planters and boxes from Amberol.

If you have the room in the hardstanding round your property then why not use a series of Promenade Self-Watering Planters from Amberol. These are easy to work on - even if you are in a wheelchair or otherwise infirm - and they could still then provide flowers for the bees to use.

"What do bees need?

  • Undisturbed nesting sites
  • Solitary bees may burrow into the ground, into mortar in brick and stonework, or use hollow bramble stems, or beetle borings in rotten wood.
  • Increasingly, artificial purpose-built 'homes' are being provided by conservation minded people.
  • Social bees, such as bumblebees, may construct their nests in old mouse, vole and mole holes; under hedge vegetation; beneath moss or grass tussocks, and under piles of cut vegetation.
  • Honey bees will use beehives, cavities in old trees or walls, roof spaces and chimneys.
  • Locations where the queen bumblebees can over-winter, dry and undisturbed.
  • Consistent supplies of pollen and nectar sources from early spring to late autumn. Pollen is needed for its proteins, lipids (essential for brood food production) and other constituents to produce sufficient brood, feed adult bees, help ensure the health of the colony and to create new comb. Nectar is collected and processed by another bee before being stored in the comb as honey. Both Pollen and Nectar is required by the bee colony throughout the 9-10 months they are active and rearing brood. When required, some of the bees will uncap the cells, add water to make a 50:50 honey to water mix and distribute it to others in the colony to provide the energy they need - especially in the winter during the other 2-3 months when not collecting pollen or nectar.
    The Beekeeper's Garden by Hooper and Taylor - Published by Alphabooks Ltd., in 1988 - ISBN 0-7136-3023-X - provides comprehensive information on suitable plants, also useful is the classic text of
    Plants and Beekeeping by Howes, F.N, which was originally published prior to 1923 and a reproduction by Ulan Press and printed by Amazon.co.uk, Ltd was produced this century.
  • Unpolluted water." from
    Plants and Honey Bees
    An Introduction to Their Relationships
    by David Aston and Sally Bucknall.
    Printed by Northern Bee Books.
    First published 2004, Reprinted 2009. ISBN 0-393-30879-0

The Potential Impact of Global Warming
The potential impact of global warming on UK gardens has been considered in the report 'Gardening in the Global Greenhouse, the impacts of climate change on gardens in the UK', published in November 2002 under the UK Climate Impacts Programme (UKCIP(). A number of scenarios were described, together with the likely changes in garden styles caused by climatic changes. These could have a significant effect on the availability and timing of bee forage. The following is from its conclusions:-

  • The role of gardens and parks as innumerable components in a green web, supporting and at times replacing the fragile network of natural ecosystems, has been little explored in this report. However, these millions of landscapes, large and small, will have a vital role to play in reinforcing a system of ecological corridors through which wildlife can migrate in response to climate change.

 

The plants in Table 10 - and others below it within this table cell will be included in either
Bee Bloom Calendar Gallery or
Bees Bloom Calendar Gallery :-

 


Table 10. British Floral Sources of importance to Honey Bees from
Plants and Honey Bees
An Introduction to Their Relationships
by David Aston and Sally Bucknall.
Printed by Northern Bee Books.
First published 2004, Reprinted 2009. ISBN 0-393-30879-0
 

Comment

Plant Name

Common Name

Feb-Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep-Oct

Pollen

Alnus glutinosa

Alder

000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Prunus dulcis

Almond

000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pollen

Lobularia maritima

Alyssum

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar

Anchusa species

Anchusa

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Malus pumila

Apple

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.

Arabis species

Arabis

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

Pollen

Fraxinus excelsior

Ash

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Aubretia deltoidea

Aubretia

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

Pollen

Colchicum autumnale

Autumn Crocus

 

 

 

 

 

 

000

Honey and
Nectar

Impatiens balsamina, Impatiens bicolor.

Balsam

 

 

 

 

 

000

000

Pollen source only in UK.

Beechwood Honey in New Zealand

Fagus sylvatica in Europe

Beech

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.

Major bee plant

Calluna vulgaris

See Heather calluna Gallery

Bell Heather

 

 

 

 

000

000

 

Barberry Honey and Nectar

Berberis

Berberis

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar

Monarda fistulosa and Monarda didyma

Bergamot

 

 

 

 

000

 

 

Nectar.
Bilberry Mining Bee collects its pollen

Vaccinium myrtillus

Billberry

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

Pollen

 

Bindweed

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Pollen.
It is wind pollinated

Betula species

Birch

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

Single-flowered wild plant for its Nectar

Lotus corniculatus

Bird's-foot-trefoil

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Rubus fruticosus

Blackberry

 

 

 

 

000

000

 

Nectar and Pollen

Prunus spinosa

Blackthorn

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar

Hyacinthoides non-scripta

Bluebell

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Borago officinalis

Borage

 

 

 

 

000

000

000

Honey, Nectar and Pollen

Brassica species

Brassicas

 

 

000

000

000

000

 

Nectar and Pollen

Cytisus scoparius

Broom

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

Pollen may be harmful to bees

Ranunculus species

Buttercup

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.

Campanula

Campanula

 

 

 

 

000

000

 

Nectar.

Nepeta cataria

Cat-mint

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Pollen in UK. Nectar and Pollen in USA.

Ceanothus species

Ceanothus

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

Pollen

Ranunculus ficaria

Lesser Celandine

000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Honey, Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Prunus avium

Cherry

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen. Also used by Bumble Bees

Malus

Crab apple

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar

Geranium species

Crane's-bill but not Pelargon-iums - bedding plants

 

 

 

000

000

 

 

Pollen

Crocus species

Crocus

000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Honey, Nectar and Pollen

Ribes species

Currants

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

Honey and Nectar.
Major bee plant.

Prunus domestica

Damson

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

Honey, Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Taraxacum officinale
Grow with Clover and Alfalfa in Pots to help bees and birds

Dandelion

 

 

000

000

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.
White dead-nettle (Lamium album) regularly flowers thoughout winter months.

Lamium species

Dead-nettle

000

 

000

000

000

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.

Doronicum

Leopard's Bane

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

Pollen

Ulex minor

Dwarf Gorse

 

 

 

 

 

000

000

Pollen

Ulmus species

Elm

000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.

Escallonia species

Escallonia

 

 

 

 

000

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Foeniculum vulgare

Fennel

 

 

 

 

000

 

 

Honey, Nectar and Pollen. Major bee plant.

Vicia faba

Field bean, Broad Bean, French Bean, Kidney Bean and Runner Bean in the UK

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Nectar

Scrop-hularia species

Figwort

 

 

 

 

000

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.

Myosotis species

Forget-me-not

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

Nectar.
Honey in USA

Fuchsia magellanica

Fuschia

 

 

 

 

 

000

000

Nectar and Pollen

Solidago species

Golden rod

 

 

 

 

 

000

 

Nectar

Ribes uva-crispa

Gooseberry

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

Pollen

Ulex europaeus

Gorse

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

Honey, Nectar and Pollen. Major bee plant.

Crataegus species

Hawthorn

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

Pollen

Corylus avellana

Hazel

000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Heracleum species

Hogweed

 

 

 

 

000

 

 

Nectar. Periodical clipping of holly hedges prevents flowering. Clip in July instead

Ilex aquifolium

Holly

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

Pollen is in high demand this late in the season

Alcea rosea

Hollyhock

 

 

 

 

000

 

 

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen

Aesculus hippo-castanum

Horse-chestnut

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen
Major bee plant.
Ivy can produce a useful supply of nectar from October until the first frosts.

Hedera helix

Ivy

 

 

 

 

 

 

000

Nectar and Pollen

Polemonium caeruleum

Jacob's-ladder

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Honey and
Nectar

Centaurea species

Knapweed

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Nectar.
Also used by Bumblebees

Prunus laurocerasus

Laurel

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

Honey and Nectar.
Also used by Bumblebees

Lavendular angustifolia

Lavender

 

 

 

 

000

000

 

Honey and Nectar.
Also used by Bumblebees
Major bee plant.

Tilia species

Lime (Linden tree)

 

 

 

000

000

 

 

Honey, Nectar and Pollen. Major bee plant.

Calluna vulgaris

See Heather calluna Gallery

Ling Heather

 

 

 

 

 

000

000

Nectar

Medicago sativa

Lucerne

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.
Also used by Bumblebees

Mallow sylvestris

Mallow

 

 

 

 

 

000

 

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.
Also used by Bumblebees

Acer species

Maple

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar

Origanum vulgare

Marjoram

 

 

 

 

 

000

 

Pollen

Spiraea ulmaria

Meadow-sweet

 

 

 

000

000

000

 

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen

Aster species

Michaelmas daisy

 

 

 

 

 

000

000

Nectar.
Fields of mint are harvested before they flower.

Mentha species

Mint

 

 

 

 

 

000

 

Pollen

Verbascum species

Mullein

 

 

 

 

 

000

 

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen

Sinapsis alba and
Brassica juncea

Mustard

 

 

 

 

 

000

 

Pollen

Quercus species

Oak

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Brassica napus and
Brassica rapa

Oil-seed rape autumn sown

 

000

000

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Brassica napus and
Brassica rapa

Oil-seed rape spring sown

 

 

 

000

000

 

 

Nectar

Allium species

Onion

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Major bee plant.

Pyrus communis

Pear

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen
Major bee plant.

Phacelia tanacetifolia

Phacelia

 

 

 

000

000

 

 

Pollen

Plantago lanceolata

Plantain

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

Honey,
Nectar and
Pollen
Major bee plant.

Prunus domestica

Plum

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

Pollen

Papaver species

Poppy

 

 

 

 

000

 

 

Nectar from neglected privet hedges

Ligustrum ovalifolium

Privet

 

 

 

 

000

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Prunus laurocerasus, Prunus lusitanica

Prunus

000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Lythrum salicaria

Purple-loosestrife

 

 

 

 

 

000

 

Nectar and Pollen

Pyracantha coccinea

Firethorn

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.
Toxic to grazing animals.

Senecio jacobaea

Ragwort

 

 

 

 

000

 

 

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Rubus idaeus

Raspberry

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Nectar
Major bee plant.

Trifolium pratense

Red clover

 

 

 

 

 

000

 

Nectar and Pollen.
Also used by Bumblebees

Robinia pseudoacacia

False Acacia

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Pollen

Helianth-emum species

Rock-rose

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Salvia officinalis

Sage

 

 

 

 

000

000

 

Nectar

Scabiosa, Knautia and succisa species

Scabious

 

 

 

 

000

000

 

In coastal regions sea lavander will yield good nectar producing a light coloured honey.

Limonium species

Sea-lavender

 

 

 

 

 

000

 

Pollen is collected from the Wildflower but not from the double flowers of the garden varieties.

Galanthus nivalis

Snowdrop

000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Helianthus species

Sunflower

 

 

 

 

 

000

 

Pollen

Castanea sativa

Sweet Chestnut

 

 

 

 

000

 

 

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Acer pseudo-platanus

Sycamore

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Cirsium and Carduus species

Thistle

 

 

 

 

 

000

 

Nectar

Armeria maritima

Thrift

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

Nectar
Should be in every garden.

Thymus species

Thyme

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Nectar

Linaria species

Toadflax

 

 

 

 

 

000

 

Pollen

Clematis vitalba

Traveller's joy

 

 

 

 

 

000

 

Nectar and pollen.
Should be in every garden.

Veronica species

Veronica

 

 

 

 

000

 

 

Pollen

Vicia species

Vetch

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Nectar

Viola odorata

Violet

000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar

Echium vulgare

Viper's bugloss

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Parthen-ocissus quin-quefolia

Virginia creeper

 

 

 

 

 

000

 

Nectar and Pollen

Erysimum species

Wallflower

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Bryonia dioica

White bryony

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Trifolium
repens

White clover

 

 

 

000

000

 

 

Pollen

Rosa canina and Wildflower Rosa species

Wild rose

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen

Salix species

Willow

000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Chamae-nerion angustifolium

Rosebay Will-owherb

 

 

 

 

000

000

 

Nectar and Pollen

Eranthis hyemalis

Winter aconite

000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Erica species

Winter heaths

000

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pollen

Anemone nemerosa

Wood anemone

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar

Teucrium scorodonia

Wood sage

 

 

 

 

 

000

 

Nectar

Melilotus officinalis

Yellow melilot

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

there are also Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers from Plants Folder
0-24 inches (0-60 cms)
24-72 inches (60-180 cms)
Above 72 inches (180 cms)

and the following:-
ACER (Deciduous/Evergreen Shrub/Tree) in March-April
CHAENOMELES SPECIOSA (Herbaceous Perennial) in March-May
CROCUS (Bulb) in September-April
CYDONIA OBLONGA (Deciduous Shrub) in April-June
DAFFODIL (Bulb) in December-May
DAHLIA (Bulb) in June-November
DUTCH HYACINTH (Bulb) in March-April
HEATHERS (Evergreen Shrub) in every month
HEDERA HELIX (Evergreen Climber) in September-November as last major source of nectar and pollen in the year
HELIANTHEMUM (Deciduous Shrub) in June-August - Pollen only collected when the flowers open during sunny weather
HELENIUM (Herbaceous Perennial) in June-October
HELLEBORUS (Herbaceous Perennial) in January-March
HEUCHERA (Evergreen Perennial) in May-September
HIBISCUS (Deciduous Shrub) in August-September
ILEX (Evergreen Tree) in May-June
LAVANDULA (Annual, Herbaceous Perennial or Shrub) in June-July
LAVATERA (Annual, Biennial, or Herbaceous Perennial) in May-August
LEPTOSIPHON (Annual) in June-August
MAGNOLIA GRANDIFLORA (Evergreen Tree) in August-September
MALVA SYLVESTRIS (Biennial) in June-Septemberr
MENTHA (Herb) in July-August
NEMOPHILA (Annual) in April-June
NIGELLA (Annual) in July-September
PHILADELPHUS species only with single flowers (Shrub) in June
POLEMONIUM (Herbaceous Perennial) in April-June
PRUNUS CERASIFERA (Deciduous Tree) in February-March
PRUNUS LAUROCERASUS (Evergreen Shrub) in April-June
PYRACANTHA COCCINEA (Evergreen Shrub) in May-June
ROSES (Deciduous Shrub/Climber) in June-October
RUBUS IDAEUS (Raspberry) (Soft Fruit) in May-June
SALVIA SUPERBA (Herbaceous Perennial) in June-September - no bee garden should be without this plant - for those plants.
 

 

What and why are Beebombs?  

  • 97% of native British Wildflower habitat has been lost since World War 2. 
  • Wildflower habitats are where bees and butterflies make their lives.
  • With Beebombs you can re-create these lost habitats and to help bring back the bees.
  • Beebombs need no gardening skill and can be scattered straight onto open ground at any time of the year. 
  • Once scattered, Beebombs just need lots of water, sun and time. Wildflowers are hardy and adaptable but slow growers. This means that they can be out-competed by faster growing grasses and perennial weeds at the critical early stages, so straight onto soil is best if possible. 
  • The soil will help your Beebombs germinate and the clay will protect them as they dissipate.
  • Lots of sun and rain is of course important, as is time. 
  • Wildflowers are a little slower growers than many imported plants and flowers. Some will flower in the first year but most will not come out until the 2nd year.
     


The following details come from Cactus Art:-

"A flower is the the complex sexual reproductive structure of Angiosperms, typically consisting of an axis bearing perianth parts, androecium (male) and gynoecium (female).    

Bisexual flower show four distinctive parts arranged in rings inside each other which are technically modified leaves: Sepal, petal, stamen & pistil. This flower is referred to as complete (with all four parts) and perfect (with "male" stamens and "female" pistil). The ovary ripens into a fruit and the ovules inside develop into seeds.

Incomplete flowers are lacking one or more of the four main parts. Imperfect (unisexual) flowers contain a pistil or stamens, but not both. The colourful parts of a flower and its scent attract pollinators and guide them to the nectary, usually at the base of the flower tube.

partsofaflowersmallest1a1a1

 

Androecium (male Parts or stamens)
It is made up of the filament and anther, it is the pollen producing part of the plant.
Anther This is the part of the stamen that produces and contains pollen. 
Filament This is the fine hair-like stalk that the anther sits on top of.
Pollen This is the dust-like male reproductive cell of flowering plants.

Gynoecium (female Parts or carpels or pistil)
 It is made up of the stigma, style, and ovary. Each pistil is constructed of one to many rolled leaflike structures. Stigma This is the part of the pistil  which receives the pollen grains and on which they germinate. 
Style This is the long stalk that the stigma sits on top of. 
Ovary The part of the plant that contains the ovules. 
Ovule The part of the ovary that becomes the seeds. 

Petal 
The colorful, often bright part of the flower (corolla). 
Sepal 
The parts that look like little green leaves that cover the outside of a flower bud (calix). 
(Undifferentiated "Perianth segment" that are not clearly differentiated into sepals and petals, take the names of tepals.)"

........

The following details come from Nectary Genomics:-

"NECTAR. Many flowering plants attract potential pollinators by offering a reward of floral nectar. The primary solutes found in most nectars are varying ratios of sucrose, glucose and fructose, which can range from as little a 8% (w/w) in some species to as high as 80% in others. This abundance of simple sugars has resulted in the general perception that nectar consists of little more than sugar-water; however, numerous studies indicate that it is actually a complex mixture of components. Additional compounds found in a variety of nectars include other sugars, all 20 standard amino acids, phenolics, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, vitamins, organic acids, oils, free fatty acids, metal ions and proteins.

NECTARIES. An organ known as the floral nectary is responsible for producing the complex mixture of compounds found in nectar. Nectaries can occur in different areas of flowers, and often take on diverse forms in different species, even to the point of being used for taxonomic purposes. Nectaries undergo remarkable morphological and metabolic changes during the course of floral development. For example, it is known that pre-secretory nectaries in a number of species accumulate large amounts of starch, which is followed by a rapid degradation of amyloplast granules just prior to anthesis and nectar secretion. These sugars presumably serve as a source of nectar carbohydrate.

WHY STUDY NECTAR? Nearly one-third of all worldwide crops are dependent on animals to achieve efficient pollination. In addition, U.S. pollinator-dependent crops have been estimated to have an annual value of up to $15 billion. Many crop species are largely self-incompatible (not self-fertile) and almost entirely on animal pollinators to achieve full fecundity; poor pollinator visitation has been reported to reduce yields of certain species by up to 50%."


The following details about DOUBLE FLOWERS comes from Wikipedia:-

"Double-flowered" describes varieties of flowers with extra petals, often containing flowers within flowers. The double-flowered trait is often noted alongside the scientific name with the abbreviation fl. pl. (flore pleno, a Latin ablative form meaning "with full flower"). The first abnormality to be documented in flowers, double flowers are popular varieties of many commercial flower types, including roses, camellias and carnations. In some double-flowered varieties all of the reproductive organs are converted to petals — as a result, they are sexually sterile and must be propagated through cuttings. Many double-flowered plants have little wildlife value as access to the nectaries is typically blocked by the mutation.

There is further photographic, diagramatic and text about Double Flowers from an education department - dept.ca.uky.edu - in the University of Kentucky in America.

"Meet the plant hunter obsessed with double-flowering blooms" - an article from The Telegraph.
 

 

Colour Wheel of All Flowers

Primary Colours:-
Red.
Yellow.
Blue.

Secondary Colours:-
Orange.
Green.
Violet.

Tertiary Colours:-
Red Orange.
Yellow Orange.
Yellow Green.
Blue Green.
Blue Violet.
Red Violet.

colourwheelclickexported2a1a1a1a

 

Rock Garden (Alpines) suitable for Small Gardens in 53 Colours

Click on number in flower colour required in that month.

colourwheelexported1a1a1a1

FLOWERING IN MONTH
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
 

"Soils vary enormously in characteristics, but the size of the particles that make up a soil defines its gardening characteristics:

  • Clay: less than 0.002mm
  • Silt: 0.002-0.05mm
  • Sand: 0.05-2mm
  • Stones: bigger than 2mm in size
  • Chalky soils also contain calcium carbonate or lime

The dominating particle size gives soil its characteristics and because the tiny clay particles have a huge surface area for a given volume of clay they dominate the other particles:

  • Clay soils have over 25 percent clay. Also known as heavy soils, these are potentially fertile as they hold nutrients bound to the clay minerals in the soil. But they also hold a high proportion of water due to the capillary attraction of the tiny spaces between the numerous clay particles. They drain slowly and take longer to warm up in spring than sandy soils. Clay soils are easily compacted when trodden on while wet and they bake hard in summer, often cracking noticeably.
  • Sandy soils have high proportion of sand and little clay. Also known as light soils, these soils drain quickly after rain or watering, are easy to cultivate and work. They warm up more quickly in spring than clay soils. But on the downside, they dry out quickly and are low in plant nutrients, which are quickly washed out by rain. Sandy soils are often very acidic.
  • Silt soils, comprised mainly of intermediate sized particles, are fertile, fairly well drained and hold more moisture than sandy soils, but are easily compacted
  • Loams are comprised of a mixture of clay, sand and silt that avoid the extremes of clay or sandy soils and are fertile, well-drained and easily worked. They can be clay-loam or sandy-loam depending on their predominant composition and cultivation characteristics.
  • Peat soils are mainly organic matter and are usually very fertile and hold much moisture. They are seldom found in gardens.
  • Chalky or lime-rich soils may be light or heavy but are largely made up of calcium carbonate and are very alkaline." from Royal Horticultural Society.

PLANTS PAGE
MENU
Introduction
Site Map
 

PLANT USE
Plant Selection
Level 1
Bee Forage Plants
Attracts Bird/Butterfly
Photos - Butterfly

Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers
0-24 inches
(0-60 cms)
24-72 inches
(60-180 cms)
Above 72 inches
(180 cms)
Photos -
Bloom per Month
Blooms Nov-Feb
Blooms Mar-May
Blooms Jun-Aug 1, 2
Blooms Sep-Oct

Groundcover Height
0-24 inches
(0-60 cms)
24-72 inches
(60-180 cms)
Above 72 inches
(180 cms)
 

Poisonous Cultivated and UK Wildflower Plants with Photos
or
Cultivated Poisonous Plants
or
Wildflower Poisonous Plants
Rabbit-Resistant Plant
Flower Arranging
Wildflower
Photos - Wildflowers

 


PLANTS FOR SOIL
Plant Selection
Level 2
Info - Any Soil
Plants - Any Soil A-F
Plants - Any Soil G-L
Plants - Any Soil M-R
Plants - Any Soil S-Z

Info - Chalky Soil
Plants - Chalk Soil A-F
Plants - Chalk Soil G-L
Plants - Chalk Soil M-R
Plants - Chalk Soil S-Z

Info - Clay Soil
Plants - Clay Soil A-F
Plants - Clay Soil G-L
Plants - Clay Soil M-R
Plants - Clay Soil S-Z

Info - Lime-Free Soil
Plants - Lime-Free Soil A-F
Plants - Lime-Free Soil G-L
Plants - Lime-Free Soil M-R
Plants - Lime-Free Soil S-Z

Info - Sandy Soil
Plants - Sand Soil A-F
Plants - Sand Soil G-L
Plants - Sand Soil M-R
Plants - Sand Soil S-Z

Info - Peaty Soils
Plants - Peaty Soil A-F
Plants - Peaty Soil G-L
Plants - Peaty Soil M-R
Plants - Peaty Soil S-Z

Following parts of Level 2a,
Level 2b,
Level 2c and
Level 2d are included in separate columns
together with
Acid Soil,
Alkaline Soil,
Any Soil,
Height and Spread,
Flowering Months and
Flower Colour in their Columns,
and also
Companion Plants to aid this plant Page,
Alpine Plant for Rock Garden Index Page
Native to UK WildFlower Plant in its Family Page in this website
and/or
Level 2cc
in the Comment Column
within each
of the Soil Type Pages of
Level 2

PLANTS PAGE MENU

 


Plant Selection by Plant Requirements
Level 2a
Sun aspect, Moisture


Plant Selection by Form
Level 2b
Tree Growth Shape
Shrub/Perennial Growth Habit


Plant Selection by Garden Use
Level 2c
Bedding
Photos - Bedding
Bog Garden
Coastal Conditions
Containers in Garden
Front of Border
Hanging Basket
Hedge
Photos - Hedging
Pollution Barrier
Rest of Border
Rock Garden
Photos - Rock Garden
Thorny Hedge
Windbreak
Woodland


Plant Selection by Garden Use
Level 2cc Others
Aquatic
Back of Shady Border
Crevice Garden
Desert Garden
Raised Bed
Scree Bed
Specimen Plant
Trees for Lawns
Trees for Small Garden
Wildflower
Photos - Wildflowers


Plant Selection by Plant Type
Level 2d
Alpine
Photos - Evergr Per
Photos - Herbac Per
Photos - RHS Herbac
Photos - Rock Garden
Annual
Bamboo
Photos - Bamboo
Biennial
Bulb
Photos - Bulb
Climber
Photos - Climber
Conifer
Deciduous Rhizome
Deciduous Shrub
Photos - Decid Shrub
Evergreen Perennial
Photos - Evergr Per
Evergreen Shrub
Photos - Evergr Shrub
Fern
Photos - Fern
Fruit Plant
Grass
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Photos - Herbac Per
Remaining Top Fruit
Soft Fruit
Sub-Shrub
Top Fruit
Tuber
Vegetable
Photos - Vegetable

PLANTS PAGE MENU

 


REFINING SELECTION
Plant Selection by
Flower Colour
Level 3a
Blue Flowers
Photos - Bedding
Photos - Bulb
Photos - Climber
Photos - Evergr Per
Photos - Evergr Shrub
Photos - Wild Flower

Orange Flowers
Photos - Bedding
Photos - Wild Flower

Other Colour Flowers
Photos - Bedding
Photos - Bulb
Photos - Climber
Photos - Evergr Per
Photos - Evergr Shrub
Photos - Wild Flower

Red Flowers
Photos - Bedding
Photos - Bulb
Photos - Climber
Photos - Decid Shrub
Photos - Evergr Per
Photos - Evergr Shrub
Photos - Herbac Per
Photos - Rose
Photos - Wild Flower

White Flowers
Photos - Bedding
Photos - Bulb
Photos - Climber
Photos - Decid Shrub
Photos - Decid Tree
Photos - Evergr Per
Photos - Evergr Shrub
Photos - Herbac Per
Photos - Rose
Photos - Wild Flower

Yellow Flowers
Photos - Bedding
Photos - Bulb
Photos - Climber
Photos - Decid Shrub
Photos - Evergr Per
Photos - Evergr Shrub
Photos - Herbac Per
Photos - Rose
Photos - Wild Flower


Photos - 53 Colours in its Colour Wheel Gallery

Photos - 12 Flower Colours per Month in its Bloom Colour Wheel Gallery


Plant Selection by Flower Shape
Level 3b
Photos - Bedding
Photos - Evergr Per
Photos - Herbac Per


Plant Selection by Foliage Colour
Level 3c
Aromatic Foliage
Finely Cut Leaves
Large Leaves
Other
Non-Green Foliage 1
Non-Green Foliage 2
Sword-shaped Leaves

 


PRUNING
Plant Selection by Pruning Requirements
Level 4
Pruning Plants

 


GROUNDCOVER PLANT DETAIL
Plant Selection Level 5
Plant Name - A
Plant Name - B
Plant Name - C
Plant Name - D
Plant Name - E
Plant Name - F
Plant Name - G
Plant Name - H
Plant Name - I
Plant Name - J
Plant Name - K
Plant Name - L
Plant Name - M
Plant Name - N
Plant Name - O
Plant Name - P
Plant Name - Q
Plant Name - R
Plant Name - S
Plant Name - T
Plant Name - U
Plant Name - V
Plant Name - W
Plant Name - XYZ

 


Then, finally use
COMPANION PLANTING to
aid your plant selected or to
deter Pests
Plant Selection Level 6


THE 2 EUREKA EFFECT PAGES FOR UNDERSTANDING SOIL AND HOW PLANTS INTERACT WITH IT OUT OF 15,000:-


Explanation of Structure of this Website with User Guidelines Page for those photo galleries with Photos (of either ones I have taken myself or others which have been loaned only for use on this website from external sources)
 

There are other pages on Plants which bloom in each month of the year in this website:-

 

 

 

I hope that you find that the information in this website is useful to you:-

I like reading and that is shown by the index in my Library, where I provide lists of books to take you between designing, maintaining or building a garden and the hierarchy of books on plants taking you from

There are these systems for choosing plants as shown in

82 rock garden plants (with photos) suitable for small garden areas; split into:-

  • 2 ALLIUM and ANEMONE Bulbs
  • 3 BULBS - Spring Catalogue. For planting in February/ May
  • 2 BULBS - Late Summer Catalogue. For planting in July/ September
  • 7 BULBS - Autumn Catalogue. For planting in September/ November
  • 2 Bulbs - Winter Catalogue. For planting in November/ March
  • 35 COLCHICUM AND CROCUS BULBS.
  • 0 DECIDUOUS SHRUBS
  • 30 EVERGREEN PERENNIALS
  • 1 EVERGREEN SHRUBS
  • 0 HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS
  • 0 ROSES
  • in the Rock Plant Flowers Gallery.
    All the remaining rock garden plants detailed in the Rock Garden Plant Index pages in the Rock Plant Flowers are waiting to receive photos, before they can be added to the 1 of the 52 Rockgarden Colour Wheel - Flowers Pages and then the above list.

I am taking photos of rock garden plants suitable for small gardens and if they do not have their own Plant Description Page in this website, then each photo of each plant will be located at the bottom of the relevant 1 of 52 Rockgarden Flower Colour Wheel pages. Usually a link in *** to that page of 35 will be included in the Name field of the respective Index Page, for:-

  • 15 BULBS, CORMS and TUBERS
  • 4 EVERGREEN SUBSHRUBS
  • 7 EVERGREEN PERENNIALS
  • 2 EVERGREEN SHRUBS
  • 7 HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS
  • Then a link using More Photos Page links to the Rock Plant Photos Gallery for each of the above 35 Rock Garden Plants
     


All-purpose Seaweed Stimulant
All-purpose organic concentrated seaweed feed that is a ready to use, derived from sustainable harvested kelp, that can be used on all outdoor and indoor plants, except acid loving plants, use our Ericaceous seaweed stimulant instead.
Perfect used in conjunction with Rootgrow™.
The product contains very high levels of auxins and cytokins that are naturally plant growth promoters.
The natural hormones in Empathy All Purpose Seaweed are taken up by the plant and promote faster and stronger root and shoot growth. They will also promote the development of beneficial bacteria, microbes and the Mycorrhizal Fungi in the soil.
 


Plants and Beekeeping by Howes, F.N. originally published prior to 1923, republished by Amazon on 211 March 2007 and it represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. Its contents are being used in the creation of this Bee-pollinated Bloom Index Gallery. I insert the plant names into this Index, but I cannot insert all the useful data as well!
item16a1a1a item15a1a1a item14a1a1a item13a1a1a item12a1a1a item11a1a1a item10a1a1a item9a1a1 item8a1a1 item7a1a1 item5a1a1a item4a1a1 item3a1a1 item1b2a1a item16a1a1a item15a1a1a item14a1a1a item13a1a1a item12a1a1a item11a1a1a item10a1a1a item9a1a1 item8a1a1 item7a1a1 item5a1a1a item4a1a1 item3a1a1 item1b2a1a item32b1b1a1 item29b1b1a1 item27b1b1a1 item25b1b1a1 item23b1b1a1 item22b1b1a1 item21b1b1a1 item51a1b1b1a1 item43a1b1b1a1 item39a1b1b1a1 item14a1b1b1a1 item12a1b1b1a1 item11a1b1b1a1 item9a1b1b1a1 item7a1b1b1a1 item3a1b1b1a1 item2a1b1b1a1 item32b1b1a1 item29b1b1a1 item27b1b1a1 item25b1b1a1 item23b1b1a1 item22b1b1a1 item21b1b1a1 item51a1b1b1a1 item43a1b1b1a1 item39a1b1b1a1 item14a1b1b1a1 item12a1b1b1a1 item11a1b1b1a1 item9a1b1b1a1 item7a1b1b1a1 item3a1b1b1a1 item2a1b1b1a1 item2a1a1a1a1 item54a1a1a1a1a item53a1a1a1a1a item52b1a1a1a1a item51a1a1a1a1a item50a1a1a1a1a item49a1a1a1a1a item48a1a1a1a1a item47a1a1a1a1a item46a1a1a1a1a item45a1a1a1a1a item44a1a1a1a1a item43a1a1a1a1a item42a1a1a1a1a item41a1a1a1a1a item40a1a1a1a1a item39a1a1a1a1a item37a1a1a1a1a item36a1a1a1a1a item35a1a1a1a1a item34a1a1a1a1a item33a1a1a1a1a item32a1a1a1a1a item31a1a1a1a1a item29a1a1a1a1a item28a1a1a1a1a item27a1a1a1a1a item26a1a1a1a1a item25a1a1a1a1a item24a1a1a1a1a item23a1a1a1a1a item22a1a1a1a1a item20a1a1a1a1a item19a1a1a1a1a item18a1a1a1a1a item17a1a1a1a1a item16a1a1a1a1a item15a1a1a1a1a item14a1a1a1a1a item11a1a1a1a1a item10a1a1a1a1a item9a1a1a1a1a item8a1a1a1a1a item7a1a1a1a1a item4a1a1a1a1a item3a1a1a1a1a item2a1a1a1a1a1 item54a1a1a1a1a item53a1a1a1a1a item52b1a1a1a1a item51a1a1a1a1a item50a1a1a1a1a item49a1a1a1a1a item48a1a1a1a1a item47a1a1a1a1a item46a1a1a1a1a item45a1a1a1a1a item44a1a1a1a1a item43a1a1a1a1a item42a1a1a1a1a item41a1a1a1a1a item40a1a1a1a1a item39a1a1a1a1a item37a1a1a1a1a item36a1a1a1a1a item35a1a1a1a1a item34a1a1a1a1a item33a1a1a1a1a item32a1a1a1a1a item31a1a1a1a1a item29a1a1a1a1a item28a1a1a1a1a item27a1a1a1a1a item26a1a1a1a1a item25a1a1a1a1a item24a1a1a1a1a item23a1a1a1a1a item22a1a1a1a1a item20a1a1a1a1a item19a1a1a1a1a item18a1a1a1a1a item17a1a1a1a1a item16a1a1a1a1a item15a1a1a1a1a item14a1a1a1a1a item11a1a1a1a1a item10a1a1a1a1a item9a1a1a1a1a item8a1a1a1a1a item7a1a1a1a1a item4a1a1a1a1a item3a1a1a1a1a item2a1a1a1a1a1 item53a1a2a1a item52a1a1a1b item51a1a2a1a item45a1a2a1a item37a1a2a1a item36a1a2a1a item35a1a2a1a item34a1a2a1a item32a1a2a1a item31a1a2a1a item29a1a2a1a item28a1a2a1a item27a1a2a1a item25a1a2a1a item24a1a2a1a item23a1a2a1a item22a1a2a1a item18a1a2a1a item14a1a2a1a item11a1a2a1a item8a1a2a1a item7a1a2a1a item4a1a2a1a item3a1a2a1a item2a2a1a1 item53a1a2a1a item52a1a1a1b item51a1a2a1a item45a1a2a1a item37a1a2a1a item36a1a2a1a item35a1a2a1a item34a1a2a1a item32a1a2a1a item31a1a2a1a item29a1a2a1a item28a1a2a1a item27a1a2a1a item25a1a2a1a item24a1a2a1a item23a1a2a1a item22a1a2a1a item18a1a2a1a item14a1a2a1a item11a1a2a1a item8a1a2a1a item7a1a2a1a item4a1a2a1a item3a1a2a1a item2a2a1a1