FERN PLANTS GALLERY PAGES Fern Culture with British Ferns and their Allies comprising the Ferns, Club-mosses, Pepperworts and Horsetails by Thomas Moore, F.L.S, F.H.S., Etc. London George Routledge and Sons, Broadway, Ludgate Hill. Hardcover published in 1861 provides details on British Ferns |
TYPE OF FERN TO GROW
Where to see UNITED STATES WALES |
USE OF FERN
Where to see AUSTRALIA CANADA ENGLAND FRANCE GERMANY IRELAND NETHERLANDS
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SPORE COLOUR BED PICTURES Where to see NEW ZEALAND SCOTLAND UNITED STATES |
A Natural History of Britain's Ferns by Christopher N. Page. Published by William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd in 1988. ISBN 0 00 219382 5 (limpback edition) provides details of Coastal, Man-made Landscapes, Woodland, Wetland, Grassland and Rock Outcrops, Heath and Moorland, Lower Mountain Habitats, Upper Mountain Habitats and Atlantic Fringe Ferns. Tree Ferns by Mark F. Large & John E. Braggins. Published by Timber Press in 2004. ISBN 978-1-60469-176-4 is a scientifically accurate book dealing with Tree Fern species cultivated in the United States and the Pacific, but little known and rare tree ferns are also included. The Observer's Book of Ferns, revised by Francis Rose, previous editions compiled by W.J.Stokoe. Published by Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd in 1965 provides a comprehensive guide to 45 British species of Ferns. It provides details of habitat and how to use those ferns. The Plant Lover's Guide to Ferns by Richard Steffen & Sue Olsen. Published in 2015 by Timber Press, Inc. ISBN 978-1-60469- Success with Indoor Ferns, edited by Lesley Young. Reprinted 1998. ISBN 1 85391 554 8. It details the care of indoor ferns with their position, choice and fern care. |
Where to see UNITED STATES |
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USE OF FERN as Indoor Ferns in the UK from Ferns for Home and Garden Flowers & Plants. Published by Magna Books in 1995. ISBN 1 85422 888 9. Design and text of plan, planting plan, flowering and colour scheme: Bureau Willemien Dijkshoorn BNT, Amsterdam:-
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Fern |
Foliage Colour and Some details from The standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture in 3 Volumes by L.H Bailey. Published by The Macmillan Company in 1939 |
Height x Spread in inches (cms) |
Type of Fern to Grow |
Use of Fern |
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Frond |
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Davallia bullata India, Sri Lanka, China, Japan Davallia (deersfoot fern, hare's foot fern, shinobu fern, rabbit foot fern, ball fern is a genus of about 40 species of ferns in the family Davalliaceae. They are epiphytic ferns, with fronds arising from long aerial rhizomes which grow on and over thick bark on trees or on rock crevices. Davallia are often used in hanging baskets because the rhizomes split into sections and the surface is covered quickly. Unlike other ferns, Davallia tolerate low levels of humidity. |
Rootstock creeping, clothed with whitish or light brown hair-like scales; leaves scattered, 6-10 inches (15-25 cms) long, 4-6 inches (10-15 cms) wide, quadripinnatifid, with deeply incised segments; texture firm. It is epiphytic, that is to say in its natural environment it grows mainly on trees. A mature plant can grow to a height of 15 – 20 centimetres with a similar width.
The bluish green, tripinnate leaves are alternate. The leaflets are linear and have entire margins. The perennials prefer a half-shady situation on moist soil. They tolerate temperatures only above at least 1°C (USDA zone 10). The ornamental value of Davallia bullata lies especially in the ornamental leaves. |
6-8 x 16 |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in pans under bell-glass in temperature 55-75F (13-24C) at any time; division of rhizomes in February or March. See Growing Davallia Species Indoors in Davallia corniculata description. |
Suitable for House Fern in a Trough by windowsill in a Heated Greenhouse, Hanging Basket, Fernball or Terrarium in UK. Shade-tolerant Fern growing on trees (epiphytic) in Woodland in native habitat.
Greenhouse evergreen Ferns. |
Greenhouse Evergreen Fern. It grows readily in a basket or pot of coarse mixture. Plants become deciduous over winter and should be kept on the dry side until new fronds appear. Often sold for house cultivation in the form of a fern-ball. It grows well in shady places. It grows from 20 to 35 cm. It has deciduous bullata and its leaflets are linear. Davallia bullata is a house plant with attractive dark green leaves and hairy dark brown rhizomes (horizontal roots) resembling the hooves of a deer, hence ‘Deer’s foot fern’. Davalia bullata is a must for any lover of exotic plants. It is characterised by shiny triangular fronds and distinctive root stalks. It is suitable for a windowsill or a terrarium with plenty of light and circulating air. |
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Davallia bullata. Date: 21 August 2007. By Frank Vincentz wit permission GFDL (self made) via Wikimedia Commons. Davallia bullata. Date: 21 August 2007. By Frank Vincentz wit permission GFDL (self made) via Wikimedia Commons. |
"Old plants of Davallia may be cut into a number of smaller ones with a sharp knife. Planted firmly into shallow pans and placed in a temperature of 60-65F (15-18C), they soon develop into symetrical plants. The rhizomes should be firmly fastened to soil by strong copper-wire staples, where they will root in a short time. To gain a large number of small plants, the rhizomes should be detached, cleaned from all soil and roots, laid on sand and thinly covered with moss. Placed in a shaded position in a temperature of 65-70F (18-21C), and kept moderately moist, a number of small plants will develop from the dormant eyes, which may be separately potted as soon as of sufficient size. |
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Davallia divaricata (Araiostegia divaricata; Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; Pacific islands (Solomon Islands)]. Siam Greenculture ship plants anywhere, anytime, and can likely send you over 300 species of rare fern and allies - including this one - no matter where in the world you happen to live. |
A very attractive davallia prized for its large, finely-divided, deep green fronds and its rhizomes covered with coarse, dark-coloured, spreading scales. New fronds are red to crimson. Rootstock with linear rusty scales: leaves tri-pinnatifid, sometimes 2' (24 inches, 60 cms) broad, with deltoid segments cut into linear-oblong lobes; sori at some distance from the edge. |
24-48 x |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in pans under bell-glass in temperature 55-75F (13-24C) at any time; division of rhizomes in February or March. See Growing Davallia Species Indoors in Davallia corniculata description. |
Suitable for House Fern in a Hanging Basket in Conservatory in UK.
Stove and greenhouse evergreen Ferns. |
Stove Evergreen Fern. Makes an excellent basket plant and can be developed into a large specimen. Generally epiphytic, sometimes epilithic on limestone, rarely terrestrial, mostly in dense forests, sometimes on dry places; sea level to 1900 m. On mossy tree trunks or on rocks near streams in light shade or in clearing and on ridge and at low or medium altitudes in Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. A large specie with large and gracefully lacy fronds reaching 30-50 cm. The frond rises from large, blackish rhizome is black covered with short hair when young. Does exceedingly well in fairly dry compost under light shade. Best suit for hanging basket. |
Davallia divaricata. Figure 1055. It may be cited as 'eFloras (2008). Published on the Internet http://www.efloras.org [accessed 12 June 2019]' Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. "Old plants of Davallia may be cut into a number of smaller ones with a sharp knife. Planted firmly into shallow pans and placed in a temperature of 60-65F (15-18C), they soon develop into symetrical plants. The rhizomes should be firmly fastened to soil by strong copper-wire staples, where they will root in a short time. To gain a large number of small plants, the rhizomes should be detached, cleaned from all soil and roots, laid on sand and thinly covered with moss. Placed in a shaded position in a temperature of 65-70F (18-21C), and kept moderately moist, a number of small plants will develop from the dormant eyes, which may be separately potted as soon as of sufficient size. |
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Davallia fejeensis (Davallia solida var. fejeensis) Native to Fiji and the Austral Islands. Non-toxic for cats, dogs and horses. |
Plants are very long-lived and individual fronds on healthy plants may last 2-3 years. The thick rhizomes usually grow through the air. The Davallia fejeensis belongs to a genus of 40 plants that are epiphytic in nature, which means they grow on trees or within rock crevices taking moisture and nutrients from other sources "not soil" such as air, rain, trees and other debris. |
8-40 x |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in pans under bell-glass in temperature 55-75F (13-24C) at any time; division of rhizomes in February or March. See Growing Davallia Species Indoors in Davallia corniculata description. |
Suitable for House Fern.
Stove and greenhouse evergreen Ferns. |
Stove Evergreen Fern. A choice, extremely popular fern which is favoured for basket culture and can be grown into large specimens. It has medium- to long-creeping rhizomes. Grows well under medium light in drained, moist-dry potting mix or uncut moss. |
Davallia fejeensis, in the United States Botanic Garden, Washington, DC, USA. Date June 2008. By Daderot via Wikimedia Commons. "Old plants of Davallia may be cut into a number of smaller ones with a sharp knife. Planted firmly into shallow pans and placed in a temperature of 60-65F (15-18C), they soon develop into symetrical plants. The rhizomes should be firmly fastened to soil by strong copper-wire staples, where they will root in a short time. To gain a large number of small plants, the rhizomes should be detached, cleaned from all soil and roots, laid on sand and thinly covered with moss. Placed in a shaded position in a temperature of 65-70F (18-21C), and kept moderately moist, a number of small plants will develop from the dormant eyes, which may be separately potted as soon as of sufficient size. |
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Davallia plumosa (Davallia solida) Samao |
The fronds have relatively large leathery dark green segments and the young rhizomes are covered with spreading black scales. Plants need a fibrous or coarse mixture, warmth, humidity and air movement. |
8-18 x |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in pans under bell-glass in temperature 55-75F (13-24C) at any time; division of rhizomes in February or March. See Growing Davallia Species Indoors in Davallia corniculata description. |
Suitable for Hanging Basket in Heated Greenhouse or Conservatory in the UK. Stove and greenhouse evergreen Ferns. |
Stove Evergreen Fern. This fern makes an exceptionally fine basket plant. |
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"Old plants of Davallia may be cut into a number of smaller ones with a sharp knife. Planted firmly into shallow pans and placed in a temperature of 60-65F (15-18C), they soon develop into symetrical plants. The rhizomes should be firmly fastened to soil by strong copper-wire staples, where they will root in a short time. To gain a large number of small plants, the rhizomes should be detached, cleaned from all soil and roots, laid on sand and thinly covered with moss. Placed in a shaded position in a temperature of 65-70F (18-21C), and kept moderately moist, a number of small plants will develop from the dormant eyes, which may be separately potted as soon as of sufficient size. |
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Davallia pyxidata (Davallia solida var. pyxidata) Zones 8-9 Australia - Endemic and relatively common in coastal eastern Australia, with scattered occurrences in inland forests (Qld, N.S.W.) and an isolated southernmost locality in the Grampian Ranges, Victoria. |
An easily grown fern with woody, erect or spreading rhizomes and leathery, dark green fronds. Juvenile or sterile fronds may be coarsely-divided, while fertile fronds are much finer. Rootstock clothed with pale brown linear scales: leaf-blades tri-quadripinnatifid, 6-9 inches (15-22.5 cms) broad, with oblong segments; sori with a broad space outside, which is extended into a horn-like projection. Can grow in cool areas of Australia. |
12-32 x 40 |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in pans under bell-glass in temperature 55-75F (13-24C) at any time; division of rhizomes in February or March. See Growing Davallia Species Indoors in Davallia corniculata description. |
Suitable for House Fern in a Trough or in a Hanging Basket within a Heated Greenhouse or in Outdoors Container as bedding plant among rocks in a Rock Garden (bring inside during a very cold winter) within the UK.
Greenhouse evergreen Ferns. |
Greenhouse Evergreen Fern. Can be grown in a pot or basket or among rocks in the garden. A small-medium fern with medium- to long-creeping rhizomes. Best grown under medium-high light in well-drained, moist-dry potting mix or uncut moss. The plants are sometimes used as bedding plants. The stiff, upward-growing rhizomes do not make for a good basket plant. An ideal species for growing in hanging baskets on the veranda in South Africa. It bears attractive, feathery, dark green leaves. Tuck several plants into the perimeter of a coir-lined basket to form a round ball of feathery fronds. Fill the basket with a mixture of compost and acid compost and keep the coir moist. Mist-spray the fronds with water in hot, dry weather. |
It is a variety of fern that occurs in eastern Australia and is usually identified as a lithophyte or epiphyte in or near rainforest areas. However, it may also be seen in a few locations west of the Great Dividing Range. Listed as vulnerable in Victoria, occurring in the Grampians. In Victoria known only from crevices of exposed sandstone cliffs in the Black Range (west of the Grampians). The fronds of the Victorian specimens are less than 20 cm tall (they can reach 60 cm elsewhere). |
Fern West Head underside sori, likely to be Davallia solida var. pyxidata. Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park, Australia.. Date: 29 June 2011. By Poyt448 Peter Woodard via Wikimedia Commons. Hares foot on Hawkesbury Sandstone. West Head, Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park, Australia. Fern is likely to be Davallia solida var. pyxidata. Date: 29 June 2011. By Poyt448 Peter Woodard via Wikimedia Commons.
See other photos. |
"Old plants of Davallia may be cut into a number of smaller ones with a sharp knife. Planted firmly into shallow pans and placed in a temperature of 60-65F (15-18C), they soon develop into symetrical plants. The rhizomes should be firmly fastened to soil by strong copper-wire staples, where they will root in a short time. To gain a large number of small plants, the rhizomes should be detached, cleaned from all soil and roots, laid on sand and thinly covered with moss. Placed in a shaded position in a temperature of 65-70F (18-21C), and kept moderately moist, a number of small plants will develop from the dormant eyes, which may be separately potted as soon as of sufficient size. |
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Davallia solida (Trichomanes solidum; CHAMORRO: Pugua 'machena.
Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam (Tonkin); Pacific islands. |
A handsome fern, with large feathery fronds that are usually dark green and shiny. These are coarsely-divided and are often a dark purple when young. The thick rhizomes grow stiffly away from the compost. There is considerable range in the degree of frond division. Rootstock clothed with adpressed scales or fibers: leaves 1-2 feet (12-24 inches, 30-60 cms) long, 12-15 inches (30-37.5 cms) wide, the center of the apex broad and undivided; segments broad and slightly cut; indusia marginal. Sori terminal on veinlets, at margin of ultimate segments; involucre cup-shaped, up to 1.5 mm long, about twice as long as wide. |
24-48 x |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in pans under bell-glass in temperature 55-75F (13-24C) at any time; division of rhizomes in February or March. See Growing Davallia Species Indoors in Davallia corniculata description. |
Suitable for
Stove evergreen Ferns. |
Stove Evergreen Fern. Makes an attractive basket plant. Epiphytic, epilithic on different kinds of rocks, or terrestrial on different kinds of soils, in exposed places or in deep shade, from open rocky places and savannas to primary rain forests; sea level to 1500 m. Davallia solida is a widespread species and generally is easily recognizable by the black rhizome, which bears hairy scales that soon fall off leaving only the bases. It has medium- to longer creeping rhizomes and grows well under medium light in potting mix or uncut moss kept moist-dry and given good drainage. On tree trunks or on rocks in half-shaded places or in some dense evergreen forests at altitudes below 300 m in Thailand, Laos and Cambodia. |
Davalia solida. By Jerzy Opioła via Wikimedia Commons. "Old plants of Davallia may be cut into a number of smaller ones with a sharp knife. Planted firmly into shallow pans and placed in a temperature of 60-65F (15-18C), they soon develop into symetrical plants. The rhizomes should be firmly fastened to soil by strong copper-wire staples, where they will root in a short time. To gain a large number of small plants, the rhizomes should be detached, cleaned from all soil and roots, laid on sand and thinly covered with moss. Placed in a shaded position in a temperature of 65-70F (18-21C), and kept moderately moist, a number of small plants will develop from the dormant eyes, which may be separately potted as soon as of sufficient size. |
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Tasman's davallia, Three Kings davallia Three Kings Islands and Tasmania (Endemic to New Zealand) Plants grow readily in temperate regions, but do not thrive in hotter climates.
Distinguishing features of |
It is a handsome species with its closely placed, finely-divided leathery fronds. |
8-20 x 20 |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in pans under bell-glass in temperature 55-75F (13-24C) at any time; division of rhizomes in February or March. See Growing Davallia Species Indoors in Davallia corniculata description. It grows well in dry place and the growth is very slow. It can grow from spores and rooted pieces. Each group of sporangia (a sorus) is inside a distinctive pouch-like covering (indusium) making this an easy fern to identify. |
Suitable for House Fern in Trough or Hanging Basket within Conservatory.
Stove and greenhouse evergreen Ferns. |
Stove Evergreen Fern. A very hardy and cold-resistant fern which can be grown as a ground cover among rocks or in a basket. Davallia tasmanii is primarily a terrestrial species found on rocky banks, rock outcrops and scree slopes in exposed situations or under coastal scrub. Occasionally it is also found as an epiphyte. Grow Davallia tasmanii in well-drained soil or compost. It does well in containers, even when root-bound, and resents root disturbance. It’s ideal for growing as part of a permanent container display in a sunny spot. Frost tender, you may need to move it undercover for winter in the UK. See photos. |
Davallia tasmania, Auckland Winter Garden, Fernery. Date: 22 November 2011. By Andy king50 via Wikimedia Commons. "Old plants of Davallia may be cut into a number of smaller ones with a sharp knife. Planted firmly into shallow pans and placed in a temperature of 60-65F (15-18C), they soon develop into symetrical plants. The rhizomes should be firmly fastened to soil by strong copper-wire staples, where they will root in a short time. To gain a large number of small plants, the rhizomes should be detached, cleaned from all soil and roots, laid on sand and thinly covered with moss. Placed in a shaded position in a temperature of 65-70F (18-21C), and kept moderately moist, a number of small plants will develop from the dormant eyes, which may be separately potted as soon as of sufficient size. |
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Davallia tricho-manoides + 骨碎补 gu sui bu Malaysia, New Guinea, Indonesia
Temperate - |
Valued for its neat habit, refreshing lacy fronds and interesting furry rhizomes which wander at will. Plants are deciduous for a short period but new fronds are quickly produced. In the typical form, the rhizome scales are yellowish-brown and in forma barbata they are reddish-brown and the frond margins are less deeply incised. The variety lorrainii has dark-coloured rhizome scales and sparser fronds than other forms. Can grow in cool areas in native districts. A tender, clump-forming, spreading, deciduous fern. Davallia trichomanoides will reach a height of 0.45m and a spread of 0.3m after 5-10 years. |
8-16 x Glass Box Tropicals was created in 2012 in order to provide terrarium hobbyists with an increasingly vast assortment of plants suited for use with poison dart frogs. In addition to growing many of the plants that we offer, we also work with select commercial nurseries in the United States of America and abroad. As Glass Box Tropicals has grown, we have also begun to offer a wide array of other supplies commonly needed when growing plants, building and maintaining terrariums, culturing and caring for microfauna, and caring for poison dart frogs and other terrarium inhabitants. Many of the products we now offer are sourced from all over the world in order to aid you in building your personal rainforest. We are located in Lansing, Michigan and are currently an online store only. |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By spores sown on surface of sandy peat in pans under bell-glass in temperature 55-75F (13-24C) at any time; division of rhizomes in February or March. See Growing Davallia Species Indoors in Davallia corniculata description. |
Suitable for House Fern in Trough Garden or Terrarium in the UK. Stove and greenhouse evergreen Ferns. |
Stove Evergreen Fern. A popular fern with fern enthusiasts and general gardeners alike. Excellent for baskets or pots. Epiphytic and epilithic on different kinds of rocks, mostly in wet places, sometimes on dry, exposed places; 100-3500 m. Partial or full shade is required for the growth of it. It can survive in dryness. Davallia trichomanoides is one of the more commonly used ferns in a terrarium. This is due to its ability to be grown both terrestrially and epiphytically. Additionally, the fuzzy brown to black rhizomes also draw many customers to this plant. When grown in a terrarium, this species will generally have fronds about 8” (20 cm) in length and 3-5” (8.75 cm) in width. As it grows, the rhizomes will slowly spread sprouting up new leaves as they go. |
Davallia trichomanoides at Garfield Park Conservatory. Date: 2 September 2016. By Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz via Wikimedia Commons. |
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Humata griffithiana (Davallia griffithiana, Davallia henryana ; Bear's Foot Fern, White Rabbit Foot Fern USDA Zones 8a-10b Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, India (Assam, Manipur), Japan (Okinawa), Laos, Myanmar (Kengtung), Vietnam (Tonkin)]. Semi-tender Humata henryana, |
Rhizome 2-6mm in diameter. Sori separate, borne several or single on a segment, at forking point of veins. |
6-8 x 24
Humata is Latin for of the earth; referring to the creeping habit of the rhizomes.
This native of the Canary Islands is named for the white fuzzy rhizomes produced by the plant that will travel along the ground and curve over the edge of a pot. Fronds are soft and dark green. Great to use in plantings for colour and texture. More cold hardy than other tropicals and can withstand zone 8 winters (mulch recommended). Mature size of 1 to 2 feet (30-60 cms). Excellent and versatile as it can be used in dish gardens, pots, hanging baskets or in landscape settings. Also makes a good houseplant. |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By division of rhizomes in February or March.
The hairy rootstocks will grow over the edges of the pot on all sides. This fern requires a light spot protected from the sun, moist soil rich in humus, e.g., a mixture of potting compost, sharp sand, peat or leaf-mould and some vermiculite. The soil must not be too moist or the rootstocks will turn brown, temperature by day 21-26 C, at night 10-15C. Feed once a month (half concentration). Repot once every 2/3 years when the soil has been exhausted. |
Suitable for House Fern or Hanging Basket in Conservatory within UK. Outdoor Container. Bring inside during winter to keep it dry. Stove and greenhouse evergreen Ferns, formerly included in the genus Davallia. |
Stove Evergreen Fern. Plants are easily grown and are suitable for baskets or pots. A small to medium fern with medium- to long-creeping rhizomes. Grows well under medium light in drained, moist-dry potting mix or uncut moss. It is slow growing. Found in wet forests, climbing on tree trunks or rocks in Macau. Wet forests, climbing on tree trunks or rocks; near sea level to 2200 m in China. Needs to be dry in winter. |
Humata tyermanii. Plant specimen in the Hong Kong Zoological and Botanical Gardens, Hong Kong. Date: 20 February 2011. By Daderot via Wikimedia Commons. This is also Humata griffithiana. |
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Humata heterophylla (Davallia heterophylla) Malaysia, Indonesia, India, southeastern Asia, the Phillippines, New Guinea and the Pacific Islands. Tender to very tender Humata is Latin for of the earth; referring to the creeping habit of the rhizomes. Accepted name in The Plant List. |
A novelty fern, which has a long slender rhizome and spaced fronds which are of 2 types. The sterile fronds are broady oblong, with entire, or sometimes scalloped, margins and the fertile fronds are deeply lobed. Rhizome tips are sometimes purplish. |
2-6 x 16 |
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon)
Propagation: By division of rhizomes in February or March.
The hairy rootstocks will grow over the edges of the pot on all sides. This fern requires a light spot protected from the sun, moist soil rich in humus, e.g., a mixture of potting compost, sharp sand, peat or leaf-mould and some vermiculite. The soil must not be too moist or the rootstocks will turn brown, temperature by day 21-26 C, at night 10-15C. Feed once a month (half concentration). Repot once every 2/3 years when the soil has been exhausted. |
Suitable for House Fern in a Limestone or Basic soil within a
Stove and greenhouse evergreen Ferns, formerly included in the genus Davallia. |
Stove Evergreen Fern. Grows easily in a small pot or basket. A small fern with medium-creeping rhizomes that often become hanging and vine-like. Grows well under humid conditions and medium light in drained, moist potting mix or uncut moss. The plants are frequently used for terrariums or hanging baskets. If your terrarium is very brightly lit, yet you want to grow Humata heterophylla, you’ll have the best chance to grow this fern if you grow it terrestrially or as an epiphyte, positioning your Humata heterophylla |
Humata heterophylla - English: Botanical specimen in the Lyman Plant House, Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts, USA. Date: 20 December 2012. By Daderot via Wikimedia Commons. Botanical illustration from Wikimedia Commons. |
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If you grow and sell ferns in any country, please tell me so that I can put them on this website and inform others where they can be bought online via mail-order. If you would provide photos and fern details to be only used by me on this website, they would be gratefully received, since I could assume that the photo was a valid one in regard to its name of fern in its filename to that fern in the photo. |
Site design and content copyright ©January 2009. DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site. |
Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran. Revised and Expanded Edition. Published in 2001 by Timber Press, Inc. Reprinted 2002, 2006. ISBN-13:978-0-88192-495-4. |
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The remarkable sex life of ferns:-
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USE OF FERN WITH PHOTOS
using information from Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran and
The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1
Outdoor Use in
Northeastern United States Zones 3-6
Southeastern United States Zones 6-8
Southern Florida and Hawaii Zones 10-11
Central United States Zones 3-6
Northwestern United States Zones 5-8 with some Zone 9
Southwestern United States Zones 6-9
Coastal Central and Southern California Zones 9-10
Accent
Aquatic 1, 2
Basket 1,
Ferns for Hanging Baskets 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Ferns for Hanging Baskets with Pendulous Fronds or weeping Growth Habit 7, 8
Bog or Wet-Soil 1,
Ferns for Wet Soils 2, 3
Border and Foundation 1, 2
Grow in Coastal Region
Cold-hardy Ferns 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Colour in Fern Fronds 1, 2, 3, 4
Conservatory (Stove House) or Heated Greenhouse 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Drier Soil 1, 2, 3, 4
Grows on Rock (epilithic) 1, 2
Borne on Leaf (epiphyllous) 1, 2
Grows on another Plant (epiphyte) 1, 2
Evergreen and Deciduous
Fronds in Floral Decorations
Ferns for Acid Soil 1,
Lime-hating (Calcifluges) 2, 3, 4, 5
Ferns for Basic or Limestone Soil 1,
Ferns Found on Limestone or Basic Soils (Calciphiles) 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
Ferns for Ground Cover 1,
Ground Cover Ferns 2, 3, 4, 5
Ferns of the Atlantic Fringe with associated plants (1 - Atlantic Cliff-top Grassland, Ledges and Rough Slopes; 2 - Clay Coasts and Dunes of South-East Ireland; 3 - Limestones of Western Atlantic Coasts; 4 - Hebridean Machair; 5 - Horsetail Flushes, Ditches and Stream Margins; 6 - Water Margin Osmunda Habitats; 7 - Western, Low-lying, Wet, Acid Woodlands; 8 - Western, Oak and Oak-Birch Woodlands and Ravines, in the UK and Ireland)
Ferns in Coastal District with associated plants (Hard Rock Cliffs, Soft Rock Cliffs, Clay Coasts, or Coastal Sand-Dunes in the UK)
Ferns of Grasslands and Rock Outcrops (Grasslands; Rocks, Quarries and Mines in the UK)
Ferns of Heath and Moorland with associated plants (1 - Bracken Heath; 2 - Ferns of Moist Heathland Slopes and Margins of Rills and Streams; 3 - Heathland Horsetails, 4 - Heathland Clubmosses, in the UK)
Ferns of Lower Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - Upland Slopes and Screes; 2 - Base-rich, Upland Springs and Flushes; 3 - Base-rich, Upland, Streamside Sands and Gravels; 4 - Juniper Shrub Woodland, in the UK)
Ferns for Man-Made Landscapes with associated plants (South-western Hedgebanks, Hedgerows and Ditches, Walls and Stonework, Water Mills and Wells, Lime Kilns and abandoned Lime-Workings, Pit heaps and Shale Bings, Canals, Railways and Their Environs in the UK)
Ferns of Upper Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - High Mountain, Basic Cliffs and Ledges; 2 - High, Cliff Gullies; 3 - High Mountain Corries, Snow Patches and Fern beds; 4 - Ridges, Plateaux and High Summits, in the UK)
Ferns for Wetlands with associated plants (1- Ponds, Flooded Mineral Workings and Wet Heathland Hollows; 2 - Lakes and Reservoirs; 3 - Fens; 4 - Ferns of the Norfolk Broads' Fens; 5 - Willow Epiphytes in the UK)
Ferns in Woodland with associated plants (1 - Dry, Lowland, Deciduous Woodland; 2 - Inland, Limestone, Valley Woodland; 3 - Base-rich Clay, Valley Woodland; 4 - Basic, Spring-fed Woodland; 5 - Ravine Woodland on Mixed Rock-types; 6 - Native Pine Forest in the UK)
Ferns in Hedges or Hedgebanks
Outdoor Containers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Rapidly Growing Fern 1, 2
Resurrection Fern
Rock Garden and Wall Ferns 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Shade Tolerant 1, 2, 3, 4
Slowly Growing Fern
Sun Tolerant 1, 2, 3, 4
House Fern in Trough Garden 1,
Fern Suitable for
Indoor Decoration 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
House Fern in Terrarium, Wardian Case or
Bottle Garden 1,
Ferns suitable for Terrariums, Wardian Cases 2, 3, 4,
5, 6
Grow in Woodlands 1, 2, 3, 4
TYPE OF FERN TO GROW WITH PHOTOS
using information from
Fern Grower's Manual by Barbara Joe Hoshizaki & Robbin C. Moran and
The Encyclopaedia of Ferns An Introduction to Ferns, their Structure, Biology, Economic Importance, Cultivation and Propagation by David L. Jones ISBN 0 88192 054 1
Aquatic Ferns (Azolla, Ceratopteris, Marsilea, Pilularia, Regnellidium, Salvinia)
Boston ferns (Nephrolepis exaltata), Fishbone ferns (Nephrolepis cordifolia), Lace ferns and Sword ferns
Cloak, Lip, Hand Ferns and their Hardy Relatives (Bommeria, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Gymnopteris, Hemionitis, Notholaena, Paraceterach, Pellae, Pleurosorus, Quercifilix) 1,
2, 3
Davallia Ferns (Araiostegia, Davallia, Davallodes, Gymno-grammitis, Humata, Leucostegia, Scyphularia, Trogostolon) 1, 2
Fern Allies (Psilotums or Whisk Ferns, Lycopodiums or Ground Pines, Selaginellas or Spike Mosses, and Equisetums, Horsetails or Scouring Rushes) 1, 2
Filmy and Crepe Ferns (Hymenophyllum, Trichomanes, Leptopteris) 1, 2
Lacy Ground Ferns (Culcita, Dennstaedtia, Histiopteris, Hypolepis, Leptolepia, Microlepia, Paesia, Pteridium) 1, 2
Lady Ferns and Their Allies (Allantodia, Athyrium, Diplazium, Lunathyrium, Pseudo-cystopteris, Callipteris, Cornopteris, Cystopteris) 1, 2
Maidenhair Ferns (Adiantum) 1, 2
Miscellaneous Ferns (Acrostichum, Actiniopteris, Anemia, Anogramma, Anopteris, Blotiella, Bolbitis, Christella, Coniogramma, Cryptogramma, Ctenitis, Cyclosorus, Didymochlaena, Dipteris, Elaphoglossum, Equisetum, Gymnocarpium, Llavea, Lonchitis, Lygodium, Macrothelypteris, Oeontrichia, Oleandra, Onoclea, Onychium, Oreopteris, Parathelypteris, Phegopteris, Photinopteris, Pityrogramma, Pneumatopteris, Psilotum, Stenochlaena, Thelypteris, Vittaria)
1, 2, 3, 4 including Fern Allies of Equisetum and Psilotum or Whisk Ferns
Polypodium Ferns and Relatives (Anarthropteris, Belvisia, Campyloneurum, Colysis, Crypsinus, Dictymia, Gonphlebium, Lecanopteris, Lemmaphyllum, Lexogramme, Microgramma, Microsorum, Niphidium, Phlebodium, Phymatosurus, Pleopeltis, Polypodium, Pyrrosia, Selliguea) 1, 2, 3
Primitive Ferns and Fern Oddities (Angiopteris, Botrychium, Christensenia, Danaea, Helminthostachys, Marattia, Ophioglossum, Osmunda and Todea)
Scrambling, Umbrella, Coral and Pouch Ferns (Dicranopteris, Diploptergium, Gleichenia, Sticherus)
Shield, Buckler, Holly Ferns and their Relatives (Arachniodes, Cyrtomium, Dryopteris, Lastreopsis, Matteuccia, Polystichum, Rumohra, Tectaria and Woodsia) 1, 2, 3, 4
Spleenworts Ferns (Asplenium) 1, 2, 3
Staghorns, Elkhorns and other large epiphytes (Aglaomorpha, Drynaria, Merinthosorus, Platycerium, Pseudodrynaria) 1, 2
Fern Allies - Tassel Ferns and Clubmosses (Lycopodium)
The Brakes (Pteris) 1, 2
Tree Ferns (Cibotium, Cnemidaria, Cyathea, Dicksonia, Nephelea and Trichipteris) 1, 2
Water, Hard, Rasp and Chain Ferns (Blechnum, Doodia, Woodwardia, Sadleria) 1, 2
Xerophytic Ferns (Actinopteris, Astrolepis, Cheilanthes, Doryopteris, Notholaena, Pellaea, Pityrogramma) 1, 2
Topic
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STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY
Cultivation Requirements of Plant |
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Outdoor / Garden Cultivation |
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Indoor / House Cultivation |
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Cool Greenhouse (and Alpine House) Cultivation with artificial heating in the Winter |
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Conservatory Cultivation with heating throughout the year |
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Stovehouse Cultivation with heating throughout the year for Tropical Plants |
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Sun Aspect |
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Soil Type |
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Soil Moisture |
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Position for Plant |
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Ground Cover 0-24 inches (0-60 cms) |
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Ground Cover 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) |
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Ground Cover Over 72 inches (180 cms) |
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1, 2, |
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Use of Plant |
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STAGE 4D Plant Foliage |
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Flower Shape |
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Number of Flower Petals |
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Flower Shape - Simple |
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Flower Shape - Elaborated |
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Natural Arrangements |
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STAGE 4D |
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Form |
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STAGE 1
Fragrant Plants adds the use of another of your 5 senses in your garden:- |
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STAGE 2 Fan-trained Shape From Rhododendrons, boxwood, azaleas, clematis, novelties, bay trees, hardy plants, evergreens : novelties bulbs, cannas novelties, palms, araucarias, ferns, vines, orchids, flowering shrubs, ornamental grasses and trees book, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Ramblers Scramblers & Twiners by Michael Jefferson-Brown (ISBN 0 - 7153 - 0942 - 0) describes how to choose, plant and nurture over 500 high-performance climbing plants and wall shrubs, so that more can be made of your garden if you think not just laterally on the ground but use the vertical support structures including the house as well. The Gardener's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Climbers & Wall Shrubs - A Guide to more than 2000 varieties including Roses, Clematis and Fruit Trees by Brian Davis. (ISBN 0-670-82929-3) provides the lists for 'Choosing the right Shrub or Climber' together with Average Height and Spread after 5 years, 10 years and 20 years. |
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STAGE 2
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STAGE 4D Trees and Shrubs suitable for Clay Soils (neutral to slightly acid) Trees and Shrubs suitable for Dry Acid Soils Trees and Shrubs suitable for Shallow Soil over Chalk Trees and Shrubs tolerant of both extreme Acidity and Alkalinity Trees and Shrubs suitable for Damp Sites Trees and Shrubs suitable for Industrial Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Cold Exposed Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Seaside Areas Shrubs suitable for Heavy Shade Shrubs and Climbers suitable for NORTH- and EAST-facing Walls Shrubs suitable for Ground Cover Trees and Shrubs of Upright or Fastigiate Habit Trees and Shrubs with Ornamental Bark or Twigs Trees and Shrubs with Bold Foliage Trees and Shrubs for Autumn Colour Trees and Shrubs with Red or Purple Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Golden or Yellow Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Grey or Silver Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Variegated Foliage Trees and Shrubs bearing Ornamental Fruit Trees and Shrubs with Fragrant or Scented Flowers Trees and Shrubs with Aromatic Foliage Flowering Trees and Shrubs for Every Month:- |
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Use of Fern
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Use of Fern
See
If you grow and sell ferns, please tell me so that I can put them on this website and inform others where they can be bought online via mail-order. The remarkable sex life of ferns:-
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Companion Plants
A question Shady Plants get asked many times is what flowering plants are suited for growing with ferns. There are a few choice plants, with elegant flowers with subtle shades that compliment ferns and grow well in shade. Here is a collection of plants that, in my opinion, go very well with ferns:-
and
Ferns of the Atlantic Fringe with associated plants (1 - Atlantic Cliff-top Grassland, Ledges and Rough Slopes; 2 - Clay Coasts and Dunes of South-East Ireland; 3 - Limestones of Western Atlantic Coasts; 4 - Hebridean Machair; 5 - Horsetail Flushes, Ditches and Stream Margins; 6 - Water Margin Osmunda Habitats; 7 - Western, Low-lying, Wet, Acid Woodlands; 8 - Western, Oak and Oak-Birch Woodlands and Ravines, in the UK and Ireland)
Ferns in Coastal District with associated plants (Hard Rock Cliffs, Soft Rock Cliffs, Clay Coasts, or Coastal Sand-Dunes in the UK)
Ferns of Grasslands and Rock Outcrops (Grasslands; Rocks, Quarries and Mines in the UK)
Ferns of Heath and Moorland with associated plants (1 - Bracken Heath; 2 - Ferns of Moist Heathland Slopes and Margins of Rills and Streams; 3 - Heathland Horsetails, 4 - Heathland Clubmosses, in the UK)
Ferns of Lower Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - Upland Slopes and Screes; 2 - Base-rich, Upland Springs and Flushes; 3 - Base-rich, Upland, Streamside Sands and Gravels; 4 - Juniper Shrub Woodland, in the UK)
Ferns for Man-Made Landscapes with associated plants (South-western Hedgebanks, Hedgerows and Ditches, Walls and Stonework, Water Mills and Wells, Lime Kilns and abandoned Lime-Workings, Pit heaps and Shale Bings, Canals, Railways and Their Environs in the UK)
Ferns of Upper Mountain Habitats with associated plants (1 - High Mountain, Basic Cliffs and Ledges; 2 - High, Cliff Gullies; 3 - High Mountain Corries, Snow Patches and Fern beds; 4 - Ridges, Plateaux and High Summits, in the UK)
Ferns for Wetlands with associated plants (1- Ponds, Flooded Mineral Workings and Wet Heathland Hollows; 2 - Lakes and Reservoirs; 3 - Fens; 4 - Ferns of the Norfolk Broads' Fens; 5 - Willow Epiphytes in the UK)
Ferns in Woodland with associated plants (1 - Dry, Lowland, Deciduous Woodland; 2 - Inland, Limestone, Valley Woodland; 3 - Base-rich Clay, Valley Woodland; 4 - Basic, Spring-fed Woodland; 5 - Ravine Woodland on Mixed Rock-types; 6 - Native Pine Forest in the UK)