Ivydene Gardens Bee-Pollinated Bloom Plant Index Gallery: Pink Flowers in July

Pink
lychniscflosfloscuculipolunin1

Geum rivale

Pink or Yellow
geumcflorivalepolunin1

Pink or Yellow
geumcflorivalepolunin1a

Pink or Yellow
geumcflorivalepolunin1b

Pink or Yellow
geumcflorivalepolunin1c

Pink or Yellow
geumcflorivalepolunin1d

Lychnis
flos-cuculi

Pink
lychniscflosfloscuculipolunin1a

Pink
lychniscflosfloscuculipolunin1b

Pink
lychniscflosfloscuculipolunin1c

Trifolium pratense

Pink or Purple
trifoliumcflopratenseredclovercorke1

Pink or Purple
trifoliumcflopratenseredclovercorke1a

Pink or Purple
trifoliumcflopratenseredclovercorke1b

Pink or Purple
trifoliumcflopratenseredclovercorke1c

Pink or Purple
trifoliumcflopratenseredclovercorke1d

Agrostemma githago

Pink
agrostemmacflo8githagowikimediacommons1

Pink
agrostemmacflo8githagowikimediacommons2

Pink
agrostemmacflo8githagowikimediacommons3

Eupatorium cannabinum

Dusty Pink or White
hempcfloagrimonybritishflora1

Dusty Pink or White
hempcfloagrimonybritishflora2

Dusty Pink or White
hempcfloagrimonybritishflora3

Dusty Pink or White
hempcfloagrimonybritishflora4

Botanical Plant Name

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Leonurus cardiaca

Pink to Lilac

Onobrychis

Light Pink
....

Persicaria bistorta

Flesh-Pink
persicariacflosbistortasuperbarhsrosemoorgarnonswilliams1

Flesh-Pink
persicariacflosbistortasuperbarhsrosemoorgarnonswilliams1a

Flesh-Pink
persicariacflosbistortasuperbarhsrosemoorgarnonswilliams1b

Flesh-Pink
persicariacflosbistortasuperbarhsrosemoorgarnonswilliams1c

Senecio elegans

Pink

Ageratum houston-ianum

Fluffy mauve pink, blue or white flowers.
ageratumcflohoustonianumsep78foord1

Fluffy mauve pink, blue or white flowers.
ageratumcflohoustonianumsep78foord1a

Fluffy mauve pink, blue or white flowers.
ageratumcflohoustonianumsep78foord1b

Fluffy mauve pink, blue or white flowers.
ageratumcflohoustonianumsep78foord1c

Cleome serrulata

Pink or White

Epilobrium angustifolium

Magenta to Pink

Impatiens glandulifera

Pink

Lythrum salicaria

Light Pink

Origanum vulgare

Pink or White
origanumcflosvulgaremarjoramcorke1

Pink or White
origanumcflosvulgaremarjoramcorke1a

Pink or White
origanumcflosvulgaremarjoramcorke1b

Polygonum hydropiper

Greenish-Pink
polygonumcfloshydropiperpolunin1

Greenish-Pink
polygonumcfloshydropiperpolunin1a

Greenish-Pink
polygonumcfloshydropiperpolunin1b

Satureja montana

Pink/White

Armeria maritima
(Thrift,
Sea Pink,
Sea Thrift)

Native in
Sea Lavender Family

Fragrant Pink or White, or Purple or Red
cthriftflobf1a1

Fragrant Pink or White, or Purple or Red
cthriftflobf1a2

Fragrant Pink or White, or Purple or Red
cthriftflobf1a3

Fragrant Pink or White, or Purple or Red
cthriftflobf1a4

Fragrant Pink or White, or Purple or Red
cthriftflobf1a5

Fragrant Pink or White, or Purple or Red
cthriftflobf1a6

Fragrant Pink or White, or Purple or Red
cthriftflobf1a7

Botanical Plant Name

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Rosa canina
(Dog Rose,
Rosa coriifolia,
Rosa stylosa,
Rosa obtusifolia)

Native in Rose 2 Family

Fragrant Pale Pink or White
rosacaninadogroseflot1b

Fragrant Pale Pink or White
rosacaninadogroseflot1a

Chamae-nerion angusti-folium
(Rosebay Willowherb, Epilobium angusti-folium, Fireweed, Bombweed, Chamerion angusti-folium)

Native in
Willow-Herb Family

4 magenta to pink petals and 4 narrower pink sepals behind
rosebayfflopbritishflora1

4 magenta to pink petals and 4 narrower pink sepals behind
rosebayfflopbritishflora2

4 magenta to pink petals and 4 narrower pink sepals behind
rosebayfflopbritishflora3

4 magenta to pink petals and 4 narrower pink sepals behind
rosebayfflopbritishflora4

Erigeron and its cultivars like
Erigeron acer
(Blue Fleabane, Erigeron acer name has been replaced by Erigeron acris)

Native in
Daisy Cudweeds Family

Lilac-Pink
erigeroncfflopacerbluefleabanefoord1

Flower never opens flat, just like Groundsel.

Lilac-Pink
erigeroncfflopacerbluefleabanefoord1a

Flower never opens flat, just like Groundsel.

Lilac-Pink
erigeroncfflopacerbluefleabanefoord1b

Flower never opens flat, just like Groundsel.

Lilac-Pink
erigeroncfflopacerbluefleabanefoord1c

Flower never opens flat, just like Groundsel.

Geranium versicolor
(Pencilled Cranesbill,
Geranium striatum,
Geranium versicolour)

Native in Geranium Family

Pale Pink, funnel-shaped

Botanical Plant Name

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Botanical Plant Name

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Best plants for bees by BBC Gardeners' World Magazine Published: Friday, 18 March, 2022 at 8:30 am
Our gardens are extremely important for bees and other pollinators, providing them with the nectar and pollen they need to thrive, as well as nesting habitats. Nectar provides them with the energy they need to fly and find a nest, while pollen provides bee grubs with the protein they need to grow. By growing a good mix of flowering plants in your garden, you can provide a wealth of nectar and pollen for a wide range of bee species.

How to grow plants for bees

Choose single, open flowers where you can see the central part of the flower – where the bees can access the nectar and pollen. Different bees are active at different times of the year. Some emerge from hibernation as early as February, while others are still flying in November. To give bees the best possible chance to thrive, it's therefore important to grow flowers from late winter to autumn – all year round if possible.
Planting spring bulbs? A great way to help bees in spring is to plant spring-flowering bulbs in autumn. Bulbs are hardy and reliable plants, so you can guarantee the bees will have a source of pollen and nectar when there's little else in flower.
Planting bulbs in containers is an easy way to ensure you don’t miss their colourful displays, especially if they’re along the front path, next to the back door or on your patio. Choosing varieties that are rich in both nectar and pollen will be a lifeline for the first emerging bumblebees, some of which come out from hibernation as early as February. Plant bulbs that flower over a long season, including early-flowering crocus and late-spring flowering fritillaries. By combining bulbs, you’ll not only create eye catching pots but attract different pollinators, too.
Grow single flowers for bees
Most double flowers are of little use, as they have so many petals the bees can't get to the central part of the flower, where the nectar and pollen are found. Roses and dahlias are often bred to have double flowers, but there are plenty of beautiful single-flowered varieties to grow, instead.
Grow purple flowers for bees
Bees can see the colour purple more clearly than any other colour, and some of the best bee plants, such as lavender, alliums, buddleia and catmint, have purple flowers. That said, many flowers in other colours will still attract bees, so don't pull them up!
Grow tubular-shaped flowers for bees
Tubular-shaped flowers such as foxgloves, honeysuckle, penstemons and snapdragons are an important source of food for long-tongued bees such as the garden bumblebee, Bombus hortorum.
Grow flowers all year round
Most bees are most active from March to September, but some emerge from hibernation early in mild winters, while buff-tailed bumblebee queens will occasionally start nesting in autumn, rather than hibernating, establishing a 'winter colony'. Aim to have at least two nectar- or pollen-rich plants in flower during winter. Plants like winter honeysuckle and winter clematis are perfect for the job.
Spring flowers for bees

• Bluebell

• Bugle

• Crab apple

• Crocus

• Flowering cherry and currant

• Forget-me-not

• Hawthorn

• Primrose

• Pulmonaria

• Rhododendron is fine for bumble-bees, but toxic to honey-bees. Use Clematis as an alternative.
'Mad Honey' from Rhododendron ponticum in its native northern Turkey is toxic to humans. The toxins of Rhododendron are grayanotoxins.
Same lethal 'Mad Honey' problem from Azaleas, but this time with andromedotoxins. Use Digitalis as an alternative.
Gardener's growing Rhododendrons or Azaleas are killing the local honey bee population.

• Rosemary
Early-summer flowers for bees

• Campanula

• Comfrey

• Delphinium

• Foxglove

• Hardy geranium

• Honesty

• Hollyhock

• Potentilla

• Snapdragon

• Stachys

• Teasel

• Thyme

• Verbascum
Late-summer flowers

• Aster

• Buddleja

• Cardoon

• Cornflower

• Dahlia (single-flowered)

• Eryngium

• Globe thistle

• Goldenrod

• Heather

• Ivy

• Lavender

• Penstemon

• Scabious

• Sedum

• Verbena bonariensis

The 264 bee-pollinated plants in Bee-Pollinated Bloom Plant Index are in addition to the bee-pollinated plants shown as thumbnails in the pages of this Gallery of 12 Flower Colours per month FROM the Circular Colour Wheel below. Enumber indicates Empty Index Page. Bottom row of Grey is Unusual or Multi-Coloured Flower Colour. Click on the OOO in the Index Table below to link to those bee-pollinated plants of that flower colour in that month.
Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO Blue	OOO	OOO E11.	OOO E12.
OOO E13.	OOO E14.	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO Mauve	OOO	OOO	OOO E24.
OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO Purple	OOO	OOO E35.	OOO E36.
OOO E37	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO E42	OOO	OOO	OOO Brown	OOO	OOO E47	OOO E48
OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO Cream	OOO E58	OOO E59	OOO
OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO Green	OOO	OOO	OOO E72
OOO E73	OOO E74	OOO E75	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO Orange	OOO E82	OOO E83	OOO E84
OOO E85	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO Pink	OOO	OOO E95	OOO E96
OOO E97	OOO E98	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO Red	OOO	OOO E107	OOO E108
OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO White	OOO	OOO	OOO
OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO Yellow	OOO	OOO	OOO
OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO	OOO Unusual	OOO	OOO	OOO
The above Index table states details of each plant in each page of Bee Pollinated Bloom Calendar Colour Wheel Gallery below. "The Beesource Beekeeping website was started in 1997 by a hobbyist beekeeper and became an online community for beekeepers and beekeeping in 1999. It has experienced organic, word of mouth grassroots growth ever since. Today, Beesource.com has 48.2K registered members and is the most active online beekeeping community of its kind in the world." Bee Pollinated Bloom Calendar Colour Wheel:-
Inner circle of Grey is 12 months of Unusual or Multi-Coloured Flower Colour
Bulb and Perennial Height from Text Border				Brown = 0-12 inches (0-30 cms)			Blue = 12-24 inches (30-60 cms)	Green = 24-36 inches (60-90 cms)	Red = 36-72 inches (90- 180 cms)	Black = 72+ inches (180+ cms)
Shrub Height from Text Border				Brown = 0-12 inches (0-30 cms)			Blue = 12-36 inches (30-90 cms)	Green = 36-60 inches (90- 150 cms)	Red = 60-120 inches (150- 300 cms)	Black = 120+ inches (300+ cms)
Tree Height from Text Border				Brown = 0-240 inches (0- 600 cms)			Blue = 240- 480 inches (600- 1200 cms)	Green = 480+ inches (1200 + cms)	Red = Potted	Black = Use in Small Garden
Climber Height from Text Border							Blue = 0-36 inches (0-90 cms)	Green = 36-120 inches (90-300 cms)	Red = 120+ inches (300+ cms)
Bamboo, Bedding, Conifer, Fern, Grass, Herb, Rhododendron, Rose, Soft Fruit, Top Fruit, Vegetable and Wildflower Height from Text Border							Blue = 0-24 inches (0-60 cms)	Green = 24-72 inches (60- 180 cms)	Red = 72+ inches (180+ cms)
Plant Soil Moisture from Text Background							Wet Soil	Moist Soil		Dry Soil
BEE-POLLINATED BLOOM IN MONTH PLANT INDEX GALLERY PAGES Site Map Societies by Plant Type in USA National Plant Societies in UK				Ivydene Horticultural Services .				Site design and content copyright ©July 2013. Amended Menus July 2015. Amended Menus and corrected meta tags June 2017. Amended Table 10 July 2022. Chris Garnons-Williams. DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site. How trees fight Climate Change.
Bee-Pollinated Bloom Plant Index. So, how can I feed the bees if I have no soil in my garden? You could start with a sedum roof covering for a DIY green roof on a flat roof of a house, garage, carport, on a roof which is not more than 20 degrees from horizontal, or on top of hardstanding which is at ground level. Biodiverse mats could be used instead of sedum mats for the above areas to attract bees. Then, there is no reason why you could not have Green Walls as well. You could then progress to Rooftop Gardens, which may require a further strengthening of the supporting structure to carry the potential extra weight:- How to create a Rooftop Garden is one way and you could use some of the plants from the list below and in the table on the right!!! You could have a green roof on your house for Healthy Cities. If you do not fancy putting plants on the walls or your roof, then you could have a series of window box gardens and Balcony gardens using self-watering planters and boxes from Amberol. If you have the room in the hardstanding round your property then why not use a series of Promenade Self-Watering Planters from Amberol. These are easy to work on - even if you are in a wheelchair or otherwise infirm - and they could still then provide flowers for the bees to use. "What do bees need? Undisturbed nesting sites Solitary bees may burrow into the ground, into mortar in brick and stonework, or use hollow bramble stems, or beetle borings in rotten wood. Increasingly, artificial purpose-built 'homes' are being provided by conservation minded people. Social bees, such as bumblebees, may construct their nests in old mouse, vole and mole holes; under hedge vegetation; beneath moss or grass tussocks, and under piles of cut vegetation. Honey bees will use beehives, cavities in old trees or walls, roof spaces and chimneys. Locations where the queen bumblebees can over-winter, dry and undisturbed. Consistent supplies of pollen and nectar sources from early spring to late autumn. Pollen is needed for its proteins, lipids (essential for brood food production) and other constituents to produce sufficient brood, feed adult bees, help ensure the health of the colony and to create new comb. Nectar is collected and processed by another bee before being stored in the comb as honey. Both Pollen and Nectar is required by the bee colony throughout the 9-10 months they are active and rearing brood. When required, some of the bees will uncap the cells, add water to make a 50:50 honey to water mix and distribute it to others in the colony to provide the energy they need - especially in the winter during the other 2-3 months when not collecting pollen or nectar. The Beekeeper's Garden by Hooper and Taylor - Published by Alphabooks Ltd., in 1988 - ISBN 0-7136-3023-X - provides comprehensive information on suitable plants, also useful is the classic text of Plants and Beekeeping by Howes, F.N. originally published prior to 1923, republished by Amazon on 21 March 2007 and it represents a reproduction of an important historical work, maintaining the same format as the original work. Its contents are being used in the creation of this Bee-pollinated Bloom Index Gallery. I insert the plant names into this Index, but I cannot insert all the useful data as well! Unpolluted water." from Plants and Honey Bees An Introduction to Their Relationships by David Aston and Sally Bucknall. Printed by Northern Bee Books. First published 2004, Reprinted 2009. ISBN 0-393-30879-0 The Potential Impact of Global Warming The potential impact of global warming on UK gardens has been considered in the report 'Gardening in the Global Greenhouse, the impacts of climate change on gardens in the UK', published in November 2002 under the UK Climate Impacts Programme (UKCIP). A number of scenarios were described, together with the likely changes in garden styles caused by climatic changes. These could have a significant effect on the availability and timing of bee forage. The following is from its conclusions:- The role of gardens and parks as innumerable components in a green web, supporting and at times replacing the fragile network of natural ecosystems, has been little explored in this report. However, these millions of landscapes, large and small, will have a vital role to play in reinforcing a system of ecological corridors through which wildlife can migrate in response to climate change.
The plants in Table 10 (on the right) - This group has been completed in the Index Gallery only - and others within this table cell below will be included in either Bee Bloom Calendar Gallery or Bees Bloom Calendar Gallery :- there are Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers in these pages - This group is being inserted into the Index Gallery 0-24 inches (0-60 cms) 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) Above 72 inches (180 cms) Photos - Bloom per Month Blooms Nov-Feb Blooms Mar-May Blooms Jun-Aug 1, 2 Blooms Sep-Oct and the following are inserted in Blue:- This group has been completed in the Index Gallery only ACER (Deciduous/Evergreen Shrub/Tree) in March-April with Acer pseudo-platanus (Sycamore) in April-May (Green) and Acer campestre (Maple, Field Maple) Native in Maple Family in May-Jun (Green) CHAENOMELES SPECIOSA (Herbaceous Perennial) in March-May in Above 72 inches (180 cms) page CROCUS (Bulb) in September-April with Crocus vernus (Crocus purpureus, Spring Crocus, Purple Crocus) - Crocus vernus 'Flower Record' in Feb-Apr (Purple) from Bee pollinated flowers in winter Nov-Feb in Plants Folder and in Colchicum/ Crocus Gallery CYDONIA OBLONGA (Deciduous Shrub) in May (White to soft Rose) DAFFODIL (Bulb) in December-May (Yellow, White or Orange) in Narcissus Gallery and Daffodils in Daffodil Family. DAHLIA (Bulb) in June-November (Many different colours and colour combinations). 46 out of 57,000 dahlia tubers detailed in Dahlia Gallery. DUTCH HYACINTH (Bulb) in March-April (Blue, White, Pale Yellow, Pink, Red or Purple flowers) with Hyacinthus orientalis 'Blue Festival) in Mar-Apr (Blue) HEATHERS (Evergreen Shrub) in every month with Calluna vulgaris (Unusual) from Heather calluna Gallery, and Erica species like Erica cinerea (Purple) - Native in Heath Family - with Erica cinerea Index of cultivars with its other flower colours ranging from white through pink to red and other Heathers in ...Heather Shrub ...Heather Index ......Andromeda ......Bruckenthalia ......Calluna ......Daboecia ......Erica: Carnea ......Erica: Cinerea ......Erica: Others HEDERA HELIX (Evergreen Climber) in September-November (Green) as last major source of nectar and pollen in the year and native in Ivy Family HELIANTHEMUM (Deciduous Shrub) in May-Sep (Yellow) - Pollen only collected when the flowers open during sunny weather and Native in Rockrose Family HELENIUM (Herbaceous Perennial) in June-October in Bee Pollinated Plants between 24 and 72 inches HELLEBORUS (Herbaceous Perennial) in January-March in Bee Pollinated Plants between 0 and 24 inches and native in Buttercup Family in March-May (Yellow) HEUCHERA (Evergreen Perennial) in May-September in Bee Pollinated Plants between 0 and 24 inches HIBISCUS (Deciduous Shrub) in August-September with Hibiscus rosa sinensis in August-Oct (Crimson) For further details see International Hibiscus Society , American Hibiscus Society and Australian Hibiscus Society ILEX (Evergreen Tree) in May-August (White) and Periodical clipping of holly hedges prevents flowering. Clip in July instead LAVANDULA (Annual, Herbaceous Perennial or Shrub) in June-July with Lavendular angustifolia in July-September (Purple) LAVATERA (Annual, Biennial, or Herbaceous Perennial) in May-August with Lavatera trimestris and it's cultivars in Bee Pollinated Plants between 24 and 72 inches LEPTOSIPHON (Annual) in June-August with Leptosiphon aureus in March-June (Yellow) MAGNOLIA GRANDIFLORA (Evergreen Tree) in August-September with Magnolia grandiflora and its cultivars in Bee Pollinated Plants above 72 inches MALVA SYLVESTRIS (Biennial) in June-September (Purple) MENTHA (Herb) in July-August with Mentha aquatica (Water Mint, Mentha hirsuta) in June-September (Unusual) but Fields of mint are harvested before they flower. NEMOPHILA (Annual) in April-June with Nemophila menziesii in June-July (Blue) Native to western North America NIGELLA (Annual) in July-September with Nigella damascena and it's cultivars in Bee Pollinated Plants between 24 and 72 inches PHILADELPHUS species only with single flowers (Shrub) in June with Philadelphus and its cultivars in Bee Pollinated Plants between 24 and 72 inches POLEMONIUM (Herbaceous Perennial) in April-June with Polemonium caeruleum in June-July (Blue) PRUNUS CERASIFERA (Deciduous Tree) in February-March with Prunus cerasifera 'Pissardii' in Bee Pollinated Plants above 72 inches PRUNUS LAUROCERASUS (Evergreen Shrub) in May-June (White) PYRACANTHA COCCINEA (Evergreen Shrub) in May-June (White) ROSES (Deciduous Shrub/Climber) in June-October with Roses in Rose ...RHS Wisley A-F ...RHS Wisley G-R ...RHS Wisley S-Z ...Rose Use - page links in row 6. Rose, RHS Wisley and Other Roses rose indices on each Rose Use page ...Other Roses A-F ...Other Roses G-R ...Other Roses S-Z and Rosa canina (Dog Rose, Rosa coriifolia, Rosa stylosa, Rosa obtusifolia) in June-July (Pink), which is Native in Rose 2 Family RUBUS IDAEUS (Raspberry) (Soft Fruit) in June-August (White) SALVIA SUPERBA (Herbaceous Perennial) in June-September - no bee garden should be without this plant - with Salvia x superba and it's cultivars in Bee Pollinated Plants between 24 and 72 inches for those plants.
What are Beebombs and why do we need them sown? 97% of native British Wildflower habitat has been lost since World War 2. Wildflower habitats are where bees and butterflies make their lives. With Beebombs you can re-create these lost habitats and to help bring back the bees. Beebombs need no gardening skill and can be scattered straight onto open ground at any time of the year. Once scattered, Beebombs just need lots of water, sun and time. Wildflowers are hardy and adaptable but slow growers. This means that they can be out-competed by faster growing grasses and perennial weeds at the critical early stages, so straight onto soil is best if possible. The soil will help your Beebombs germinate and the clay will protect them as they dissipate. Lots of sun and rain is of course important, as is time. Wildflowers are a little slower growers than many imported plants and flowers. Some will flower in the first year but most will not come out until the 2nd year.
The following details come from Cactus Art:- "A flower is the the complex sexual reproductive structure of Angiosperms, typically consisting of an axis bearing perianth parts, androecium (male) and gynoecium (female). Bisexual flower show four distinctive parts arranged in rings inside each other which are technically modified leaves: Sepal, petal, stamen & pistil. This flower is referred to as complete (with all four parts) and perfect (with "male" stamens and "female" pistil). The ovary ripens into a fruit and the ovules inside develop into seeds. Incomplete flowers are lacking one or more of the four main parts. Imperfect (unisexual) flowers contain a pistil or stamens, but not both. The colourful parts of a flower and its scent attract pollinators and guide them to the nectary, usually at the base of the flower tube. Androecium (male Parts or stamens) It is made up of the filament and anther, it is the pollen producing part of the plant. Anther This is the part of the stamen that produces and contains pollen.  Filament This is the fine hair-like stalk that the anther sits on top of. Pollen This is the dust-like male reproductive cell of flowering plants. Gynoecium (female Parts or carpels or pistil)  It is made up of the stigma, style, and ovary. Each pistil is constructed of one to many rolled leaflike structures. Stigma This is the part of the pistil which receives the pollen grains and on which they germinate.  Style This is the long stalk that the stigma sits on top of.  Ovary The part of the plant that contains the ovules.  Ovule The part of the ovary that becomes the seeds.   Petal  The colorful, often bright part of the flower (corolla).  Sepal The parts that look like little green leaves that cover the outside of a flower bud (calix).  (Undifferentiated "Perianth segment" that are not clearly differentiated into sepals and petals, take the names of tepals.)" ........ The following details come from Nectary Genomics:- "NECTAR. Many flowering plants attract potential pollinators by offering a reward of floral nectar. The primary solutes found in most nectars are varying ratios of sucrose, glucose and fructose, which can range from as little a 8% (w/w) in some species to as high as 80% in others. This abundance of simple sugars has resulted in the general perception that nectar consists of little more than sugar-water; however, numerous studies indicate that it is actually a complex mixture of components. Additional compounds found in a variety of nectars include other sugars, all 20 standard amino acids, phenolics, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, vitamins, organic acids, oils, free fatty acids, metal ions and proteins. NECTARIES. An organ known as the floral nectary is responsible for producing the complex mixture of compounds found in nectar. Nectaries can occur in different areas of flowers, and often take on diverse forms in different species, even to the point of being used for taxonomic purposes. Nectaries undergo remarkable morphological and metabolic changes during the course of floral development. For example, it is known that pre-secretory nectaries in a number of species accumulate large amounts of starch, which is followed by a rapid degradation of amyloplast granules just prior to anthesis and nectar secretion. These sugars presumably serve as a source of nectar carbohydrate. WHY STUDY NECTAR? Nearly one-third of all worldwide crops are dependent on animals to achieve efficient pollination. In addition, U.S. pollinator-dependent crops have been estimated to have an annual value of up to $15 billion. Many crop species are largely self-incompatible (not self-fertile) and rely almost entirely on animal pollinators to achieve full fecundity; poor pollinator visitation has been reported to reduce yields of certain species by up to 50%."
The following details about DOUBLE FLOWERS comes from Wikipedia:- "Double-flowered" describes varieties of flowers with extra petals, often containing flowers within flowers. The double-flowered trait is often noted alongside the scientific name with the abbreviation fl. pl. (flore pleno, a Latin ablative form meaning "with full flower"). The first abnormality to be documented in flowers, double flowers are popular varieties of many commercial flower types, including roses, camellias and carnations. In some double-flowered varieties all of the reproductive organs are converted to petals — as a result, they are sexually sterile and must be propagated through cuttings. Many double-flowered plants have little wildlife value as access to the nectaries is typically blocked by the mutation. There is further photographic, diagramatic and text about Double Flowers from an education department - dept.ca.uky.edu - in the University of Kentucky in America. "Meet the plant hunter obsessed with double-flowering blooms" - an article from The Telegraph.
Colour Wheel of All Flowers of all Plant Types Primary Colours:- Red. Yellow. Blue. Secondary Colours:- Orange. Green. Violet. Tertiary Colours:- Red Orange. Yellow Orange. Yellow Green. Blue Green. Blue Violet. Red Violet.
Rock Garden (Alpines) suitable for Small Gardens in 53 Colours Click on number in flower colour required in that month. FLOWERING IN MONTH January February March April May June July August September October November December
"Soils vary enormously in characteristics, but the size of the particles that make up a soil defines its gardening characteristics: Clay: less than 0.002mm Silt: 0.002-0.05mm Sand: 0.05-2mm Stones: bigger than 2mm in size Chalky soils also contain calcium carbonate or lime The dominating particle size gives soil its characteristics and because the tiny clay particles have a huge surface area for a given volume of clay they dominate the other particles: Clay soils have over 25 percent clay. Also known as heavy soils, these are potentially fertile as they hold nutrients bound to the clay minerals in the soil. But they also hold a high proportion of water due to the capillary attraction of the tiny spaces between the numerous clay particles. They drain slowly and take longer to warm up in spring than sandy soils. Clay soils are easily compacted when trodden on while wet and they bake hard in summer, often cracking noticeably. Sandy soils have high proportion of sand and little clay. Also known as light soils, these soils drain quickly after rain or watering, are easy to cultivate and work. They warm up more quickly in spring than clay soils. But on the downside, they dry out quickly and are low in plant nutrients, which are quickly washed out by rain. Sandy soils are often very acidic. Silt soils, comprised mainly of intermediate sized particles, are fertile, fairly well drained and hold more moisture than sandy soils, but are easily compacted Loams are comprised of a mixture of clay, sand and silt that avoid the extremes of clay or sandy soils and are fertile, well-drained and easily worked. They can be clay-loam or sandy-loam depending on their predominant composition and cultivation characteristics. Peat soils are mainly organic matter and are usually very fertile and hold much moisture. They are seldom found in gardens. Chalky or lime-rich soils may be light or heavy but are largely made up of calcium carbonate and are very alkaline." from Royal Horticultural Society.
PLANTS PAGE MENU Introduction Site Map PLANT USE Plant Selection Level 1 Attracts Bird/Butterfly Photos - Butterfly Poisonous Cultivated and UK Wildflower Plants with Photos or Cultivated Poisonous Plants or Wildflower Poisonous Plants Rabbit-Resistant Plant Flower Arranging Wildflower Photos - Wildflowers PLANTS FOR SOIL Plant Selection Level 2 Info - Any Soil Plants - Any Soil A-F Plants - Any Soil G-L Plants - Any Soil M-R Plants - Any Soil S-Z Info - Chalky Soil Plants - Chalk Soil A-F Plants - Chalk Soil G-L Plants - Chalk Soil M-R Plants - Chalk Soil S-Z Info - Clay Soil Plants - Clay Soil A-F Plants - Clay Soil G-L Plants - Clay Soil M-R Plants - Clay Soil S-Z Info - Lime-Free Soil Plants - Lime-Free Soil A-F Plants - Lime-Free Soil G-L Plants - Lime-Free Soil M-R Plants - Lime-Free Soil S-Z Info - Sandy Soil Plants - Sand Soil A-F Plants - Sand Soil G-L Plants - Sand Soil M-R Plants - Sand Soil S-Z Info - Peaty Soils Plants - Peaty Soil A-F Plants - Peaty Soil G-L Plants - Peaty Soil M-R Plants - Peaty Soil S-Z Following parts of Level 2a, Level 2b, Level 2c and Level 2d are included in separate columns together with Acid Soil, Alkaline Soil, Any Soil, Height and Spread, Flowering Months and Flower Colour in their Columns, and also Companion Plants to aid this plant Page, Alpine Plant for Rock Garden Index Page Native to UK WildFlower Plant in its Family Page in this website and/or Level 2cc in the Comment Column within each of the Soil Type Pages of Level 2				PLANTS PAGE MENU Plant Selection by Plant Requirements Level 2a Sun aspect, Moisture Plant Selection by Form Level 2b Tree Growth Shape Shrub/Perennial Growth Habit Plant Selection by Garden Use Level 2c Bedding Photos - Bedding Bog Garden Coastal Conditions Containers in Garden Front of Border Hanging Basket Hedge Photos - Hedging Pollution Barrier Rest of Border Rock Garden Photos - Rock Garden Thorny Hedge Windbreak Woodland Plant Selection by Garden Use Level 2cc Others Aquatic Back of Shady Border Crevice Garden Desert Garden Raised Bed Scree Bed Specimen Plant Trees for Lawns Trees for Small Garden Wildflower Photos - Wildflowers Plant Selection by Plant Type Level 2d Alpine Photos - Evergr Per Photos - Herbac Per Photos - RHS Herbac Photos - Rock Garden Annual Bamboo Photos - Bamboo Biennial Bulb Photos - Bulb Climber Photos - Climber Conifer Deciduous Rhizome Deciduous Shrub Photos - Decid Shrub Evergreen Perennial Photos - Evergr Per Evergreen Shrub Photos - Evergr Shrub Fern Photos - Fern Fruit Plant Grass Herb Herbaceous Perennial Photos - Herbac Per Remaining Top Fruit Soft Fruit Sub-Shrub Top Fruit Tuber Vegetable Photos - Vegetable				PLANTS PAGE MENU REFINING SELECTION Plant Selection by Flower Colour Level 3a Blue Flowers Photos - Bedding Photos - Bulb Photos - Climber Photos - Evergr Per Photos - Evergr Shrub Photos - Wild Flower Orange Flowers Photos - Bedding Photos - Wild Flower Other Colour Flowers Photos - Bedding Photos - Bulb Photos - Climber Photos - Evergr Per Photos - Evergr Shrub Photos - Wild Flower Red Flowers Photos - Bedding Photos - Bulb Photos - Climber Photos - Decid Shrub Photos - Evergr Per Photos - Evergr Shrub Photos - Herbac Per Photos - Rose Photos - Wild Flower White Flowers Photos - Bedding Photos - Bulb Photos - Climber Photos - Decid Shrub Photos - Decid Tree Photos - Evergr Per Photos - Evergr Shrub Photos - Herbac Per Photos - Rose Photos - Wild Flower Yellow Flowers Photos - Bedding Photos - Bulb Photos - Climber Photos - Decid Shrub Photos - Evergr Per Photos - Evergr Shrub Photos - Herbac Per Photos - Rose Photos - Wild Flower Photos - 53 Colours in its Colour Wheel Gallery Photos - 12 Flower Colours per Month in its Bloom Colour Wheel Gallery Plant Selection by Flower Shape Level 3b Photos - Bedding Photos - Evergr Per Photos - Herbac Per Plant Selection by Foliage Colour Level 3c Aromatic Foliage Finely Cut Leaves Large Leaves Other Non-Green Foliage 1 Non-Green Foliage 2 Sword-shaped Leaves PRUNING Plant Selection by Pruning Requirements Level 4 Pruning Plants GROUNDCOVER PLANT DETAIL Plant Selection Level 5 Plant Name - A Plant Name - B Plant Name - C Plant Name - D with Ground Cover. How to use flowering and foliage plants to cover areas of soil by Mineke Kurpershoek. ISBN 1 901094 41 3 Plant combinations for normal garden soil. Plant combinations for sandy soil. Plant combinations for clay soil. Plant combinations for Woodland, heaths and wet soil. Shrubs for slopes and large beds. Plant Name - E Plant Name - F Plant Name - G Plant Name - H Plant Name - I How about using staging in your unheated greenhouse and stock it with bulbs and ferns for looking at from the house from autumn to spring, before using it for salads during the spring/summer from The Culture of Bulbs, Bulbous Plants and Tubers Made Plain by Sir J. L. Cotter. Plant Name - J Plant Name - K Plant Name - L If you have no garden but only a concrete or tarmac area why not use 1 of the 8 Garden on a Roll garden borders and then maintain your garden using their Maintaining your border instructions. Plant Name - M Importance of providing a mulch with the ground cover Plant Name - N Plant Name - O Plant Name - P Plant Name - Q Plant Name - R Plant Name - S Plant Name - T Plant Name - U Plant Name - V Plant Name - W Plant Name - XYZ with 14 Special Situations. Ground cover plants for:- 1 Dry Shade 2 Damp Shade 3 Full Sun 4 Banks and Terraces 5 Woodland 6 Alkaline Sites 7 Acid Sites 8 Heavy Clay Soil 9 Dry Sandy Soil 10 Exposed Sites 11 Under Hedges 12 Patios and Paths 13 Formal Gardens 14 Swimming Pools and Tennis Courts Why grass/lawn should never be used as a groundcover and Why seaweed is a necessary ingredient for gardens Groundcover Height 0-24 inches (0-60 cms) 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) Above 72 inches (180 cms) Then, finally use COMPANION PLANTING to aid your plant selected or to deter Pests Plant Selection Level 6
THE 2 EUREKA EFFECT PAGES FOR UNDERSTANDING SOIL AND HOW PLANTS INTERACT WITH IT OUT OF 9,763:- THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE 2 QUARTZ GRAIN SIBLINGS, and HOW ROOTS OF PLANTS ARE IN CONTROL IN THE SOIL before continuing in this website. Explanation of Structure of this Website with User Guidelines Page for those photo galleries with Photos (of either ones I have taken myself or others which have been loaned only for use on this website from external sources)
There are other pages on Plants which bloom in each month of the year in this website:- 12 Bloom Colours per Month Index Plants Blue, Orange, Red, Yellow, White, Other Colours which lead on to other pages Colour Wheel - All Flowers per Month 12 Bedding Bulb Climber Deciduous Shrub Deciduous Tree Evergreen Perennial Evergreen Shrub Evergreen Tree Herbaceous Perennial Rhododendron Rose Wild Flower				Plants for Cut Flowers in January February March April May June July August September October November December Climber 3 sector Vertical Plant System with flowers in Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May 1, 2 Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec				Indoor Bulbs for December January February Indoor Bulbs for March April May Indoor Bulbs for June July August Indoor Bulbs for September October November Plant Bloom Dec-Jan Feb-Mar Plant Bloom Apr-May Jun-Aug Plant Bloom Sep-Oct Nov-Dec
I hope that you find that the information in this website is useful to you:- I like reading and that is shown by the index in my Library, where I provide lists of books to take you between designing, maintaining or building a garden and the hierarchy of books on plants taking you from the coffee-table book where different blue primrose cultivars occur in the prose on pages 17, 90 and 202, to ones where there is a table of primrose cultivars with blue flowers on a single page, to what plants to associate with those blue primroses and companion plants for them. There are these systems for choosing plants as shown in There are 6 Plant Selection Levels including Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers in Plants topic Garden Style Index Gallery - Choose a plant from its Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders Fragrant Plants:- Trees and Shrubs with Scented Flowers. Trees and Shrubs with Scented Leaves. Trees and Shrubs with Aromatic Bark. Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for an Acid Soil. Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for a Chalky or Limestone Soil. Shrubs bearing Scented leaves for a Sandy Soil. Herbaceous Plants with Scented Flowers. Herbaceous Plants with Scented Leaves. Annual and Biennial Plants with Scented Flowers or Leaves. Bulbs and Corms with Scented Flowers. Scented Plants of Climbing and Trailing Habit. Winter-flowering Plants with Scented Flowers. Night-scented Flowering Plants. Scented Aquatic Plants. Plants with Scented Fruits. Plants with Scented Roots. Trees and Shrubs with Scented Wood. Trees and Shrubs with Scented Gums. Scented Cacti and Succulents. Plants bearing Flowers or Leaves of Unpleasant Smell. P Flower in Month Index Gallery - 12 Bloom Colours per Month Index Gallery P Shrub Tree Shape Index Gallery Flower Shape or Fragrance:- Shape, Form Index Colour Wheel of All Flowers 53 flower colours Colour Wheel of All Flowers per Month 53 flower colours Choose a plant from 1 of 6 flower colours per month for each type of plant:- Aquatic Bedding with its Flower Shape Bulb with its Flower Shape , Bulb Form , Bulb Use and Bulb in Soil Climber in 3 Sector Vertical Plant System Conifer Deciduous Shrub Deciduous Tree Evergreen Perennial with its Flower Shape Evergreen Shrub Evergreen Tree Hedging Herbaceous Perennial with its Flower Shape Herb Odds and Sods Rhododendron Rose with its Rose Use and Pruning Methods Soft Fruit Top Fruit Wild Flower with its Plant Usage by Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis and Butterfly. Both native wildflowers and cultivated plants, with these Flower Shape, Uses in USA, Uses in UK and Flo Cols / month are used by Butter-flies native in UK. This All Bee-Pollinated Flowers gallery compares 13 flower colour photos per month for many plants from the other Galleries, by clicking on the 1 in the relevant Flower per month Colour in the Colour Wheel down on the right, the Bee-pollinated Index Gallery provides the tabular index of another 264 plants with the relevant colour in that respective month:- 51 ANNUALS 2 ANNUAL - VEGETABLE 4 AQUATIC PLANTS 11 BIENNIALS 21 BULBS, CORMS, OR RHIZOMES 4 CLIMBERS 31 DECIDUOUS SHRUBS 26 DECIDUOUS TREES 9 EVERGREEN PERENNIALS 22 EVERGREEN SHRUBS 2 EVERGREEN TREES 2 GRASSES which cause hayfever 4 SEMI-EVERGREEN SHRUBS 66 HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS 9 PERENNIAL HERBS Choose a plant from its foliage:- Bamboo Conifer Fern Grass Vegetable when I do not have my own or ones from mail-order nursery photos, then from March 2016, if you want to start from the uppermost design levels through to your choice of cultivated and wildflower plants to change your Plant Selection Process then use the following galleries:- Create and input all plants known by Amateur Gardening inserted into their Sanders' Encyclopaedia from their edition published in 1960 (originally published by them in 1895) into these Stage 1 - Garden Style Index Gallery, then Stage 2 - Infill Plants Index Gallery being the only gallery from these 7 with photos (from Wikimedia Commons) , then Stage 3 - All Plants Index Gallery with each plant species in its own Plant Type Page followed by choice from Stage 4a, 4b, 4c and/or 4d REMEMBERING THE CONSTRAINTS ON THE SELECTION FROM THE CHOICES MADE IN STAGES 1 AND 2 Stage 4a - 12 Bloom Colours per Month Index Gallery, Stage 4b - 12 Foliage Colours per Month Index Gallery with Stage 4c - Cultivation, Position, Use Index Gallery and Stage 4d - Shape, Form Index Gallery Unfortunately, if you want to have 100's of choices on selection of plants from 1000's of 1200 pixels wide by up to 16,300 pixels in length webpages, which you can jump to from almost any of the pages in these 7 galleries above, you have to put up with those links to those choices being on the left topic menu table, the header of the middle data table and on the page/index menu table on the right of every page of those galleries. You could look up its botanical name:- Plant Photo Galleries with Plant Botanical Index of all plants detailed in this website ...A, B, C, D, E, ...F, G, H, I, J, K, ...L, M, N, O, P, Q, ...R, S, T, U, V, W, ...X, Y, Z You could look up its UK Wildflower Botanical Name or its UK Wildflower Common Name:- ...Brown Botanical Names. Food for Butterfly/Moth. ...Cream Common Names. You could look at a photo of 4000 x 3000 pixels of a plant using:- Plant with Photo Index of Ivydene Gardens - 1187 A 1, 2, Photos - 43 B 1, Photos - 13 C 1, Photos - 35 D 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, Photos - 411 with Plants causing damage to buildings in Chilham Village and Damage to Trees in Pavements of Funchal E 1, Photos - 21 F 1, Photos - 1 G 1, Photos - 5 H 1, Photos - 21 I 1, Photos - 8 J 1, Photos - 1 K 1, Photos - 1 L 1, Photos - 85 with Label Problems M 1, Photos - 9 N 1, Photos - 12 O 1, Photos - 5 P 1, Photos - 54 Q 1, Photos - R 1, 2, 3, Photos - 229 S 1, Photos - 111 T 1, Photos - 13 U 1, Photos - 5 V 1, Photos - 4 W 1, Photos - 100 with Work Done by Chris Garnons-Williams X 1 Photos - Y 1, Photos - Z 1 Photos - 82 rock garden plants (with photos) suitable for small garden areas; split into:- 2 ALLIUM and ANEMONE Bulbs 3 BULBS - Spring Catalogue. For planting in February/ May 2 BULBS - Late Summer Catalogue. For planting in July/ September 7 BULBS - Autumn Catalogue. For planting in September/ November 2 Bulbs - Winter Catalogue. For planting in November/ March 35 COLCHICUM AND CROCUS BULBS. 0 DECIDUOUS SHRUBS 30 EVERGREEN PERENNIALS 1 EVERGREEN SHRUBS 0 HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS 0 ROSES in the Rock Plant Flowers Gallery. All the remaining rock garden plants detailed in the Rock Garden Plant Index pages in the Rock Plant Flowers are waiting to receive photos, before they can be added to the 1 of the 52 Rockgarden Colour Wheel - Flowers Pages and then the above list. I am taking photos of rock garden plants suitable for small gardens and if they do not have their own Plant Description Page in this website, then each photo of each plant will be located at the bottom of the relevant 1 of 52 Rockgarden Flower Colour Wheel pages. Usually a link in *** to that page of 35 will be included in the Name field of the respective Index Page, for:- 15 BULBS, CORMS and TUBERS 4 EVERGREEN SUBSHRUBS 7 EVERGREEN PERENNIALS 2 EVERGREEN SHRUBS 7 HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS Then a link using More Photos Page links to the Rock Plant Photos Gallery for each of the above 35 Rock Garden Plants
All-purpose Seaweed Stimulant All-purpose organic concentrated seaweed feed that is a ready to use, derived from sustainable harvested kelp, that can be used on all outdoor and indoor plants, except acid loving plants, use our Ericaceous seaweed stimulant instead. Perfect used in conjunction with Rootgrow™. The product contains very high levels of auxins and cytokins that are naturally plant growth promoters. The natural hormones in Empathy All Purpose Seaweed are taken up by the plant and promote faster and stronger root and shoot growth. They will also promote the development of beneficial bacteria, microbes and the Mycorrhizal Fungi in the soil.

This group has been completed in the Index Gallery only

Table 10. British Floral Sources of importance to Honey Bees from
Plants and Honey Bees
An Introduction to Their Relationships
by David Aston and Sally Bucknall.
Printed by Northern Bee Books.
First published 2004, Reprinted 2009. ISBN 0-393-30879-0

Months in flower for nectar and pollen amended by Chris Garnons-Williams
with link to its first flower month index colour page

Precis of Table 10 with Plant Names split into their starting letter of the alphabet, then followed by link to its first flower month index colour page
Letter of the Alphabet	Botanical Plant Name Link	Botanical Plant Name Link	Botanical Plant Name Link	Botanical Plant Name Link	Botanical Plant Name Link
A	Alnus glutinosa Brown	Anchusa species Blue	Arabis species White	Aubretia deltoidea Unusual	Alcea rosea like Alcea rosea 'Nigra' Unusual
	Acer pseudo-platanus Green	Armeria maritima Pink	Anemone nemerosa and its cultivars (Wood anemone, windflower, thimbleweed, smell fox) Native in Buttercup Family White
	Aesculus hippo-castanum White	Acer species like Acer campestre Green	Aster species - Aster novi-belgii, Aster novae-angliae (Michael-mas Daisies including Aster amellus - Italian Starwort and other asters) Unusual	Allium species like Allium unifolium There are other Alliums in Allium/ Anemone Gallery and Native Alliums in the Lily Garlic Family. Pink
B	Berberis Unusual	Betula species Brown	Borago officinalis Blue	Brassica species White	Brassica rapa Yellow
	Bryonia dioica (White Bryony, Red Bryony) Native in Melon (Gourd/Cucumber) Family Deadly poisonous White
C	Colchicum autumnale Pink	Calluna vulgaris Unusual See Heather calluna Gallery	Cytisus scoparius Yellow	Campanula Blue	Ceanothus species Blue
	Crocus species Crocus vernus and Crocus nudiflorus Purple	Crataegus species like Crataegus monogyna White	Corylus avellana Yellow	Centaurea species like Centaurea nigra Purple
	Calluna vulgaris See Heather calluna Gallery Unusual	Castanea sativa Yellow	Cirsium and Carduus species like Cirsium vulgare (Spear Thistle, Bull thistle, Common Thistle, Carduus lanceolatus, Carduus vulgaris) Native in Daisy Thistle Family Purple	Clematis vitalba (Oldmans Beard, Travellers Joy, Herbe aux gueux, Beggar's Herb, Rascal's Herb) Native in Buttercup Family Cream	Chamae-nerion angusti-folium (Rosebay Willowherb, Epilobium angusti-folium, Fireweed, Bombweed, Chamerion angusti-folium) Native in Willow-Herb Family Pink
D	Doronicum like Doronicum plantagineum Yellow
E	Escallonia species like Escallonia macrantha Red	Echium vulgare (Viper's Bugloss, Blueweed) Native in Borage Family Blue	Erysimum species like Cheiranthus cheiri (Wallflower, Erysimum cheiri, Fleur de Nostra-Dama, Flor de pasque, Gillflower, Goldlack, Saint Geourges, Saint Jean, Todrilal, Wild Wallflower) Native in Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 2 Family Unusual	Eranthis hyemalis (Winter Aconite) From Bee pollinated flowers in winter Nov-Feb in Plants Folder Native in Buttercup Family Yellow	Erica species like Erica cinerea (Bell Heather) Native in Heath Family See Erica cinerea Index of cultivars with its other flower colours ranging from white through pink to red Purple
F	Fagus sylvatica in Europe Brown	Fraxinus excelsior Purple	Foeniculum vulgare Yellow	Fuchsia magellanica Red
G	Geranium species are Native in Geranium Family Blue	Galanthus nivalis White
H	Hyacinthoides non-scripta Blue	Hieracleum species like Hieraclium spondylium White	Hedera helix Green	Helianth-emum species like Helianthe-mum chamae-cistus (Common Rock-Rose) Native in Rockrose Family Yellow	Helianthus species like Helianthus annuus (Sunflower, Common Sunflower) Yellow
I	Impatiens balsamina, Impatiens bicolor. Unusual	Ilex aquifolium White
J
K
L	Lotus corniculatus Yellow	Lobularia maritima Unusual	Lamium species like Lamium purpureum Mauve	Lavendular angustifolia Purple	Ligustrum ovalifolium (Japanese Privet, Korean Privet, California Privet, Garden Privet, Oval-leafed Privet) White
	Lythrum salicaria Native in Loosestrife Family Purple	Limonium species like Limonium vulgare (Common Sea-Lavender) Mauve	Linaria species like Linaria vulgaris (Common Toadflax, Yellow Toadflax, Butter-and-eggs) Native in Figwort - Mulleins Family Yellow
M	Monarda fistulosa and Monarda didyma Unusual	Malus pumila Unusual	Malus sylvestris Unusual	Myosotis species like Myosotis arvensis Blue	Medicago sativa Purple
	Malva sylvestris Purple	Mentha species like Mentha aquatica (Water Mint, Mentha hirsuta) Unusual	Melilotus officinalis (Common Melilot, Melilotus arvensis, Ribbed Melilot, Yellow Melilot, Sweet Yellow Clover) Native in Peaflower Family Yellow
N	Nepeta cataria Mauve
O	Origanum vulgare Pink
P	Prunus dulcis Pink	Prunus spinosa White	Prunus avium White	Prunus domestica White	Polemonium caeruleum Blue
	Prunus domestica (Plum, Damson, Egg Plums, Greengages, Prunus insititia) White	Papaver species like Papaver dubium (Long-headed Poppy) Red	Prunus laurocerasus (Cherry Laurel, Common Laurel, English Laurel), Prunus lusitanica White	Pyracantha coccinea (Scarlet Firethorn, Red Firethorn) White	Parthen-ocissus quin-quefolia Green
	Prunus laurocerasus White	Pyrus communis (European Pear) Native in Rose 3 Family White	Phacelia tanacetifolia Blue	Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain) Unusual
Q	Quercus species like Quercus robur (Pedunculate Oak, English Oak Tree, Common Oak, European Oak) Unusual
R	Rubus fruticosus White	Ranunculus species like Ranunculus repens Yellow	Ranunculus ficaria Yellow	Ribes species Unusual	Ribes uva-crispa Unusual
	Rubus idaeus White	Robinia pseudoacacia (Black Locust, False Acacia) White	Rosa canina (Dog Rose, Rosa coriifolia, Rosa stylosa, Rosa obtusifolia) Native in Rose 2 Family and other Wildflower Rosa species in that Rose Family Pink
S	Scrophularia species like Scrophularia nodosa Green	Solidago species like Solidago virgaurea Yellow	Spiraea ulmaria Cream	Sinapis alba (White Mustard, Brassica alba, Brassica hirta, Sinapis foliosa, Bonannaria officinalis) and Brassica juncea (Brown Mustard) Yellow	Senecio jacobaea (Common Ragwort, St. James' Wort, Jacobaea vulgaris) Native in Daisy Family Yellow
	Salvia officinalis (Sage, Common Sage, Garden Sage) Unusual	Salix species like Salix pentranda (Bay Willow, Bay-leaved Willow, Laurel Willow) Native in Willow Family Yellow	Scabiosa, Knautia and Succisa species with common name containing Scabious See Field Scabious, Small Scabious and Devilsbit Scabious are Native in Teasel Family
T	Taraxacum officinale (Taraxum vulgare) Grow with Clover and Alfalfa in Pots to help bees and birds Yellow	Tilia species like Tilia vulgaris Yellow	Trifolium pratense Pink	Thymus species like Mentha rotundifolia (Apple Mint, Mentha suaveolens, Round-leaved Mint) Native in Thyme 1 Thyme 2 Family White	Trifolium repens Native in Peaflower Clover 3 Family White
	Teucrium scorodonia (Wood-sage, Woodland Germander) Native in Thyme 2 Family Green
U	Ulex minor Yellow	Ulmus species like Ulmus glabra Unusual	Ulex europaeus Yellow
V	Vaccinium myrtillus White	Vicia faba White	Verbascum species like Verbascum thapsus (Common Mullein, Great Mullein, Greater Mullein) Yellow	Veronica species like Veronica chamaedrys (Birdseye Speedwell, Germander Speedwell) Native in Figwort - Speedwells Family Blue	Vicia species like Vicia sativa (Garden Vetch, Tare, Vetch, Common Vetch) Native in Peaflower Vetches/Peas Family Purple
	Viola odorata (Sweet Violet, Wood Violet, English Violet, Common Violet, Florist's Violet, Garden Violet) Native in Violet Family Purple
W
X
Y
Z

Comment

Plant Name

Common Name

Feb-Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep-Oct

Pollen

Alnus glutinosa

Alder

Brown

Nectar and Pollen

Prunus dulcis

Almond

000

Pollen

Lobularia maritima

Alyssum

000

Nectar

Anchusa species

Anchusa

000

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Malus pumila

Apple

000

Nectar and Pollen.

Arabis species

Arabis

000

Pollen

Fraxinus excelsior

Ash

000

Nectar and Pollen

Aubretia deltoidea

Aubretia

000

Pollen

Colchicum autumnale

Autumn Crocus

000

Honey and
Nectar

Impatiens balsamina, Impatiens bicolor.

Balsam

Beechwood Honey in New Zealand

000

Pollen source only in UK.

Fagus sylvatica in Europe

Beech

Brown

000

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.

Major bee plant

Calluna vulgaris

See Heather calluna Gallery

Bell Heather

000

000
and Nov

Barberry Honey and Nectar

Berberis

Unus-ual

000

Nectar

Monarda fistulosa and Monarda didyma

Bergamot

000

Nectar.
Bilberry Mining Bee collects its pollen

Vaccinium myrtillus

Billberry

000

Pollen
Can smother other plants, so do not plant in your garden

Calystegia sepium and Convolvulus arvensis

Bindweed

000

Pollen.
It is wind pollinated

Betula species

Birch

Brown

000

Comment

Plant Name

Common Name

Feb-Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep-Oct

Single-flowered wild plant for its Nectar

Lotus corniculatus

Bird's-foot-trefoil

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Rubus fruticosus

Blackberry

000

Nectar and Pollen

Prunus spinosa

Blackthorn

000

Nectar

Hyacinthoides non-scripta

Bluebell

000

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Borago officinalis

Borage

000

Honey, Nectar and Pollen

Brassica species

Brassicas

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen

Cytisus scoparius

Broom

000

Pollen may be harmful to bees. Poisonous to horses, cattle and other livestock eating it

Ranunculus species like Ranunculus repens

Buttercup

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen.

Campanula

000

Nectar.

Nepeta cataria

Cat-mint

Mauve

000

Nov

Pollen in UK. Nectar and Pollen in USA.

Ceanothus species

Ceanothus

000

Pollen

Ranunculus ficaria

Lesser Celandine

Yell-ow

000

Honey, Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Prunus avium

Wild Cherry

000

Nectar and Pollen. Also used by Bumble Bees

Malus sylvestris

Crab apple

Unus-ual

000

Nectar and Pollen

Geranium species in Geranium Family

Crane's-bill but not Pelargon-iums - bedding plants

000

Pollen

Crocus species
Crocus vernus and Crocus nudiflorus

Crocus

000

Honey, Nectar and Pollen

Ribes species

Currants

000

Honey and Nectar.
Major bee plant.

Prunus domestica

Damson

Honey, Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Taraxacum officinale
(Taraxum vulgare)
Grow with Clover and Alfalfa in Pots to help bees and birds

Dandelion

000

Comment

Plant Name

Common Name

Feb-Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep-Oct

Nectar and Pollen.
White dead-nettle
(Lamium album) regularly flowers thoughout winter months.

Lamium species like Lamium purpureum

Dead-nettle

Mauve

000

Nectar and Pollen.

Doronicum like Doronicum plantagineum

Leopard's Bane

000

Pollen

Ulex minor

Dwarf Gorse

000

Sep

Pollen

Ulmus species like Ulmus glabra

Elm

Nectar and Pollen.

Escallonia species like Escallonia macrantha

Escallonia

Red

000

Nectar and Pollen

Foeniculum vulgare

Fennel

000

Honey, Nectar and Pollen. Major bee plant.

Vicia faba

Field bean, Broad Bean, French Bean, Kidney Bean and Runner Bean in the UK

000

Nectar

Scrophularia species like Scrophularia nodosa

Figwort

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen.

Myosotis species like Myosotis arvensis

Forget-me-not

000

Nectar.
Honey in USA

Fuchsia magellanica

Fuschia

Red

000

Nectar and Pollen

Solidago species like Solidago virgaurea

Golden rod

000

Nectar

Ribes uva-crispa

Gooseberry

000

Pollen

Ulex europaeus

Gorse

Jan-Mar

Yell-ow

000

Sep-Dec

Honey, Nectar and Pollen. Major bee plant.

Crataegus species like Crataegus monogyna

Hawthorn

000

Pollen

Corylus avellana

Hazel

000

Nectar and Pollen

Hieracleum species like Hieraclium spondylium

Hogweed

000

Nectar. Periodical clipping of holly hedges prevents flowering. Clip in July instead

Ilex aquifolium

Holly

000

Nectar. Pollen is in high demand this late in the season

Alcea rosea like Alcea rosea 'Nigra'

Hollyhock

000

Sep

Comment

Plant Name

Common Name

Feb-Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep-Oct

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen. This is one of the plants poisonous to horses.

Aesculus hippo-castanum

Horse-chestnut

000

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen
Major bee plant.
Ivy can produce a useful supply of nectar from October until the first frosts.

Hedera helix

Ivy

Sep-Nov

Green

Nectar and Pollen

Polemonium caeruleum

Jacob's-ladder

000

Honey and
Nectar

Centaurea species like Centaurea nigra

Knapweed

000

Sep

Nectar.
Also used by Bumblebees

Prunus laurocerasus

Laurel

000

Honey and Nectar.
Also used by Bumblebees

Lavendular angustifolia

Lavender

000

Sep

Honey and Nectar.
Also used by Bumblebees
Major bee plant.

Tilia species like Tilia vulgaris

Lime (Linden tree)

Honey, Nectar and Pollen. Major bee plant.

Calluna vulgaris

See Heather calluna Gallery

Ling Heather

000

Sep-Nov

Nectar

Medicago sativa

Lucerne, Alfalfa

000

Nectar and Pollen.
Also used by Bumblebees

Malva sylvestris

Mallow

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.
Also used by Bumblebees

Acer species like Acer campestre

Maple

000

Nectar is also collected from O. marjoranae and O. onites

Origanum vulgare

Marjoram

000

Sep

Pollen

Spiraea ulmaria

Meadow-sweet

Cream

000

Sep

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen

Aster species - Aster novi-belgii, Aster novae-angliae (Michael-mas Daisies including Aster amellus - Italian Starwort and other asters)

Michael-mas daisy

Nectar.
Fields of mint are harvested before they flower.

Mentha species like
Mentha aquatica
(Water Mint,
Mentha hirsuta)

Mint

000

Sep

Pollen

Verbascum species like
Verbascum thapsus
(Common Mullein,
Great Mullein, Greater Mullein)

Mullein

000

Comment

Plant Name

Common Name

Feb-Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep-Oct

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen

Sinapis alba
(White Mustard, Brassica alba, Brassica hirta, Sinapis foliosa, Bonannaria officinalis) and
Brassica juncea (Brown Mustard)

Mustard

000

Pollen

Quercus species like
Quercus robur
(Pedunculate Oak, English Oak Tree, Common Oak, European Oak)

Oak

000

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Brassica napus and
Brassica rapa

Oil-seed rape autumn sown

000

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Brassica napus and
Brassica rapa

Oil-seed rape spring sown

000

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Brassica rapa

Barge-man's Cabbage

000

Nectar

Allium species like Allium unifolium

There are other Alliums in Allium/ Anemone Gallery and native Alliums in the
Lily Garlic Family.

Onion

000

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Pyrus communis (European Pear)
Native in
Rose 3 Family

Pear

000

Nectar and Pollen
Major bee plant.

Phacelia tanacetifolia

Phacelia

000

Pollen

Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain)

Plantain in Plantain Family

000

Honey,
Nectar and
Pollen
Major bee plant.

Prunus domestica (Plum, Damson,
Egg Plums, Greengages,
Prunus insititia)

Plum

Pollen

Papaver species like Papaver dubium
(Long-headed Poppy)

Poppy

Red

000

Nectar from neglected privet hedges

Ligustrum ovalifolium (Japanese Privet,
Korean Privet, California Privet,
Garden Privet, Oval-leafed Privet)

Privet

Nectar and Pollen

Prunus laurocerasus
(Cherry Laurel,
Common Laurel,
English Laurel), Prunus lusitanica

Prunus

000

Nectar and Pollen
Highly invasive

Lythrum salicaria
Native in
Loosestrife Family

Purple-loosestrife

000

Nectar and Pollen

Pyracantha coccinea
(Scarlet Firethorn,
Red Firethorn)

Firethorn

000

Nectar and Pollen.
Toxic to grazing animals and humans. Do not grow.

Senecio jacobaea
(Common Ragwort,
St. James' Wort, Jacobaea vulgaris)
Native in
Daisy Family

Ragwort

000

Comment

Plant Name

Common Name

Feb-Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep-Oct

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Rubus idaeus

Raspberry

000

Nectar and Pollen
Major bee plant.

Trifolium pratense

Red clover

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen.
Also used by Bumblebees

Robinia pseudoacacia (Black Locust, False Acacia)

False Acacia

000

Pollen

Helianth-emum species like
Helianthe-mum chamae-cistus
(Common Rock-Rose)
Native in
Rockrose Family

Rock-rose

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen

Salvia officinalis
(Sage, Common Sage,
Garden Sage)

Sage

000

Nectar

Scabiosa, Knautia and Succisa species with common name containing Scabious

See Field Scabious, Small Scabious and Devilsbit Scabious in Teasel Family

000
Purple flo-wers

000

In coastal regions sea lavender will yield good nectar producing a light coloured honey.

Limonium species like Limonium vulgare
(Common Sea-Lavender)

Sea-lavender

Mauve

000

Pollen is collected from the Wild-flower but not from the double flowers of the garden varieties.

Galanthus nivalis

Snowdrop

Nectar and Pollen

Helianthus species like Helianthus annuus
(Sunflower, Common Sunflower)

Sunflower

000

Pollen

Castanea sativa

Sweet Chestnut

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Acer pseudo-platanus

Sycamore

000

Nectar and Pollen

Cirsium and Carduus species like Cirsium vulgare
(Spear Thistle, Bull thistle, Common Thistle, Carduus lanceolatus, Carduus vulgaris)

Native in
Daisy Thistle Family

Thistle

000

Nectar and Pollen

Armeria maritima

Thrift

000

Nectar
Should be in every garden.

Thymus species like Mentha rotundifolia
(Apple Mint, Mentha suaveolens, Round-leaved Mint)

Native in Thyme 1
Thyme 2 Family

Thyme

000

Nectar

Linaria species like Linaria vulgaris
(Common Toadflax, Yellow Toadflax, Butter-and-eggs)

Native in Figwort - Mulleins Family

Toadflax

000

Comment

Plant Name

Common Name

Feb-Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep-Oct

Pollen

Clematis vitalba
(Oldmans Beard, Travellers Joy, Herbe aux gueux, Beggar's Herb, Rascal's Herb)

Native in
Buttercup Family

Traveller's joy

Cream

000

Sep

Nectar and pollen.
Should be in every garden.

Veronica species like Veronica chamaedrys (Birdseye Speedwell, Germander Speedwell)

Native in Figwort - Speedwells Family

Veronica

000

Pollen

Vicia species like Vicia sativa
(Garden Vetch, Tare, Vetch, Common Vetch)

Native in Peaflower Vetches/Peas Family

Vetch

000

Sep

Nectar

Viola odorata
(Sweet Violet, Wood Violet, English Violet, Common Violet, Florist's Violet, Garden Violet)

Native in
Violet Family

Violet

It's the number one bee plant.

Purp-le

000

Nectar

Echium vulgare
(Viper's Bugloss, Blueweed)

Native in Borage Family

Viper's bugloss

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen

Parthen-ocissus quin-quefolia

Virginia creeper

000

Nectar and Pollen

Erysimum species like
Cheiranthus cheiri
(Wallflower, Erysimum cheiri,
Fleur de Nostra-Dama, Flor de pasque, Gillflower, Goldlack, Saint Geourges, Saint Jean, Todrilal,
Wild Wallflower)

Native in Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 2 Family

Wallflower

Unus-ual

000

Nectar and Pollen

Bryonia dioica
(White Bryony, Red Bryony)

Native in Melon (Gourd/Cucumber) Family

Deadly poisonous

White bryony

000

Sep

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Trifolium
repens

Native in Peaflower
Clover 3 Family

White clover

000

Sep

Pollen

Rosa canina
(Dog Rose,
Rosa coriifolia,
Rosa stylosa,
Rosa obtusifolia)

Native in
Rose 2 Family
and other Wildflower Rosa species in that Rose Family

Wild rose

000

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen

Salix species like Salix pentranda
(Bay Willow, Bay-leaved Willow,
Laurel Willow)

Native in
Willow Family

Willow

000

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant. Popular with Bumblebees

Chamae-nerion angusti-folium
(Rosebay Willowherb, Epilobium angusti-folium, Fireweed, Bombweed, Chamerion angusti-folium)

Native in
Willow-Herb Family

Rosebay Will-owherb

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen and visited by Bumble Bee

Eranthis hyemalis
(Winter Aconite)

From Bee pollinated flowers in winter Nov-Feb in Plants Folder

Native in
Buttercup Family

Winter aconite

Jan-Mar

Yell-ow

Nectar and Pollen

Erica species like Erica cinerea
(Bell Heather)

Native in Heath Family

See Erica cinerea Index of cultivars with its other flower colours ranging from white through pink to red

Winter heaths

000

Pollen

Anemone nemerosa
and its cultivars (Wood anemone, windflower, thimbleweed, smell fox)

Native in Buttercup Family

Wood anemone

White

000

Nectar and Pollen

Teucrium scorodonia
(Wood-sage, Woodland Germander)

Native in Thyme 2 Family

Wood sage

000

Sep

Nectar

Sweet clover is a major source of nectar for domestic honey bees as hives near sweet clover can yield up to 200 pounds of honey in a year.

Melilotus officinalis
(Common Melilot, Melilotus arvensis, Ribbed Melilot, Yellow Melilot, Sweet Yellow Clover)

Native in Peaflower Family

Yellow melilot