Ivydene Gardens Bee-Pollinated Bloom Plant Index Gallery:
Purple Flowers in June

Botanical Plant Name

with link to
UK or
European Union
mail-order supplier

Flower Colour /
Sun Aspect of Full Sun,
Part Shade, Full Shade

with link to photo/data

Flowering Months

with link to
USA or
Canada
mail-order supplier

Height with Spacings or Width (W) in inches (cms)

1 inch = 2.5 cms
12 inches = 30 cms
40 inches = 100 cms

Foliage Colour /
Soil Moisture of
Dry,
Moist or
Wet

with link to Australia, China or New Zealand mail-order supplier

Evergreen (Evg) or Deciduous (Dec or Her) Plant Type / Acidic (Acid), Alkaline (Alk) or
Any Soil

with link to other page in this website

Nectar / Pollen

* = very good bee plant

Purple-flowered Allium like Allium hollandicum 'Purple Sensation'

Deep Purple /
Full Sun

May - June

36 x 3
(90 x 7.5)

Dark Green /
Moist

Bulb / Well-drained soil

Nectar

Asclepias syriaca
(Common Milkweed, butterfly flower, silkweed, silky swallow-wort, Virginia silkweed)

Pinkish- Purple /
Full Sun.

Use in Butterfly gardens, meadows, prairies, or naturalized/native plant areas. This plant is considered by many gardeners to be too vigorous and weedy for borders.

June - August

Native American plant

36 x 12
(90 x 30)

Light Green /
Dry

Her Perennial /
Well-drained sandy soil

Nectar and Pollen. Pollen is in 2 masses connected by a strand. These strands may become entang-led in bee's legs causing heavy morta-lity of honey bees.

Collinsia heterophylla
(Purple Chinese Houses, Harlequin Blue-Eyed Mary, Chinese Houses)

White, Pink, Purple /
Part Shade

March - June

In a wildflower mix for a wildflower garden in America

24 x 12
(60 x 30) Spacing

Bright Green /
Moist

Annual /
Well-drained soil

Nectar
All Collin-sia variet-ies are used by the bees

Cynara cardunculus
(Cardoon, Globe Artichoke, Prickly Artichoke)

Purple /
Full Sun.
The Cardoon Group has edible leaf stems and the Artichoke of the Scolymus Group has edible flower buds. If eaten before flowering, you may not get the flowers pollinated by bees.

June - September

Weed in California and Argentina

cynaracflo1cardunculusmixedborderskavanagh

60 x 48
(150 x 120)

Deeply-cut, silvery-green /
Dry, Moist.
Weed in Australia

Her Perennial /
Well-drained soil

Nectar

Cynoglossum officinale
(Hounds-tongue, Houdstooth, Dog's Tongue, Gypsy Flower, Rats and Mice)

Reddish -Purple /
Full Sun.
Prolonged eating of this plant is poisonous to the liver of cattle, horses and humans

May - September
Weed sticking to the wool of sheep in America. Due to grooming before shows in the UK, this is not so much of a problem.

24 x 12
(60 x 30)

Foliage is toxic to cattle and horses in Canada.

Mid-Green /
Moist, Wet

Cynoglossum creticum is a problem weed in Argentina and Chile and is on the Alert List for Environmental Weeds in Australia.

Annual or Biennial /
Wet places, waste land and hedges in poor soil with no mulch or feeding

Nectar All Cyno-glos-sum variet-ies are used by bees

Hedysarum hedysaroides
(Alpine French Honeysuckle)

Purple/ Scarlet/ Red /
Full Sun only. Use in Rock Garden. Edible roots

June - August

Native American and Russian plant

16 x 28
(40 x 70)

hedysarumhedysaoidesflot9

Mid-Green /
Moist

Her Perennial /
Well-drained soil

Nectar

Medicago sativa
(Alfalfa, Lucerne)

Native in Peaflower Family

Purple /
Full Sun only.
Alfalfa is the most cultivated forage legume in the world. Worldwide production was around 436 million tons in 2006.

June - July

medicagocflossativalucernepolunin

39 x 18
(98 x 45)

Seed available from Zhong Wei Horticultural Products Company in Yunnan, China for shipping to all countries in the world.

Dark Green /
Dry, Moist.

If the Green Manure Hedge has a chicken wire fence on both sides of it, your rabbit can use it for food as a Rabbit run.

Her Perennial /
Well-drained alkaline soil with lime. Can be grown as a Green Manure for 2 or more years as a low dividing hedge in the vegetable garden.

Nectar, some pollen is also coll-ected from the Medi-cago lupulina - Black Medic

"Alfalfa seed production requires the presence of pollinators when the fields of alfalfa are in bloom. Alfalfa pollination is somewhat problematic, however, because western honey bees, the most commonly used pollinator, are not suitable for this purpose; the pollen-carrying keel of the alfalfa flower trips and strikes pollinating bees on the head, which helps transfer the pollen to the foraging bee. Western honey bees, however, do not like being struck in the head repeatedly and learn to defeat this action by drawing nectar from the side of the flower. The bees thus collect the nectar, but carry no pollen, so do not pollinate the next flower they visit. Because older, experienced bees do not pollinate alfalfa well, most pollination is accomplished by young bees that have not yet learned the trick of robbing the flower without tripping the head-knocking keel. When western honey bees are used to pollinate alfalfa, the beekeeper stocks the field at a very high rate to maximize the number of young bees. Western honey bee colonies may suffer protein stress when working alfalfa only, due to shortage of one of the amino acids comprising the pollen protein, isoleucine. Today, the alfalfa leafcutter bee is increasingly used to circumvent these problems. As a solitary but gregarious bee species, it does not build colonies or store honey, but is a very efficient pollinator of alfalfa flowers. Nesting is in individual tunnels in wooden or plastic material, supplied by the alfalfa seed growers. The leafcutter bees are used in the Pacific Northwest, while western honeybees dominate in California alfalfa seed production."

The spacings (the distance between the plants) recommended above should enable the plants of the same genera to cover the ground in 2-3 years.

Centaurea
like
Centaurea nigra
(Hardhead, Black Knapweed, Lesser Knapweed, Common Knapweed,
Centaurea obscura)

Native in Daisy Thistle Family

Florets
Red-Purple Flower-heads
centaureacflopnigrablackknapweedcorke

Full Sun

Jun - Sep

In Europe, the plant is an important source of food for the European goldfinch, honey bee, lime-speck pug moth, and the following butterflies: large skipper, meadow brown, small heath, painted lady, peacock, red admiral, small copper and small skipper.

24 x 18
(60 x 45)

Mid-green, softly or roughly hairy.

Dry

Herbaceous Perennial of meadows, sea-cliffs, roadsides, railway banks, woodland edges and field borders.

Use on slopes and Rock Gardens

Honey, Nectar

It provides a great deal of nectar for pollinators - rated in the top 5 for most nectar production in a UK plants survey.

Malva sylvestris
(Common Mallow)

The French for Mallow is 'mauve,' and is where the colour name comes from.

Native in Mallow Family

Pinkish-purple
malvacflopsylvestriscommonmallowcorke1

Full Sun, Part Shade

Jun-Sep

Invasive in USA, Canada and Mexico.

Attracts butterflies, ladybirds and moths as well

24-48 x 24-36
(60-120 x 60-90)

It reproduces freely from seed.

Mid-Green

Dry

Plant with Alcea rosea 'Halo Pink', Leucanthemum vulgare and Silene dioica

Herbaceous Perennial on Well-drained chalk or Sand on roadsides, railway banks, in shelter of walls, on sea-cliffs. Use by hedges or in middle of bed, Cottage Garden, Wildflower Garden.

Nectar and Pollen.
Also used by Bumble-bees

Lythrum salicaria
(Purple Loosestrife)

Native in
Loosestrife Family

Red-purple
fpurpleflotloosestrife1
narrow-petalled, 6-petalled, arranged in whorls

Jun-Aug

The plant is highly invasive and can quickly spread through an area and out-compete all native flora. Don't be tempted to grow it at home, find something else.

24-48 x
(60-120 x )

Unstalked untoothed lanceolate dark green leaves

Grows on margins of slow-flowing rivers, canals, lakes and willow carr.

Nectar and Pollen

Vicia sativa
(Garden Vetch, Tare, Vetch, Common Vetch)

Native in Peaflower Vetches/Peas Family

Solitary or paired, Pea-like Purple flowers
viciafflo1psativacommonvetchfoord1
followed by hairy legume pods containing smooth seeds.

Full Sun

Jun-Sep

Be careful when sowing that during the next few days that the pigeons do not eat those seeds.

60 x 60
(150 x 150)

Mid Green leaves mature to Blue-Green with 4-7 pairs of oval leaflets and usually branched tendrils.

Dry in Part Shade, Moist in Full Sun

Fodder annual in grassy places on Sand. As a legume it is often grown as a green manure, livestock fodder for horses and cattle or rotation crop and ground cover. 1,200,000 acres per year is grown of this in Australia

Pollen.

Mostly visited by Bumble-bees

Erica cinerea
(Bell Heather)

Native in Heath Family

See Erica cinerea Index of cultivars with its other flower colours ranging from white through pink to red

Bell-shaped, Purple
bellcfloheather
 

Full Sun

Jun-Jul

6-24 x 12-18
(15-60 x 30-45)

Fine needle-like leaves in whorls of 3

Dry

Evergreen Shrub on moors, coastal dune heath and dune slack on nutrient poor well-drained acidic sand soil. Use as groundcover among plantings of dwarf conifers

Nectar and Pollen to create Heather Honey

 

‘The Heather Society’ (THS) as a charity was originally formed in 1963 and closed at the end of 2020.

Despite repeated appeals via email and newsletter over the previous 3 years, no new people came forward to serve on The Heather Society (THS) committee. The workload on the existing committee became such that it was agreed that THS should close.

A new society as a donations-based, not-for-profit organisation, was being planned. However, with the demise of the Secretary, Phil Joyner, and other commitments, the remaining THS committee members failed to get a consensus on filling the roles of running a Heather Society (HS) organisation. As such, it was decided that HS was not viable.

Society information can be found below by Clicking the titles.

THS AGM and Society Records

Society Publications

Society News with Gardeners Question Time Wisley Heather Beds Posted on August 31, 2020.

2016 Awards of Honour

Obituaries

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Topic
Plants detailed in this website by
Botanical Name
A, B, C, D, E, F, G,
H, I, J, K, L, M, N,
O, P, Q, R, S, T, U,
V, W, X, Y, Z ,
Bulb
A1, 2, 3, B, C1, 2,
 D, E, F, G, Glad,
H, I, J, K, L1, 2,
 M, N, O, P, Q, R,
 S, T, U, V, W, XYZ ,
Evergreen Perennial
A, B, C, D, E, F, G,
H, I, J, K, L, M, N,
O, P, Q, R, S, T, U,
V, W, X, Y, Z ,
Herbaceous Perennial
A1, 2, B, C, D, E, F,
G, H, I, J, K, L, M,
N, O, P1, 2, Q, R,
S, T, U, V, W, XYZ,
Diascia Photo Album,
UK Peony Index
Wildflower
Botanical Names,
Common Names ,
will be compared in:- Flower colour/month
Evergreen Perennial,
Flower shape Wildflower Flower Shape and
Plant use
Evergreen Perennial Flower Shape,
Bee plants for hay-fever sufferers
Bee-Pollinated Index
Butterfly
Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis, Butterfly Usage of Plants.
Chalk
A, B, C, D, E, F, G,
H, I, J, K, L, M, N,
O, P, QR, S, T, UV,
WXYZ
Companion Planting
A, B, C, D, E, F, G,
H, I, J, K, L, M, N,
O, P, Q, R , S, T,
U ,V, W, X, Y, Z,
Pest Control using Plants
Fern Fern
1000 Ground Cover A, B, C, D, E, F, G,
H, I, J, K, L, M, N,
O, P, Q, R, S, T, U,
V, W, XYZ ,
Rock Garden and Alpine Flowers
A, B, C, D, E, F, G,
H, I, J, K, L, M,
NO, PQ, R, S, T,
UVWXYZ
Rose Rose Use
These 5 have Page links in rows below
Bulbs from the Infill Galleries (next row), Camera Photos,
Plant Colour Wheel Uses,
Sense of Fragrance, Wild Flower

Case Studies
...Drive Foundations
Ryegrass and turf kills plants within Roadstone and in Topsoil due to it starving and dehydrating them.
CEDAdrive creates stable drive surface and drains rain into your ground, rather than onto the public road.
8 problems caused by building house on clay or with house-wall attached to clay.
Pre-building work on polluted soil.

Companion Planting
to provide a Companion Plant to aid your selected plant or deter its pests

Garden
Construction
with ground drains

Garden Design
...How to Use the Colour Wheel Concepts for Selection of Flowers, Foliage and Flower Shape
...RHS Mixed
Borders
......Bedding Plants
......Her Perennials
......Other Plants
......Camera photos of Plant supports
Garden
Maintenance
Glossary with a tomato teaching cauliflowers
Home
Library of over 1000 books
Offbeat Glossary with DuLally Bird in its flower clock.

Plants
...in Chalk
(Alkaline) Soil
......A-F1, A-F2,
......A-F3, G-L, M-R,
......M-R Roses, S-Z
...in Heavy
Clay Soil
......A-F, G-L, M-R,
......S-Z
...in Lime-Free
(Acid) Soil
......A-F, G-L, M-R,
......S-Z
...in Light
Sand Soil
......A-F, G-L, M-R,
......S-Z.
...Poisonous Plants.
...Extra Plant Pages
with its 6 Plant Selection Levels

Soil
...Interaction between 2 Quartz Sand Grains to make soil
...How roots of plants are in control in the soil
...Without replacing Soil Nutrients, the soil will break up to only clay, sand or silt
...Subsidence caused by water in Clay
...Use water ring for trees/shrubs for first 2 years.

Tool Shed with 3 kneeling pads
Useful Data with benefits of Seaweed

Topic -
Plant Photo Galleries
If the plant type below has flowers, then the first gallery will include the flower thumbnail in each month of 1 of 6 colour comparison pages of each plant in its subsidiary galleries, as a low-level Plant Selection Process
Aquatic
Bamboo
Bedding
...by Flower Shape

Bulb
...Allium/ Anemone
...Autumn
...Colchicum/ Crocus
...Dahlia
...Gladiolus with its 40 Flower Colours
......European A-E
......European F-M
......European N-Z
......European Non-classified
......American A,
B, C, D, E, F, G,
 H, I, J, K, L, M,
 N, O, P, Q, R, S,
 T, U, V, W, XYZ
......American Non-classified
......Australia - empty
......India
......Lithuania
...Hippeastrum/ Lily
...Late Summer
...Narcissus
...Spring
...Tulip
...Winter
...Each of the above ...Bulb Galleries has its own set of Flower Colour Pages
...Flower Shape
...Bulb Form
...Bulb Use
...Bulb in Soil

Further details on bulbs from the Infill Galleries:-
Hardy Bulbs
...Aconitum
...Allium
...Alstroemeria
...Anemone
...Amaryllis
...Anthericum
...Antholyzas
...Apios
...Arisaema
...Arum
...Asphodeline
...Asphodelus
...Belamcanda
...Bloomeria
...Brodiaea
...Bulbocodium
...Calochorti
...Cyclobothrias
...Camassia
...Colchicum
...Convallaria 
...Forcing Lily of the Valley
...Corydalis
...Crinum
...Crosmia
...Montbretia
...Crocus
...Cyclamen
...Dicentra
...Dierama
...Eranthis
...Eremurus
...Erythrnium
...Eucomis
...Fritillaria
...Funkia
...Galanthus
...Galtonia
...Gladiolus
...Hemerocallis
...Hyacinth
...Hyacinths in Pots
...Scilla
...Puschkinia
...Chionodoxa
...Chionoscilla
...Muscari
...Iris
...Kniphofia
...Lapeyrousia
...Leucojum
...Lilium
...Lilium in Pots
...Malvastrum
...Merendera
...Milla
...Narcissus
...Narcissi in Pots
...Ornithogalum
...Oxalis
...Paeonia
...Ranunculus
...Romulea
...Sanguinaria
...Sternbergia
...Schizostylis
...Tecophilaea
...Trillium
...Tulip
...Zephyranthus
Half-Hardy Bulbs
...Acidanthera
...Albuca
...Alstroemeri
...Andro-stephium
...Bassers
...Boussing-aultias
...Bravoas
...Cypellas
...Dahlias
...Galaxis,
...Geissorhizas
...Hesperanthas
...Gladioli
...Ixias
...Sparaxises
...Babianas
...Morphixias
...Tritonias
...Ixiolirions
...Moraeas
...Ornithogalums
...Oxalises
...Phaedra-nassas
...Pancratiums
...Tigridias
...Zephyranthes
...Cooperias
Uses of Bulbs:-
...for Bedding
...in Windowboxes
...in Border
...naturalized in Grass
...in Bulb Frame
...in Woodland Garden
...in Rock Garden
...in Bowls
...in Alpine House
...Bulbs in Green-house or Stove:-
...Achimenes
...Alocasias
...Amorpho-phalluses
...Arisaemas
...Arums
...Begonias
...Bomareas
...Caladiums
...Clivias
...Colocasias
...Crinums
...Cyclamens
...Cyrtanthuses
...Eucharises
...Urceocharis
...Eurycles
...Freesias
...Gloxinias
...Haemanthus
...Hippeastrums
...Lachenalias
...Nerines
...Lycorises
...Pencratiums
...Hymenocallises
...Richardias
...Sprekelias
...Tuberoses
...Vallotas
...Watsonias
...Zephyranthes
...Plant Bedding in
......Spring
......Summer
...Bulb houseplants flowering during:-
......January
......February
......March
......April
......May
......June
......July
......August
......September
......October
......November
......December
...Bulbs and other types of plant flowering during:-
......Dec-Jan
......Feb-Mar
......Apr-May
......Jun-Aug
......Sep-Oct
......Nov-Dec
...Selection of the smaller and choicer plants for the Smallest of Gardens with plant flowering during the same 6 periods as in the previous selection

Climber in
3 Sector Vertical Plant System
...Clematis
...Climbers
Conifer
Deciduous Shrub
...Shrubs - Decid
Deciduous Tree
...Trees - Decid
Evergreen Perennial
...P-Evergreen A-L
...P-Evergreen M-Z
...Flower Shape
Evergreen Shrub
...Shrubs - Evergreen
...Heather Shrub
...Heather Index
......Andromeda
......Bruckenthalia
......Calluna
......Daboecia
......Erica: Carnea
......Erica: Cinerea
......Erica: Others
Evergreen Tree
...Trees - Evergreen
Fern
Grass
Hedging
Herbaceous
Perennial
...P -Herbaceous
...Peony
...Flower Shape
...RHS Wisley
......Mixed Border
......Other Borders
Herb
Odds and Sods
Rhododendron

Rose
...RHS Wisley A-F
...RHS Wisley G-R
...RHS Wisley S-Z
...Rose Use - page links in row 6. Rose, RHS Wisley and Other Roses rose indices on each Rose Use page
...Other Roses A-F
...Other Roses G-R
...Other Roses S-Z
Pruning Methods
Photo Index R 1, 2, 3
Peter Beales Roses
RV Roger Roses

Soft Fruit
Top Fruit
...Apple
...Cherry
...Pear
Vegetable
Wild Flower and
Butterfly page links are in next row

Topic -
UK Butterfly:-
...Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis and Butterfly Usage
of Plants.
...Plant Usage by
Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis and Butterfly.

Both native wildflowers and cultivated plants, with these
...Flower Shape,
...Uses in USA,
...Uses in UK and
...Flo Cols / month are used by Butter-flies native in UK


Wild Flower with its wildflower flower colour page, space,
data page(s).
...Blue Site Map.
Scented Flower, Foliage, Root.
Story of their Common Names.
Use of Plant with Flowers.
Use for Non-Flowering Plants.
Edible Plant Parts.
Flower Legend.
Flowering plants of Chalk and
Limestone 1, 2.
Flowering plants of Acid Soil 1.
...Brown Botanical Names.
Food for
Butterfly/Moth.
...Cream Common Names.
Coastal and Dunes.
Sandy Shores and Dunes.
...Green Broad-leaved Woods.
...Mauve Grassland - Acid, Neutral, Chalk.
...Multi-Cols Heaths and Moors.
...Orange Hedge-rows and Verges.
...Pink A-G Lakes, Canals and Rivers.
...Pink H-Z Marshes, Fens, Bogs.
...Purple Old Buildings and Walls.
...Red Pinewoods.
...White A-D
Saltmarshes.
Shingle Beaches, Rocks and Cliff Tops.
...White E-P Other.
...White Q-Z Number of Petals.
...Yellow A-G
Pollinator.
...Yellow H-Z
Poisonous Parts.
...Shrub/Tree River Banks and other Freshwater Margins. and together with cultivated plants in
Colour Wheel.

You know its
name:-
a-h, i-p, q-z,
Botanical Names, or Common Names,
habitat:-
on Acid Soil,
on Calcareous
(Chalk) Soil,
on Marine Soil,
on Neutral Soil,
is a Fern,
is a Grass,
is a Rush,
is a Sedge, or
is Poisonous.

Each plant in each WILD FLOWER FAMILY PAGE will have a link to:-
1) its created Plant Description Page in its Common Name column, then external sites:-
2) to purchase the plant or seed in its Botanical Name column,
3) to see photos in its Flowering Months column and
4) to read habitat details in its Habitat Column.
Adder's Tongue
Amaranth
Arrow-Grass
Arum
Balsam
Bamboo
Barberry
Bedstraw
Beech
Bellflower
Bindweed
Birch
Birds-Nest
Birthwort
Bogbean
Bog Myrtle
Borage
Box
Broomrape
Buckthorn
Buddleia
Bur-reed
Buttercup
Butterwort
Cornel (Dogwood)
Crowberry
Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 1
Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 2
Cypress
Daffodil
Daisy
Daisy Cudweeds
Daisy Chamomiles
Daisy Thistle
Daisy Catsears Daisy Hawkweeds
Daisy Hawksbeards
Daphne
Diapensia
Dock Bistorts
Dock Sorrels
Clubmoss
Duckweed
Eel-Grass
Elm
Filmy Fern
Horsetail
Polypody
Quillwort
Royal Fern
Figwort - Mulleins
Figwort - Speedwells
Flax
Flowering-Rush
Frog-bit
Fumitory
Gentian
Geranium
Glassworts
Gooseberry
Goosefoot
Grass 1
Grass 2
Grass 3
Grass Soft
Bromes 1
Grass Soft
Bromes 2
Grass Soft
Bromes 3
Hazel
Heath
Hemp
Herb-Paris
Holly
Honeysuckle
Horned-Pondweed
Hornwort
Iris
Ivy
Jacobs Ladder
Lily
Lily Garlic
Lime
Lobelia
Loosestrife
Mallow
Maple
Mares-tail
Marsh Pennywort
Melon (Gourd/Cucumber)
Mesem-bryanthemum
Mignonette
Milkwort
Mistletoe
Moschatel
Naiad
Nettle
Nightshade
Oleaster
Olive
Orchid 1
Orchid 2
Orchid 3
Orchid 4
Parnassus-Grass
Peaflower
Peaflower
Clover 1
Peaflower
Clover 2
Peaflower
Clover 3
Peaflower Vetches/Peas
Peony
Periwinkle
Pillwort
Pine
Pink 1
Pink 2
Pipewort
Pitcher-Plant
Plantain
Pondweed
Poppy
Primrose
Purslane
Rannock Rush
Reedmace
Rockrose
Rose 1
Rose 2
Rose 3
Rose 4
Rush
Rush Woodrushes
Saint Johns Wort
Saltmarsh Grasses
Sandalwood
Saxifrage
Seaheath
Sea Lavender
Sedge Rush-like
Sedges Carex 1
Sedges Carex 2
Sedges Carex 3
Sedges Carex 4
Spindle-Tree
Spurge
Stonecrop
Sundew
Tamarisk
Tassel Pondweed
Teasel
Thyme 1
Thyme 2
Umbellifer 1
Umbellifer 2
Valerian
Verbena
Violet
Water Fern
Waterlily
Water Milfoil
Water Plantain
Water Starwort
Waterwort
Willow
Willow-Herb
Wintergreen
Wood-Sorrel
Yam
Yew


Topic -
The following is a complete hierarchical Plant Selection Process
dependent on the Garden Style chosen
Garden Style
...Infill Plants
...12 Bloom Colours per Month Index
...12 Foliage Colours per Month Index
...All Plants Index
...Cultivation, Position, Use Index
...Shape, Form
Index
 


Topic -
Flower/Foliage Colour Wheel Galleries with number of colours as a high-level Plant Selection Process

All Flowers 53 with
...Use of Plant and
Flower Shape - page links in bottom row

All Foliage 53
instead of redundant
...(All Foliage 212)

All Flowers
per Month 12

Bee instead of wind pollinated plants for hay-fever sufferers
All Bee-Pollinated Flowers
per Month 12
...Index

Rock Garden and Alpine Flowers
Rock Plant Flowers 53 INDEX
A, B, C, D, E, F,
G, H, I, J, K, L,
M, NO, PQ, R, S,
T, UVWXYZ
...Rock Plant Photos

Flower Colour Wheel without photos, but with links to photos
12 Bloom Colours
per Month Index
...All Plants Index


Topic -
Use of Plant in your Plant Selection Process

Plant Colour Wheel Uses
with
1. Perfect general use soil is composed of 8.3% lime, 16.6% humus, 25% clay and 50% sand, and
2. Why you are continually losing the SOIL STRUCTURE so your soil - will revert to clay, chalk, sand or silt.
Uses of Plant and Flower Shape:-
...Foliage Only
...Other than Green Foliage
...Trees in Lawn
...Trees in Small Gardens
...Wildflower Garden
...Attract Bird
...Attract Butterfly
1, 2
...Climber on House Wall
...Climber not on House Wall
...Climber in Tree
...Rabbit-Resistant
...Woodland
...Pollution Barrier
...Part Shade
...Full Shade
...Single Flower provides Pollen for Bees
1, 2, 3
...Ground-Cover
<60cm
60-180cm
>180cm
...Hedge
...Wind-swept
...Covering Banks
...Patio Pot
...Edging Borders
...Back of Border
...Poisonous
...Adjacent to Water
...Bog Garden
...Tolerant of Poor Soil
...Winter-Flowering
...Fragrant
...Not Fragrant
...Exhibition
...Standard Plant is 'Ball on Stick'
...Upright Branches or Sword-shaped leaves
...Plant to Prevent Entry to Human or Animal
...Coastal Conditions
...Tolerant on North-facing Wall
...Cut Flower
...Potted Veg Outdoors
...Potted Veg Indoors
...Thornless
...Raised Bed Outdoors Veg
...Grow in Alkaline Soil A-F, G-L, M-R,
S-Z
...Grow in Acidic Soil
...Grow in Any Soil
...Grow in Rock Garden
...Grow Bulbs Indoors

Uses of Bedding
...Bedding Out
...Filling In
...Screen-ing
...Pots and Troughs
...Window Boxes
...Hanging Baskets
...Spring Bedding
...Summer Bedding
...Winter Bedding
...Foliage instead of Flower
...Coleus Bedding Photos for use in Public Domain 1

Uses of Bulb
...Other than Only Green Foliage
...Bedding or Mass Planting
...Ground-Cover
...Cut-Flower
...Tolerant of Shade
...In Woodland Areas
...Under-plant
...Tolerant of Poor Soil
...Covering Banks
...In Water
...Beside Stream or Water Garden
...Coastal Conditions
...Edging Borders
...Back of Border or Back-ground Plant
...Fragrant Flowers
...Not Fragrant Flowers
...Indoor
House-plant
...Grow in a Patio Pot
...Grow in an Alpine Trough
...Grow in an Alpine House
...Grow in Rock Garden
...Speciman Plant
...Into Native Plant Garden
...Naturalize in Grass
...Grow in Hanging Basket
...Grow in Window-box
...Grow in Green-house
...Grow in Scree
...Naturalized Plant Area
...Grow in Cottage Garden
...Attracts Butterflies
...Attracts Bees
...Resistant to Wildlife
...Bulb in Soil:-
......Chalk
......Clay
......Sand
......Lime-Free (Acid)
......Peat

Uses of Rose
Rose Index
...Bedding 1, 2
...Climber /Pillar
...Cut-Flower 1, 2
...Exhibition, Speciman
...Ground-Cover
...Grow In A Container 1, 2
...Hedge 1, 2
...Climber in Tree
...Woodland
...Edging Borders
...Tolerant of Poor Soil 1, 2
...Tolerant of Shade
...Back of Border
...Adjacent to Water
...Page for rose use as ARCH ROSE, PERGOLA ROSE, COASTAL CONDITIONS ROSE, WALL ROSE, STANDARD ROSE, COVERING BANKS or THORNLESS ROSES.
...FRAGRANT ROSES
...NOT FRAGRANT ROSES


Topic -
Camera Photo Galleries showing all 4000 x 3000 pixels of each photo on your screen that you can then click and drag it to your desktop as part of a Plant Selection Process:-

RHS Garden at Wisley
Plant Supports -
When supporting plants in a bed, it is found that not only do those plants grow upwards, but also they expand their roots and footpad sideways each year. Pages
1, 2, 3, 8, 11,
12, 13,
Plants 4, 7, 10,
Bedding Plants 5,
Plant Supports for Unknown Plants 5,
Clematis Climbers 6,
the RHS does not appear to either follow it's own pruning advice or advice from The Pruning of Trees, Shrubs and Conifers by George E. Brown.
ISBN 0-571-11084-3 with the plants in Pages 1-7 of this folder. You can see from looking at both these resources as to whether the pruning carried out on the remainder of the plants in Pages 7-15 was correct.
Narcissus (Daffodil) 9,
Phlox Plant Supports 14, 15

Coleus Bedding Foliage Trial - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30,
31, 32, Index

National Trust Garden at Sissinghurst Castle
Plant Supports -
Pages for Gallery 1
with Plant Supports
1, 5, 10
Plants
 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9,
11, 12
Recommended Rose Pruning Methods 13
Pages for Gallery 2
with Plant Supports
2,
Plants 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Dry Garden of
RHS Garden at
Hyde Hall
Plants - Pages
without Plant Supports
Plants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Nursery of
Peter Beales Roses
Display Garden
Roses Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13

Nursery of
RV Roger
Roses - Pages
A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,
A6,A7,A8,A9,A10,
A11,A12,A13,A14,
B15,
B16,B17,B18,B19,
B20,
B21,B22,B23,B24,
B25,
B26,B27,B28,B29,
B30,
C31,C32,C33,C34,
C35,
C36,C37,C38,C39,
C40,
C41,CD2,D43,D44,
D45,
D46,D47,D48,D49,
E50,
E51,E52,F53,F54,
F55,
F56,F57,G58,G59,
H60,
H61,I62,K63,L64,
M65,
M66,N67,P68,P69,
P70,
R71,R72,S73,S74,
T75,
V76,Z77, 78,

Damage by Plants in Chilham Village - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4

Pavements of Funchal, Madeira
Damage to Trees - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13
for trees 1-54,
14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
for trees 55-95,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30,
31, 32, 33, 34, 35,
36, 37,
for trees 95-133,
38, 39, 40,
41, 42, 43, 44, 45,
for trees 133-166

Chris Garnons-Williams
Work Done - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13

Identity of Plants
Label Problems - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11

Ron and Christine Foord - 1036 photos only inserted so far - Garden Flowers - Start Page of each Gallery
AB1 ,AN14,BA27,
CH40,CR52,DR63,
FR74,GE85,HE96,

Plant with Photo Index of Ivydene Gardens - 1187
A 1, 2, Photos - 43
B 1, Photos - 13
C 1, Photos - 35
D 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
Photos - 411
with Plants causing damage to buildings in Chilham Village and Damage to Trees in Pavements of Funchal
E 1, Photos - 21
F 1, Photos - 1
G 1, Photos - 5
H 1, Photos - 21
I 1, Photos - 8
J 1, Photos - 1
K 1, Photos - 1
L 1, Photos - 85
with Label Problems
M 1, Photos - 9
N 1, Photos - 12
O 1, Photos - 5
P 1, Photos - 54
Q 1, Photos -
R 1, 2, 3,
Photos - 229
S 1, Photos - 111
T 1, Photos - 13
U 1, Photos - 5
V 1, Photos - 4
W 1, Photos - 100
with Work Done by Chris Garnons-Williams
X 1 Photos -
Y 1, Photos -
Z 1 Photos -
Articles/Items in Ivydene Gardens - 88
Flower Colour, Num of Petals, Shape and
Plant Use of:-
Rock Garden
within linked page

 

 

Topic -
Fragrant Plants as a Plant Selection Process for your sense of smell:-
Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders

Fragrant Plants:-
Trees and Shrubs with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for an Acid Soil
1, 2, 3, 4
Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for a
Chalky or Limestone Soil
1, 2, 3, 4
Shrubs bearing Scented leaves for a
Sandy Soil
1, 2, 3
Herbaceous Plants with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3
Annual and Biennial Plants with Scented Flowers or Leaves
1, 2
Bulbs and Corms with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Scented Plants of Climbing and Trailing Habit
1, 2, 3
Winter-flowering Plants with Scented Flowers
1, 2
Night-scented Flowering Plants
1, 2
 


Topic -
Website User Guidelines

My Gas Service Engineer found Flow and Return pipes incorrectly positioned on gas boilers and customers had refused to have positioning corrected in 2020.
 

Purple Flowers in June


You can download this page and put this table into WORD or PAGES and add columns to give you common name, foliage colour, plant type, soil, soil moisture, sun, use, etc.
Then, reorder table according to common name, etc.
You then have 12 useful flower colour tables for each of the 12 months of bee-pollinated plants.

The above process can be carried out on any of the pages in this website.

Flowering Months.
 

Botanical Plant Name

with link to
UK or
European Union
mail-order supplier

link to other page instead of this one in this gallery for its description

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Scrophularia nodosa

 

 

 

 

 

Green or Purple
commoncflofigwort1

Green or Purple
commoncflofigwort2

Green or Purple
commoncflofigwort3

Green or Purple
commoncflofigwort4

 

 

 

Trifolium pratense

 

 

 

 

Pink or Purple
trifoliumcflopratenseredclovercorke1

Pink or Purple
trifoliumcflopratenseredclovercorke1a

Pink or Purple
trifoliumcflopratenseredclovercorke1b

Pink or Purple
trifoliumcflopratenseredclovercorke1c

Pink or Purple
trifoliumcflopratenseredclovercorke1d

 

 

 

Cynoglossum officinale

 

 

 

 

Reddish -Purple

Reddish -Purple

Reddish -Purple

Reddish -Purple

Reddish -Purple

 

 

 

Purple-flowered Allium like Allium hollandicum 'Purple Sensation'

 

 

 

 

Deep Purple
alliumcflo1hollandicumpurplesensationgarnonswilliams1

Deep Purple
alliumcflo1hollandicumpurplesensationgarnonswilliams2

 

 

 

 

 

 

Collinsia heterophylla

 

 

White, Pink and Purple
collinsiacflos1heterophyllawikimediacommons1

White, Pink and Purple
collinsiacflos1heterophyllawikimediacommons1a

White, Pink and Purple
collinsiacflos1heterophyllawikimediacommons1b

White, Pink and Purple
collinsiacflos1heterophyllawikimediacommons1c

 

 

 

 

 

 

Asclepias syriaca

 

 

 

 

 

Pinkish- Purple

Pinkish- Purple

Pinkish- Purple

 

 

 

 

Cynara cardunculus

 

 

 

 

 

Purple
cynaracflo1cardunculusmixedborderskavanagh1

Purple
cynaracflo1cardunculusmixedborderskavanagh1a

Purple
cynaracflo1cardunculusmixedborderskavanagh1b

Purple
cynaracflo1cardunculusmixedborderskavanagh1c

 

 

 

Hedysarum hedy-saroides

 

 

 

 

 

Purple/ Scarlet/ Red
hedysarumhedysaoidesflot9a

Purple/ Scarlet/ Red
hedysarumhedysaoidesflot9a1

Purple/ Scarlet/ Red
hedysarumhedysaoidesflot9a2

 

 

 

 

Medicago sativa

 

 

 

 

 

Purple
medicagocflossativalucernepolunin1

Purple
medicagocflossativalucernepolunin2

 

 

 

 

 

Fraxinus excelsior

 

Purple

Purple

Purple

Purple

Purple

 

 

 

 

 

 

Botanical Plant Name

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Centaurea
like
Centaurea nigra

 

 

 

 

 

Florets
Red-Purple Flower-heads
centaureacflopnigrablackknapweedcorke1

Florets
Red-Purple Flower-heads
centaureacflopnigrablackknapweedcorke1a

Florets
Red-Purple Flower-heads
centaureacflopnigrablackknapweedcorke1b

Florets
Red-Purple Flower-heads
centaureacflopnigrablackknapweedcorke1c

 

 

 

Malva sylvestris
(Common Mallow)

 

 

 

 

 

Pinkish-purple
malvacflopsylvestriscommonmallowcorke1a

Pinkish-purple
malvacflopsylvestriscommonmallowcorke1b

Pinkish-purple
malvacflopsylvestriscommonmallowcorke1c

Pinkish-purple
malvacflopsylvestriscommonmallowcorke1d

 

 

 

Lythrum salicaria
(Purple Loosestrife)

 

 

 

 

 

Red-purple
fpurpleflotloosestrife1a

Red-purple
fpurpleflotloosestrife1b

Red-purple
fpurpleflotloosestrife1c

 

 

 

 

Vicia sativa
(Garden Vetch, Tare, Vetch, Common Vetch)

Native in Peaflower Vetches/Peas Family

 

 

 

 

 

Solitary or paired, Pea-like Purple flowers
viciafflo1psativacommonvetchfoord1a

Solitary or paired, Pea-like Purple flowers
viciafflo1psativacommonvetchfoord1b

Solitary or paired, Pea-like Purple flowers
viciafflo1psativacommonvetchfoord1c

Solitary or paired, Pea-like Purple flowers
viciafflo1psativacommonvetchfoord1d

 

 

 

Erica cinerea
(Bell Heather)

Native in Heath Family

See Erica cinerea Index of cultivars with its other flower colours ranging from white through pink to red

 

 

 

 

 

Bell-shaped, Purple
bellcfloheather1

Bell-shaped, Purple
bellcfloheather2

 

 

 

 

 

Hebe 'Carl Teschner'
(Hebe 'Youngii', Shrubby Veronica)

 

 

 

 

 

Violet-Purple
hebecflospkarlteschnerfoord1

Violet-Purple
hebecflospkarlteschnerfoord1a

Violet-Purple
hebecflospkarlteschnerfoord1b

 

 

 

 

Agastache foeniculum
(Agastache anethiodora,
Agastache anisata, Anise hyssop, Blue giant hyssop

 

 

 

 

 

Purple tubular flowers in dense spikes

Purple tubular flowers in dense spikes

Purple tubular flowers in dense spikes

Purple tubular flowers in dense spikes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Botanical Plant Name

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

 


Best plants for bees by BBC Gardeners' World Magazine Published: Friday, 18 March, 2022 at 8:30 am
Our gardens are extremely important for bees and other pollinators, providing them with the nectar and pollen they need to thrive, as well as nesting habitats. Nectar provides them with the energy they need to fly and find a nest, while pollen provides bee grubs with the protein they need to grow. By growing a good mix of flowering plants in your garden, you can provide a wealth of nectar and pollen for a wide range of bee species.

How to grow plants for bees

  • Choose single, open flowers where you can see the central part of the flower – where the bees can access the nectar and pollen. Different bees are active at different times of the year. Some emerge from hibernation as early as February, while others are still flying in November. To give bees the best possible chance to thrive, it's therefore important to grow flowers from late winter to autumn – all year round if possible.
  • Planting spring bulbs? A great way to help bees in spring is to plant spring-flowering bulbs in autumn. Bulbs are hardy and reliable plants, so you can guarantee the bees will have a source of pollen and nectar when there's little else in flower.
  • Planting bulbs in containers is an easy way to ensure you don’t miss their colourful displays, especially if they’re along the front path, next to the back door or on your patio. Choosing varieties that are rich in both nectar and pollen will be a lifeline for the first emerging bumblebees, some of which come out from hibernation as early as February. Plant bulbs that flower over a long season, including early-flowering crocus and late-spring flowering fritillaries. By combining bulbs, you’ll not only create eye catching pots but attract different pollinators, too.
  • Grow single flowers for bees
    Most double flowers are of little use, as they have so many petals the bees can't get to the central part of the flower, where the nectar and pollen are found. Roses and dahlias are often bred to have double flowers, but there are plenty of beautiful single-flowered varieties to grow, instead.
  • Grow purple flowers for bees
    Bees can see the colour purple more clearly than any other colour, and some of the best bee plants, such as lavender, alliums, buddleia and catmint, have purple flowers. That said, many flowers in other colours will still attract bees, so don't pull them up!
  • Grow tubular-shaped flowers for bees
    Tubular-shaped flowers such as foxgloves, honeysuckle, penstemons and snapdragons are an important source of food for long-tongued bees such as the garden bumblebee, Bombus hortorum.
  • Grow flowers all year round
    Most bees are most active from March to September, but some emerge from hibernation early in mild winters, while buff-tailed bumblebee queens will occasionally start nesting in autumn, rather than hibernating, establishing a 'winter colony'. Aim to have at least two nectar- or pollen-rich plants in flower during winter. Plants like winter honeysuckle and winter clematis are perfect for the job.
  • Spring flowers for bees
    • Bluebell
    • Bugle
    • Crab apple
    • Crocus
    • Flowering cherry and currant
    • Forget-me-not
    • Hawthorn
    • Primrose
    • Pulmonaria
    • Rhododendron is fine for bumble-bees, but toxic to honey-bees. Use Clematis as an alternative.
    'Mad Honey' from Rhododendron ponticum in its native northern Turkey is toxic to humans. The toxins of Rhododendron are grayanotoxins.
    Same lethal 'Mad Honey' problem from Azaleas, but this time with andromedotoxins. Use Digitalis as an alternative.
    Gardener's growing Rhododendrons or Azaleas are killing the local honey bee population.
    • Rosemary
  • Early-summer flowers for bees
    • Campanula
    • Comfrey
    • Delphinium
    • Foxglove
    • Hardy geranium
    • Honesty
    • Hollyhock
    • Potentilla
    • Snapdragon
    • Stachys
    • Teasel
    • Thyme
    • Verbascum
  • Late-summer flowers
    • Aster
    • Buddleja
    • Cardoon
    • Cornflower
    • Dahlia (single-flowered)
    • Eryngium
    • Globe thistle
    • Goldenrod
    • Heather
    • Ivy
    • Lavender
    • Penstemon
    • Scabious
    • Sedum
    • Verbena bonariensis

This group has been completed in the Index Gallery only


Table 10. British Floral Sources of importance to Honey Bees from
Plants and Honey Bees
An Introduction to Their Relationships
by David Aston and Sally Bucknall.
Printed by Northern Bee Books.
First published 2004, Reprinted 2009. ISBN 0-393-30879-0

Months in flower for nectar and pollen amended by Chris Garnons-Williams
with link to its first flower month index colour page

 


Precis of Table 10 with Plant Names split into their starting letter of the alphabet, then followed by
link to its first flower month index colour page
 

Letter of the Alphabet

Botanical Plant Name

Link

Botanical Plant Name

Link

Botanical Plant Name

Link

Botanical Plant Name

Link

Botanical Plant Name

Link

A

Alnus glutinosa

Brown

Anchusa species

Blue

Arabis species

White

Aubretia deltoidea

Unusual

Alcea rosea like Alcea rosea 'Nigra'

Unusual

 

Acer pseudo-platanus

Green

Armeria maritima

Pink

Anemone nemerosa
and its cultivars (Wood anemone, windflower, thimbleweed, smell fox)

Native in Buttercup Family

White

 

 

 

Aesculus hippo-castanum

White

Acer species like Acer campestre

Green

Aster species - Aster novi-belgii, Aster novae-angliae (Michael-mas Daisies including Aster amellus - Italian Starwort and other asters)

Unusual

Allium species like Allium unifolium

There are other Alliums in Allium/ Anemone Gallery and

Native Alliums in the
Lily Garlic Family.

Pink

 

B

Berberis

Unusual

Betula species

Brown

Borago officinalis

Blue

Brassica species

White

Brassica rapa

Yellow

 

Bryonia dioica
(White Bryony, Red Bryony)

Native in Melon (Gourd/Cucumber) Family

Deadly poisonous

White

 

 

 

 

C

Colchicum autumnale

Pink

Calluna vulgaris

Unusual

See Heather calluna Gallery

Cytisus scoparius

Yellow

Campanula

Blue

Ceanothus species

Blue

 

Crocus species
Crocus vernus and Crocus nudiflorus

Purple

Crataegus species like Crataegus monogyna

White

Corylus avellana

Yellow

Centaurea species like Centaurea nigra

Purple

 

 

Calluna vulgaris

See Heather calluna Gallery

Unusual
 

Castanea sativa

Yellow

Cirsium and Carduus species like Cirsium vulgare
(Spear Thistle, Bull thistle, Common Thistle, Carduus lanceolatus, Carduus vulgaris)

Native in
Daisy Thistle Family

Purple

Clematis vitalba
(Oldmans Beard, Travellers Joy, Herbe aux gueux, Beggar's Herb, Rascal's Herb)

Native in
Buttercup Family

Cream

Chamae-nerion angusti-folium
(Rosebay Willowherb, Epilobium angusti-folium, Fireweed, Bombweed, Chamerion angusti-folium)

Native in
Willow-Herb Family

Pink

D

Doronicum like Doronicum plantagineum

Yellow

 

 

 

 

E

Escallonia species like Escallonia macrantha

Red

Echium vulgare
(Viper's Bugloss, Blueweed)

Native in Borage Family

Blue

Erysimum species like
Cheiranthus cheiri
(Wallflower, Erysimum cheiri,
Fleur de Nostra-Dama, Flor de pasque, Gillflower, Goldlack, Saint Geourges, Saint Jean, Todrilal,
Wild Wallflower)

Native in Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 2 Family

Unusual

Eranthis hyemalis
(Winter Aconite)

From Bee pollinated flowers in winter Nov-Feb in Plants Folder

Native in
Buttercup Family

Yellow

Erica species like Erica cinerea
(Bell Heather)

Native in Heath Family

See Erica cinerea Index of cultivars with its other flower colours ranging from white through pink to red

Purple

F

Fagus sylvatica in Europe

Brown

Fraxinus excelsior

Purple

Foeniculum vulgare

Yellow

Fuchsia magellanica

Red

 

G

Geranium species are

Native in Geranium Family

Blue

Galanthus nivalis

White

 

 

 

H

Hyacinthoides non-scripta

Blue

Hieracleum species like Hieraclium spondylium

White

Hedera helix

Green

Helianth-emum species like
Helianthe-mum chamae-cistus
(Common Rock-Rose)

Native in
Rockrose Family

Yellow

Helianthus species like Helianthus annuus
(Sunflower, Common Sunflower)

Yellow

I

Impatiens balsamina, Impatiens bicolor.

Unusual

Ilex aquifolium

White

 

 

 

J

 

 

 

 

 

K

 

 

 

 

 

L

Lotus corniculatus

Yellow

Lobularia maritima

Unusual

Lamium species like Lamium purpureum

Mauve

Lavendular angustifolia

Purple

Ligustrum ovalifolium (Japanese Privet,
Korean Privet, California Privet,
Garden Privet, Oval-leafed Privet)

White

 

Lythrum salicaria

Native in
Loosestrife Family

Purple

Limonium species like Limonium vulgare
(Common Sea-Lavender)

Mauve

Linaria species like Linaria vulgaris
(Common Toadflax, Yellow Toadflax, Butter-and-eggs)

Native in Figwort - Mulleins Family

Yellow

 

 

M

Monarda fistulosa and Monarda didyma

Unusual

Malus pumila

Unusual

Malus sylvestris

Unusual

Myosotis species like Myosotis arvensis

Blue

Medicago sativa

Purple

 

Malva sylvestris

Purple

Mentha species like
Mentha aquatica
(Water Mint,
Mentha hirsuta)

Unusual

Melilotus officinalis
(Common Melilot, Melilotus arvensis, Ribbed Melilot, Yellow Melilot, Sweet Yellow Clover)

Native in Peaflower Family

Yellow

 

 

N

Nepeta cataria

Mauve

 

 

 

 

O

Origanum vulgare

Pink

 

 

 

 

P

Prunus dulcis

Pink

Prunus spinosa

White

Prunus avium

White

Prunus domestica

White

Polemonium caeruleum

Blue

 

Prunus domestica (Plum, Damson,
Egg Plums, Greengages,
Prunus insititia)

White

Papaver species like Papaver dubium
(Long-headed Poppy)

Red

Prunus laurocerasus
(Cherry Laurel,
Common Laurel,
English Laurel), Prunus lusitanica

White

Pyracantha coccinea
(Scarlet Firethorn,
Red Firethorn)

White

Parthen-ocissus quin-quefolia

Green

 

Prunus laurocerasus

White

Pyrus communis (European Pear)

Native in
Rose 3 Family

White

Phacelia tanacetifolia

Blue

Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain)

Unusual

 

Q

Quercus species like
Quercus robur
(Pedunculate Oak, English Oak Tree, Common Oak, European Oak)

Unusual

 

 

 

 

R

Rubus fruticosus

White

Ranunculus species like Ranunculus repens

Yellow

Ranunculus ficaria

Yellow

Ribes species

Unusual

Ribes uva-crispa

Unusual

 

Rubus idaeus

White

Robinia pseudoacacia (Black Locust, False Acacia)

White

Rosa canina
(Dog Rose,
Rosa coriifolia,
Rosa stylosa,
Rosa obtusifolia)

Native in
Rose 2 Family
and other Wildflower Rosa species in that Rose Family

Pink

 

 

S

Scrophularia species like Scrophularia nodosa

Green

Solidago species like Solidago virgaurea

Yellow

Spiraea ulmaria

Cream

Sinapis alba
(White Mustard, Brassica alba, Brassica hirta, Sinapis foliosa, Bonannaria officinalis) and
Brassica juncea (Brown Mustard)

Yellow

Senecio jacobaea
(Common Ragwort,
St. James' Wort, Jacobaea vulgaris)
 

Native in
Daisy Family

Yellow

 

Salvia officinalis
(Sage, Common Sage,
Garden Sage)

Unusual

Salix species like Salix pentranda
(Bay Willow, Bay-leaved Willow,
Laurel Willow)

Native in
Willow Family

Yellow

Scabiosa, Knautia and Succisa species with common name containing Scabious

See Field Scabious, Small Scabious and Devilsbit Scabious are

Native in Teasel Family

 

 

T

Taraxacum officinale
(Taraxum vulgare)
Grow with Clover and Alfalfa in Pots to help bees and birds

Yellow

Tilia species like Tilia vulgaris

Yellow

Trifolium pratense

Pink

Thymus species like Mentha rotundifolia
(Apple Mint, Mentha suaveolens, Round-leaved Mint)

Native in Thyme 1
Thyme 2 Family

White

Trifolium
repens

Native in Peaflower
Clover 3 Family

White

 

Teucrium scorodonia
(Wood-sage, Woodland Germander)

Native in Thyme 2 Family

Green

 

 

 

 

U

Ulex minor

Yellow

Ulmus species like Ulmus glabra

Unusual

Ulex europaeus

Yellow

 

 

V

Vaccinium myrtillus

White

Vicia faba

White

Verbascum species like
Verbascum thapsus
(Common Mullein,
Great Mullein, Greater Mullein)

Yellow

Veronica species like Veronica chamaedrys (Birdseye Speedwell, Germander Speedwell)

Native in Figwort - Speedwells Family

Blue

Vicia species like Vicia sativa
(Garden Vetch, Tare, Vetch, Common Vetch)

Native in Peaflower Vetches/Peas Family

Purple

 

Viola odorata
(Sweet Violet, Wood Violet, English Violet, Common Violet, Florist's Violet, Garden Violet)

Native in
Violet Family

Purple

 

 

 

 

W

 

 

 

 

 

X

 

 

 

 

 

Y

 

 

 

 

 

Z

 

 

 

 

 

Comment

Plant Name

Common Name

Feb-Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep-Oct

Pollen

Alnus glutinosa

Alder

Brown

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Prunus dulcis

Almond

Pink

000

 

 

 

 

 

Pollen

Lobularia maritima

Alyssum

 

 

 

Unus-ual

000

000

 

Nectar

Anchusa species

Anchusa

 

 

Blue

000

000

000

000

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Malus pumila

Apple

 

Unus-ual

000

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.

Arabis species

Arabis

White

000

000

 

 

 

 

Pollen

Fraxinus excelsior

Ash

Purp-le

000

000

000

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Aubretia deltoidea

Aubretia

Unus-ual

000

000

 

 

 

 

Pollen

Colchicum autumnale

Autumn Crocus

 

 

 

 

 

Pink

000

Honey and
Nectar

Impatiens balsamina, Impatiens bicolor.

Balsam

 

 

 

Unus-ual

000

000

000

Pollen source only in UK.

Beechwood Honey in New Zealand

Fagus sylvatica in Europe

Beech

 

Brown

000

 

 

 

 

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.

Major bee plant

Calluna vulgaris

See Heather calluna Gallery

Bell Heather

 

 

 

 

Unus-ual

000

000
and Nov

Barberry Honey and Nectar

Berberis

Berberis

Mar

Unus-ual

000

 

 

 

 

Nectar

Monarda fistulosa and Monarda didyma

Bergamot

 

 

 

Unus-ual

000

000

 

Nectar.
Bilberry Mining Bee collects its pollen

Vaccinium myrtillus

Billberry

 

White

000

000

 

 

 

Pollen
Can smother other plants, so do not plant in your garden

Calystegia sepium and Convolvulus arvensis

Bindweed

 

 

 

000

 

 

 

Pollen.
It is wind pollinated

Betula species

Birch

Mar

Brown

000

 

 

 

 

Comment

Plant Name

Common Name

Feb-Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep-Oct

Single-flowered wild plant for its Nectar

Lotus corniculatus

Bird's-foot-trefoil

 

 

Yell-ow

000

000

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Rubus fruticosus

Blackberry

 

 

 

White

000

000

000

Nectar and Pollen

Prunus spinosa

Blackthorn

 

White

000

 

 

 

 

Nectar

Hyacinthoides non-scripta

Bluebell

 

Blue

000

000

 

 

 

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Borago officinalis

Borage

 

 

 

Blue

000

000

000

Honey, Nectar and Pollen

Brassica species

Brassicas

 

 

 

White

000

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen

Cytisus scoparius

Broom

 

Yell-ow

000

000

 

 

 

Pollen may be harmful to bees. Poisonous to horses, cattle and other livestock eating it

Ranunculus species like Ranunculus repens

Buttercup

 

 

 

Yell-ow

000

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen.

Campanula

Campanula

 

 

Blue

000

000

000

 

Nectar.

Nepeta cataria

Cat-mint

 

 

Mauve

000

000

000

Nov

Pollen in UK. Nectar and Pollen in USA.

Ceanothus species

Ceanothus

 

Blue

000

 

 

 

 

Pollen

Ranunculus ficaria

Lesser Celandine

Mar

Yell-ow

000

 

 

 

 

Honey, Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Prunus avium

Wild Cherry

 

White

000

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen. Also used by Bumble Bees

Malus sylvestris

Crab apple

Mar

Unus-ual

000

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Geranium species in Geranium Family

Crane's-bill but not Pelargon-iums - bedding plants

 

 

 

Blue

000

000

000

Pollen

Crocus species
Crocus vernus and Crocus nudiflorus

Crocus

Purp-le

000

 

 

 

 

000

Honey, Nectar and Pollen

Ribes species

Currants

 

Unus-ual

000

 

 

 

 

Honey and Nectar.
Major bee plant.

Prunus domestica

Damson

 

White

 

 

 

 

 

Honey, Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Taraxacum officinale
(Taraxum vulgare)
Grow with Clover and Alfalfa in Pots to help bees and birds

Dandelion

 

 

Yell-ow

000

000

000

000

Comment

Plant Name

Common Name

Feb-Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep-Oct

Nectar and Pollen.
White dead-nettle
(Lamium album) regularly flowers thoughout winter months.

Lamium species like Lamium purpureum

Dead-nettle

Mar

Mauve

000

000

000

000

000

Nectar and Pollen.

Doronicum like Doronicum plantagineum

Leopard's Bane

 

 

Yell-ow

000

 

 

 

Pollen

Ulex minor

Dwarf Gorse

 

 

 

 

Yell-ow

000

Sep

Pollen

Ulmus species like Ulmus glabra

Elm

Unus-ual

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.

Escallonia species like Escallonia macrantha

Escallonia

 

 

 

Red

000

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Foeniculum vulgare

Fennel

 

 

 

 

Yell-ow

000

 

Honey, Nectar and Pollen. Major bee plant.

Vicia faba

Field bean, Broad Bean, French Bean, Kidney Bean and Runner Bean in the UK

 

 

White

000

000

000

 

Nectar

Scrophularia species like Scrophularia nodosa

Figwort

 

 

 

Green

000

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen.

Myosotis species like Myosotis arvensis

Forget-me-not

 

Blue

000

000

000

000

000

Nectar.
Honey in USA

Fuchsia magellanica

Fuschia

 

 

 

 

 

Red

000

Nectar and Pollen

Solidago species like Solidago virgaurea

Golden rod

 

 

 

 

Yell-ow

000

000

Nectar

Ribes uva-crispa

Gooseberry

 

Unus-ual

000

 

 

 

 

Pollen

Ulex europaeus

Gorse

Jan-Mar

Yell-ow

000

000

000

000

Sep-Dec

Honey, Nectar and Pollen. Major bee plant.

Crataegus species like Crataegus monogyna

Hawthorn

 

 

White

000

 

 

 

Pollen

Corylus avellana

Hazel

Yell-ow

000

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Hieracleum species like Hieraclium spondylium

Hogweed

 

 

 

White

000

000

000

Nectar. Periodical clipping of holly hedges prevents flowering. Clip in July instead

Ilex aquifolium

Holly

 

 

White

000

000

000

 

Nectar. Pollen is in high demand this late in the season

Alcea rosea like Alcea rosea 'Nigra'

Hollyhock

 

 

 

 

Unus-ual

000

Sep

Comment

Plant Name

Common Name

Feb-Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep-Oct

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen. This is one of the plants poisonous to horses.

Aesculus hippo-castanum

Horse-chestnut

 

White

000

 

 

 

 

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen
Major bee plant.
Ivy can produce a useful supply of nectar from October until the first frosts.

Hedera helix

Ivy

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sep-Nov

Green

Nectar and Pollen

Polemonium caeruleum

Jacob's-ladder

 

 

 

Blue

000

 

 

Honey and
Nectar

Centaurea species like Centaurea nigra

Knapweed

 

 

 

Purp-le

000

000

Sep

Nectar.
Also used by Bumblebees

Prunus laurocerasus

Laurel

 

 

White

000

 

 

 

Honey and Nectar.
Also used by Bumblebees

Lavendular angustifolia

Lavender

 

 

 

 

Purp-le

000

Sep

Honey and Nectar.
Also used by Bumblebees
Major bee plant.

Tilia species like Tilia vulgaris

Lime (Linden tree)

 

 

 

 

Yell-ow

 

 

Honey, Nectar and Pollen. Major bee plant.

Calluna vulgaris

See Heather calluna Gallery

Ling Heather

 

 

 

 

Unus-ual

000

Sep-Nov

Nectar

Medicago sativa

Lucerne, Alfalfa

 

 

 

Purp-le

000

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.
Also used by Bumblebees

Malva sylvestris

Mallow

 

 

 

Purp-le

000

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.
Also used by Bumblebees

Acer species like Acer campestre

Maple

 

 

Green

000

 

 

 

Nectar is also collected from O. marjoranae and O. onites

Origanum vulgare

Marjoram

 

 

 

 

Pink

000

Sep

Pollen

Spiraea ulmaria

Meadow-sweet

 

 

 

Cream

000

000

Sep

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen

Aster species - Aster novi-belgii, Aster novae-angliae (Michael-mas Daisies including Aster amellus - Italian Starwort and other asters)

Michael-mas daisy

 

 

 

 

 

 

Unus-ual

Nectar.
Fields of mint are harvested before they flower.

Mentha species like
Mentha aquatica
(Water Mint,
Mentha hirsuta)

Mint

 

 

 

Unus-ual

000

000

Sep

Pollen

Verbascum species like
Verbascum thapsus
(Common Mullein,
Great Mullein, Greater Mullein)

Mullein

 

 

 

Yell-ow

000

000

 

Comment

Plant Name

Common Name

Feb-Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep-Oct

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen

Sinapis alba
(White Mustard, Brassica alba, Brassica hirta, Sinapis foliosa, Bonannaria officinalis) and
Brassica juncea (Brown Mustard)

Mustard

 

 

Yell-ow

000

000

000

 

Pollen

Quercus species like
Quercus robur
(Pedunculate Oak, English Oak Tree, Common Oak, European Oak)

Oak

 

Unus-ual

000

000

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Brassica napus and
Brassica rapa

Oil-seed rape autumn sown

 

000

000

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Brassica napus and
Brassica rapa

Oil-seed rape spring sown

 

 

 

000

000

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Brassica rapa

Barge-man's Cabbage

 

 

Yell-ow

000

000

000

 

Nectar

Allium species like Allium unifolium

There are other Alliums in Allium/ Anemone Gallery and native Alliums in the
Lily Garlic Family.

Onion

 

 

Pink

000

000

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Pyrus communis (European Pear)
Native in
Rose 3 Family

Pear

 

White

000

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen
Major bee plant.

Phacelia tanacetifolia

Phacelia

 

 

Blue

000

000

000

000

Pollen

Plantago lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain)

Plantain in Plantain Family

 

Unus-ual

000

000

000

000

000

Honey,
Nectar and
Pollen
Major bee plant.

Prunus domestica (Plum, Damson,
Egg Plums, Greengages,
Prunus insititia)

Plum

 

White

 

 

 

 

 

Pollen

Papaver species like Papaver dubium
(Long-headed Poppy)

Poppy

 

 

 

Red

000

000

 

Nectar from neglected privet hedges

Ligustrum ovalifolium (Japanese Privet,
Korean Privet, California Privet,
Garden Privet, Oval-leafed Privet)

Privet

 

 

 

 

White

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Prunus laurocerasus
(Cherry Laurel,
Common Laurel,
English Laurel), Prunus lusitanica

Prunus

 

 

White

000

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen
Highly invasive

Lythrum salicaria
Native in
Loosestrife Family

Purple-loosestrife

 

 

 

Purp-le

000

000

 

Nectar and Pollen

Pyracantha coccinea
(Scarlet Firethorn,
Red Firethorn)

Firethorn

 

 

White

000

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.
Toxic to grazing animals and humans. Do not grow.

Senecio jacobaea
(Common Ragwort,
St. James' Wort, Jacobaea vulgaris)
Native in
Daisy Family

Ragwort

 

 

 

Yell-ow

000

000

000

Comment

Plant Name

Common Name

Feb-Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep-Oct

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Rubus idaeus

Raspberry

 

 

 

White

000

000

 

Nectar and Pollen
Major bee plant.

Trifolium pratense

Red clover

 

 

Pink

000

000

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen.
Also used by Bumblebees

Robinia pseudoacacia (Black Locust, False Acacia)

False Acacia

 

 

White

000

000

 

 

Pollen

Helianth-emum species like
Helianthe-mum chamae-cistus
(Common Rock-Rose)
Native in
Rockrose Family

Rock-rose

 

 

Yell-ow

000

000

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen

Salvia officinalis
(Sage, Common Sage,
Garden Sage)

Sage

 

 

Unus-ual

000

000

000

 

Nectar

Scabiosa, Knautia and Succisa species with common name containing Scabious

See Field Scabious, Small Scabious and Devilsbit Scabious in Teasel Family

 

 

 

000
Purple flo-wers

000

000

 

In coastal regions sea lavender will yield good nectar producing a light coloured honey.

Limonium species like Limonium vulgare
(Common Sea-Lavender)

Sea-lavender

 

 

 

 

Mauve

000

 

Pollen is collected from the Wild-flower but not from the double flowers of the garden varieties.

Galanthus nivalis

Snowdrop

White

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Helianthus species like Helianthus annuus
(Sunflower, Common Sunflower)

Sunflower

 

 

 

 

Yell-ow

000

000

Pollen

Castanea sativa

Sweet Chestnut

 

 

 

 

Yell-ow

 

 

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Acer pseudo-platanus

Sycamore

 

Green

000

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Cirsium and Carduus species like Cirsium vulgare
(Spear Thistle, Bull thistle, Common Thistle, Carduus lanceolatus, Carduus vulgaris)

Native in
Daisy Thistle Family

Thistle

 

 

 

 

Purp-le

000

000

Nectar and Pollen

Armeria maritima

Thrift

 

Pink

000

000

000

000

000

Nectar
Should be in every garden.

Thymus species like Mentha rotundifolia
(Apple Mint, Mentha suaveolens, Round-leaved Mint)

Native in Thyme 1
Thyme 2 Family

Thyme

 

 

 

 

White

000

 

Nectar

Linaria species like Linaria vulgaris
(Common Toadflax, Yellow Toadflax, Butter-and-eggs)

Native in Figwort - Mulleins Family

Toadflax

 

 

 

 

Yell-ow

000

000

Comment

Plant Name

Common Name

Feb-Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep-Oct

Pollen

Clematis vitalba
(Oldmans Beard, Travellers Joy, Herbe aux gueux, Beggar's Herb, Rascal's Herb)

Native in
Buttercup Family

Traveller's joy

 

 

 

 

Cream

000

Sep

Nectar and pollen.
Should be in every garden.

Veronica species like Veronica chamaedrys (Birdseye Speedwell, Germander Speedwell)

Native in Figwort - Speedwells Family

Veronica

 

Blue

000

000

000

 

 

Pollen

Vicia species like Vicia sativa
(Garden Vetch, Tare, Vetch, Common Vetch)

Native in Peaflower Vetches/Peas Family

Vetch

 

 

 

Purp-le

000

000

Sep

Nectar

Viola odorata
(Sweet Violet, Wood Violet, English Violet, Common Violet, Florist's Violet, Garden Violet)

Native in
Violet Family

Violet

Mar

Purp-le

000

 

 

 

 

Nectar

It's the number one bee plant.

Echium vulgare
(Viper's Bugloss, Blueweed)

Native in Borage Family

Viper's bugloss

 

 

 

Blue

000

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen

Parthen-ocissus quin-quefolia

Virginia creeper

 

 

Green

000

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Erysimum species like
Cheiranthus cheiri
(Wallflower, Erysimum cheiri,
Fleur de Nostra-Dama, Flor de pasque, Gillflower, Goldlack, Saint Geourges, Saint Jean, Todrilal,
Wild Wallflower)

Native in Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 2 Family

Wallflower

Mar

Unus-ual

000

000

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Bryonia dioica
(White Bryony, Red Bryony)

Native in Melon (Gourd/Cucumber) Family

Deadly poisonous

White bryony

 

 

White

000

000

000

Sep

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant.

Trifolium
repens

Native in Peaflower
Clover 3 Family

White clover

 

 

 

White

000

000

Sep

Pollen

Rosa canina
(Dog Rose,
Rosa coriifolia,
Rosa stylosa,
Rosa obtusifolia)

Native in
Rose 2 Family
and other Wildflower Rosa species in that Rose Family

Wild rose

 

 

 

Pink

000

 

 

Honey,
Nectar and Pollen

Salix species like Salix pentranda
(Bay Willow, Bay-leaved Willow,
Laurel Willow)

Native in
Willow Family

Willow

 

 

Yell-ow

000

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen.
Major bee plant. Popular with Bumblebees

Chamae-nerion angusti-folium
(Rosebay Willowherb, Epilobium angusti-folium, Fireweed, Bombweed, Chamerion angusti-folium)

Native in
Willow-Herb Family

Rosebay Will-owherb

 

 

 

Pink

000

000

Sep

Nectar and Pollen and visited by Bumble Bee

Eranthis hyemalis
(Winter Aconite)

From Bee pollinated flowers in winter Nov-Feb in Plants Folder

Native in
Buttercup Family

Winter aconite

Jan-Mar

Yell-ow

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Erica species like Erica cinerea
(Bell Heather)

Native in Heath Family

See Erica cinerea Index of cultivars with its other flower colours ranging from white through pink to red

Winter heaths

 

 

 

Purp-le

000

 

 

Pollen

Anemone nemerosa
and its cultivars (Wood anemone, windflower, thimbleweed, smell fox)

Native in Buttercup Family

Wood anemone

Mar

White

000

 

 

 

 

Nectar and Pollen

Teucrium scorodonia
(Wood-sage, Woodland Germander)

Native in Thyme 2 Family

Wood sage

 

 

 

 

Green

000

Sep

Nectar

Sweet clover is a major source of nectar for domestic honey bees as hives near sweet clover can yield up to 200 pounds of honey in a year.

Melilotus officinalis
(Common Melilot, Melilotus arvensis, Ribbed Melilot, Yellow Melilot, Sweet Yellow Clover)

Native in Peaflower Family

Yellow melilot

 

 

 

Yell-ow

000

000

Sep

Comment

Plant Name

Common Name

Feb-Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep-Oct

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash strapped Councils could save money and help bees and pollinators by planting CLOVER as

  • 1) clover lawn areas, instead of grass, around public buildings,
  • 2) create clover, instead of grass, roundabouts,
  • 3) clover strips instead of grassy verges,
  • 4) include within formal planting schemes to provide free fertiliser for the adjacent lavender or other plants
  • 5) seed clover mixed with buttercup and bird's foot trefoil to grow on brownfield sites such as among the ruins of the old industrial buildings. Instead of applying weedkiller with the aim of 'tidying up', these can then be left alone by councils.

for the following benefits:-

A) Reduce mowing costs,
B) Suitable for areas where taller grasses would otherwise impede visibilty for traffic,
C) Low risk of 'litter trapping',
D) Help councils achieve aims to create pollinator habitats,
E) Relatively hard wearing and drought resistant varieties available,
F) Thrives in poor soil, and nitrogen fixing - so would as a legume provide free food for trees and shrubs planted in same area and
G) Attractive and fragrant.
 
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