Ivydene Gardens Stage 2 - Infill Plants Index Gallery: |
Ivydene Gardens Stage 2 - Infill Plants Index Gallery: |
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Botanical Plant Name with link to |
Flower Colour Sun Aspect of Full Sun, with link to external website for photo/data |
Flowering Months with link to |
Height with Spacings or Width (W) in inches (cms) 1 inch = |
Foliage Colour followed by with link to Australia or New Zealand mail-order supplier
with data for rows in |
Plant Type is:-
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Comments |
Adjacent Planting |
Plant Associations It is sad to reflect that in England so few gardens open to the public label their plants or label them so that the label is visible when that plant is in flower, so that visitors can identify; and then later locate and purchase that plant. Few mail-order nurseries provide the detail as shown in my rose or heather galleries. If you want to sell a product, it is best to display it. When I sold my Transit van, I removed its signage, cleaned it and took photos of the inside and outside before putting them onto an advert in Autotrader amongst more than 2000 other Transit vans - it was sold in 20 minutes. If mail-order nurseries could put photos to the same complexity from start of the year to its end with the different foliage colours and stages of flowering on Wikimedia Commons, then the world could view the plant before buying it, and idiots like me would have valid material to work with. I have been in the trade (until ill health forced my Sole Trader retirement in 2013) working in designing, constructing and maintaining private gardens for decades and since 2005 when this site was started, I have asked any nursery in the world to supply photos. R.V. Roger in Yorkshire allowed me to use his photos from his website in 2007 and when I got a camera to spend 5 days in July 2014 at my expense taking photos of his roses growing in his nursery field, whilst his staff was propagating them. I gave him a copy of those photos. |
Good annual plant pairings from Better Homes and Gardens:- |
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Petunia 'Storm Blue' |
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Blooms about 10 weeks from seeding for paks or 13 weeks for hanging baskets or pots. Similar cold-wet weather tolerances as Dreams. Large, 4 in/10 cm blooms flower continuously. Pelleted Seed. Pkt contain 100 seeds. |
Petunia x hybrida. By Jerzy Opioła, via Wikimedia Commons |
The deep, velvety tones of 'Storm Blue' petunia mix beautifully with the clean white flowers of 'Maverick White' geranium. This easy-to-grow combination creates a bold contrast that will enliven any garden bed or container. |
Pelargonium x hortorum 'Maverick White' (Geranium) |
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Excellent garden performers with 4 to 5-in. (10 to 13-cm) flower heads. 13 to 14 weeks. |
This plant is called "Garden geranium" in English. Scientific name is "Pelargonium x hortorum". It's called "Pelargon" in Swedish. Categories: Flower, annual, ornamental potted-plant. Image taken by Martin Olsson, 6th of June 2005 (mnemo on wikipedia and commons, martin@minimum.se). |
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Angelonia 'Angelmist Purple' |
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Blooms all season; heat and drought tolerant plants; grape-scented foliage; low maintenance. Use in combinations, window boxes and landscapes |
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One of our favorite annuals is angelonia. It seems like this tough plant can take just about any sort of weather. And the deep blue flowers of 'Angelmist Purple' make an ideal contrast for the bright 'Profusion Orange' zinnia blooms. |
Zinnia 'Profusion Orange' Supplier |
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'Profusion Orange' is an upright annual with lance-shaped leaves and long-stemmed bright orange, daisy-like flower heads with darker centres, opening over a long period in summer |
Zinnia elegans: flowers orange and fuchsia. By Stefdn, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Zinnia 'Profusion Orange' |
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These bushy plants, 12 inches high and 15 inches wide, are simply smothered nonstop all season with cheerful, 2-inch daisy-formed blooms of vivid orange. Ideal for mass plantings or containers! Zinnias are one of the easiest annuals to grow, and attract butterflies to the garden. They are the perfect cut flower--the more you cut, the more you get! They thrive in the sun and heat of summer, and ask only for well-drained soil. Space the plants generously to prevent overcrowding. When cutting the blooms for the vase, trim off all the foliage; unlike the blooms, it does not age well! |
Zinnia elegans: flowers orange and fuchsia. By Stefdn, via Wikimedia Commons |
Orange Profusion' zinnias are strong-growing, reliable plants. Their low habit and bright orange color make them a first-rate partner for blue and purple flowers, such as this 'Forever Blue' lisianthus. |
Lisianthus 'Forever Blue' |
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Forever Blue Lisianthus features showy lilac purple cup-shaped flowers at the ends of the stems from early to late summer. The flowers are excellent for cutting. It's pointy leaves remain green in color throughout the season. Forever Blue Lisianthus is an herbaceous annual bedding plant with an upright spreading habit of growth. Forever Blue Lisianthus is recommended for the following landscape applications:-
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Eustoma exaltatum ssp. russellianum. Courtesy of USDA NRCS Texas State Office. By Clarence A. Rechenthin via Wikimedia Commons |
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Zinnia 'Profusion Orange' Supplier |
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'Profusion Orange' is an upright annual with lance-shaped leaves and long-stemmed bright orange, daisy-like flower heads with darker centres, opening over a long period in summer |
Zinnia elegans: flowers orange and fuchsia. By Stefdn, via Wikimedia Commons |
You don't have to rely on flowers for stunning annual combinations. Here, 'Profusion Orange' zinnias and geranium 'Occold Shield' look great -- even without the geranium's double coral blooms. |
Geranium 'Occold Shield' |
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Lovely orange-red flowers and bronzy foliage. A golden leaf zonal pelargonium. Geraniums require frost protection! |
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Ageratum 'Blue Horizon' |
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Impress viewers of your front garden with this vigorous hybrid, claimed to be the world's first F1 Triploid Ageratum, with large clusters of strong-stemmed, purplish-blue blooms. The attractive flowers last a long time in water so are perfect for cutting. 2½ft (75cm) |
Species: Ageratum houstonianum Family: Compositae Image No. 2. By Kurt Stübert, via Wikimedia Commons |
While using bold colors can create a knock-your-socks-off look, don't forget about texture. Here, the fuzzy blooms of 'Blue Horizon' ageratum offer an intriguing contrast to a flowering maple's orange hibiscus-shaped blossoms. |
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In fact, flowering maples (Abutilon and other species) are tender shrubs that are used as annuals. The plant’s showy flowers are similar to hibiscus blooms, and they come in shades of white, yellow, orange, pink or red. (The big difference between hibiscus and many flowering maples, however, is that flowering maples have down-facing flowers that never fully open.) |
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It stays covered with small yellow, daisy-like flowers, about an inch in diameter, from an early age. |
Melampodium is a top-notch mounding plant with loads of yellow flowers. Its mounding form brings to life the spiky shape of 'Victoria' blue salvia and creates lots of bold interest. The two are accented with the white blooms of a shrub rose. |
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Vigorous border plants producing dense spikes of violet-blue flowers in summer. RHS Award of Garden Merit winner. HHA - Half hardy annual. Height 60cm (2'). Weather-resistant and reliable, distinct in flower and habit from the normal scarlet types and excellent in drifts in borders or for use as a 'dot' plant in large beds. Sow January-March for flowers June-September. |
Salvia farinacea. By Rob Hille via Wikimedia Commons |
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Gazania 'Talent Yellow' |
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Silvery white foliage compact and early flowering. 20cm. Dazzling golden yellow daisy-like flowers over silver foliage. |
Yellow flower of Gazania rigens. By Alvesgaspar, via Wikimedia Commons |
Create Cheer with Yellow Flowers Yellow is an invigorating color and can be used with great effect in the garden. Its boldness catches the eye -- and it feels happy. This picture-perfect pairing features 'Talent Yellow' gazania, Dahlberg daisy, and white sweet alyssum. |
Dahlberg Daisy - Golden Fleece |
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The Dahlberg Daisy is a lesser known flowering plant that is perfect for both garden beds, hanging baskets and planting containers alike. It requires very little maintenance--can even go days without being checked on. The foliage is lush and fern-like with tiny, bright yellow daisy blooms. This plant will brighten every morning is planted in a window box. Deer and disease resistant, and Drought and heat tolerant. |
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Lobularia maritima 'Snowdrift' Supplier |
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Lobularia can be annuals or perennials, of low spreading habit, with simple leaves and short terminal racemes of 4-petalled, fragrant flowers in summer. |
Sweet alyssum. By Luis nunes alberto, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Supplier |
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Vigorous border plants producing dense spikes of violet-blue flowers in summer. RHS Award of Garden Merit winner. HHA - Half hardy annual. Height 60cm (2'). Weather-resistant and reliable, distinct in flower and habit from the normal scarlet types and excellent in drifts in borders or for use as a 'dot' plant in large beds. Sow January-March for flowers June-September. |
Salvia farinacea. By Rob Hille via Wikimedia Commons |
Layers of color and texture create loads of interest in the garden. Plant varieties that reach different heights to bring drama to your beds, borders, and containers. Here, 'Victoria' blue salvia rises above mounds of creamy-white 'Perfume Antique Lime' nicotiana and 'Lemon Gem' marigolds. |
Nicotiana alata 'Perfume Antique Lime' (Tobacco Plant) |
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An attractive verdigris colour with a lovely scent. 24-36 inches (60-90 cms). Nicotiana grows best in full sun but will tolerate light shade, it is easy to start from seed and flowers in about 10 weeks. Nicotiana needs to sown thinly, and the seeds are tiny, so it helps to mix a teaspoon of fine dry sand with the seed before sowing it. This will help to prevent overcrowding of the seedlings after germination. |
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Marigold 'Lemon Gem' (Tagetes tenuifolia) |
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An extremely neat version of this popular half hardy annual, making it ideal as an edging to pathway or lawn. It grows well even in an adverse summer with the mounded plants smothered in blooms from the end of June onwards. Flowers early summer to first frosts. Height 23cm (9in). Culinary note: The citrus tasting flowers have many uses, try them in salads, sandwiches or seafood dishes too. |
Tegetes tenuifolia. By Kurt Stüber, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Antirrhinum 'Liberty Classic Crimson' |
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Antirrhinum 'Crimson' has tall, velvety, rich flowers in a voluptuous deep crimson. This has remained one of our bestsellers. Snapdragons are invaluable plants for their full flower spikes, which last well over a week in water. We sell the elegant, single-colour, tall florist's varieties, which are now very difficult to find. These varieties have also all been bred for good rust resistance. |
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Here's another example of how you can use layers for a bold look. The rich-red 'Liberty' snapdragon blooms rise above the lower 'Fantasy Pink' petunias. Silvery licorice plant is a soothing foil that blends the two together. |
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1996 AAS Bedding Plant Award Winner This petunia begins a new class,milliflora. It is a smaller plant and flower size, needing no pinching or pruning during the summer. Recommended for patio containers, annual borders, anywhere petunias can be grown and rock gardens too, due to its diminutive size. |
Petunia x hybrida. By Jerzy Opioła, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Helichrysum 'Silver Mist' (Licorice plant) |
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The finely textured silver foliage and silver stems make Dicholdra Silver Mist a beautiful accent plant for mixed containers. The full, mounded and spreading plants branch naturally making Silver Mist a very easy plant to grow. The silver coloured foliage intensifies with more light; under lower light, such as early Spring in the greenhouse, the foliage appears more green. Height: 15cm, Spread: 45-60cm |
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Salvia splendens 'Red Hot Sally' |
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Red Hot Sally Salvia features beautiful spikes of crimson flowers rising above the foliage from early summer to mid fall, which are most effective when planted in groupings. The flowers are excellent for cutting. It's fragrant narrow leaves remain green in color throughout the season. |
Salvia splendens-changbai.JPG. By Shizhao2005年8月拍摄于长白山 via Wikimedia Commons |
This great combination offers a little of everything. Tall 'Red Hot Sally' salvia creates a bold layer of color and texture over the variegated leaves of 'Vancouver Centennial' geranium. It's topped off by a splash of color from fragrant 'Marine' heliotrope |
Geranium 'Vancouver Centennial' |
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Vancouver Centennial is a variety we rave about! Single brick red flowers on bronze and gold foliage. There's nothing like it. If you've grown this variety then you'll know what we mean! Height: 20cm (8"). Spread: 6cm (15"). Ideal For: patio Flowering Period: May, June, July, August, September, October Position: sun or semi shade |
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Heliotrope 'Marine' |
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Dense clusters of violet-purple flowers over rich green foliage. Flowers July-September. Height 38cm (15"). Drought and heat tolerant and if you have a deer problem ring your garden with them - deer are said to hate them! |
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Larkspur 'Gentian Blue' (Delphinium grandiflorum, Delphinium chinense, Siberian Larkspur) Supplier |
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A clear, fresh Gentian blue which is perfect for bedding, borders and containers. This impressive annual Delphinium, also known as Siberian Larkspur, boasts a stunning colour which is breathtaking and essential for any garden. Ideal For: patio, cottage gardens Flowering Period: June, July, August Sowing Months: April, May, September, October Position: full sun |
Delphinium elatum, Ranunculaceae, Candle Larkspur, inflorescence; Botanical Garden KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany. By H. Zell, via Wikimedia Commons |
Many annuals wind down as temperatures heat up. Offer early season appeal in your garden with the bright blue blooms of larkspur and 'Golden Rocket' snapdragon. If they fade when it gets hot, dig them out and replace them with heat-tolerant varieties such as purple angelonia and yellow celosia. |
Antirrhinum majus 'Rocket Golden' |
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2 1/2- to 3-foot plants are densely packed with thick bloomspikes. The Best Tall Snap for Home Gardens! Long Golden Plumes on Heat-Tolerant Plants! |
Antirrhinum majus. By I, KENPEI, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Angelonia 'Serenita Purple' Supplier |
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Serena® is a bit shorter than other Angelonias, but that's all to the good. The 10- to 12-inch stems (much taller in the South -- up to 18 inches) sport long rows of splendid 3/4-inch blooms that open gradually over several weeks, giving you bright color all summer. And this is a well-branched plant 12 to 14 inches wide, with more flowering stems than you'd expect and such an easy-care nature! This mix of all the lovely Serena® colors contains blue, purple, lavender, lavender pink, and white shades -- for unbelievably brilliant blooms! Use Serena® as you would Salvia in the hot, dry garden. It doesn't need to be deadheaded after bloom -- fresh flowering stems simply arise to replace the old ones! -- and it attracts bees. Although it's quite drought tolerant, it also fares well in moist soils. And at just a foot high, it's ideal for containers! |
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Celosia 'Sylphid' Supplier |
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Green-yellow feathery plumes sit on tall straight stems. Also known as cockscomb, Prince of Wales feather, and prince feather. Ht. 30-40". Avg. 38,300 seeds/oz. Packet: 25 seeds. |
Celosia argentea var. cristata, BG Bochum. By Frank Vincentz, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Argyranthemum frutescens 'Cobsing' (Comet Pink) |
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Comet Pink Marguerite is an evergreen subshrub native to the Canary Islands that is often grown as a tender perennial. From late spring until fall (or year-round in milder climates), 'Comet Pink' produces numerous pink, yellow-centered daisy-flowers on tall stems against a backdrop of lacy, silvery leaves. Flowering decreases in hot weather. Regular light pruning will promote compact growth and increased flowering, and provide cuttings for propagation. This easy to grow plant prefers sun and well-drained, moderately fertile soil, and a loose winter mulch in areas where it's marginally hardy. It works well in containers, as a bedding plant, or in perennial borders. It is tolerant of both wind and salt spray. |
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Use Bold Color for Cool Temperatures Pretty 'Comet Pink' Marguerite daisy creates a low mound of color in spring and fall. Accent it with tall red, pink, or white snapdragons for an amazing combination. Marguerite daisy usually takes a break during the hottest summer weather so plant a mounding petunia with it to keep the color going. |
Antirrhinum majus (Snapdragon) |
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Night and Day Snapdragon (Red and White Flowers - Brassy Scarlet-and-White Bicolor -- A Descendant of the Renowned Black Prince!). Antirrhinum majus 'Bells Pink' - 'Bells Pink' is an early-flowering dwarf snapdragon to 30cm tall, with erect racemes of mid-pink, open, almost bell-shaped flowers. Antirrhinum majus 'Admiral White' - An elegant and easy to grow snapdragon that produces showy spires of fragrant, pure white flowers throughout summer. The flowers are excellent for cutting and look luminous when drifted through a sunny, well-drained border. Traditionally a cottage garden favourite, they will however look superb in most settings. |
Antirrhinum majus. By I, KENPEI, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Mounding Petunia |
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Surfinia® is a brand name for a series of trailing Petunias all produced from cuttings. Surfinia mounding types are all vigorous with strong branching and an upright non trailing habit |
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Lobelia erinus 'Riviera Midnight' |
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This extra early-flowering, mounded series is the market leader – plants bloom about 15 days earlier than standard varieties. Growers benefit from the reduced bench time, while retailers see an extended selling season. Vigorous Riviera flowers profusely in an extensive range of colours. Ball-shaped plants stay compact and mounded, making them perfect for beds, borders, containers and colour bowls. Riviera is an excellent pack performer that grows to 5 in. (13 cm) in the garden. |
Lobelia erinus, Campanulaceae, Edging Lobelia, Garden Lobelia, Trailing Lobelia, flower. The whole, fresh plant collected at bloom is used in homeopathy as remedy: Lobelia erinus (Lob-e.). By H. Zell, via Wikimedia Commons |
Celebrate Spring with Soft Colors What could be prettier than this combination of 'Riviera Midnight' lobelia, 'Yellow Frost' viola, and white sweet alyssum? These beauties are the perfect way to start the gardening season. |
Viola Sorbet 'Yellow Frost' |
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This hybrid series is more tolerant of summer heat and winter cold than the annual pansy types. Excellent for massing, edging, rock gardens, and in containers. Nice for combining with spring flowering bulbs. Trim plants back by half in early June. This variety has little flowers in a pleasing yellow and blue combination. Nice compact habit. Sometimes these will flower all winter in climates with mild weather. All pansies and violas have edible flowers! |
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Lobularia maritima 'Snowdrift' Supplier |
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Lobularia can be annuals or perennials, of low spreading habit, with simple leaves and short terminal racemes of 4-petalled, fragrant flowers in summer. |
Sweet alyssum. By Luis nunes alberto, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Begonia 'Dragon Wing' |
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Exotic Dragon Wing Begonias boast loose clusters of Red or Pink bell-like blooms. Glossy, dark green, wing-shaped leaves frame the flowers. These large, bold plants tolerate heat and thrive in partial to full shade or filtered sun. Dragon Wing is easy to grow and virtually carefree – just plant and stand back! |
Begonia x semperflorens. Found in Rīga town, Latvia. By AfroBrazilian, via Wikimedia Commons |
Brilliant red 'Dragon Wing' begonias are the perfect backdrop for creeping 'Summer Wave Blue' wishbone flowers. Both of these shade-loving plants flower profusely and grow great in beds, borders, and containers. |
Torenia 'Summer Blue Wave' |
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Amethyst-colored flowers all season; excellent heat tolerance; loves the shade; low maintenance |
• 日本語: トレニア、ナツスミレ Place:Osaka-fu Japan. By I, KENPEI, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Caladium 'White Christmas' |
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White Christmas is a very distinctive white and green caladium - the leaves are white with dark green mid-veins. White Christmas will brighten your garden with a display that will remind you of that Christmas day snow. |
Caladium 'White Cap' Leaf. The species was identified by tag at Longwood Gardens. By Derek Ramsey (Ram-Man) via Wikimedia Commons |
You can't go wrong with an all-white combination. Here, shimmering 'White Christmas' caladiums provide big-leaf texture to the combination of 'Prelude White' begonia and white polka-dot plant. |
Begonia 'Prelude White' |
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Our Begonia Prelude White Flower Seedlings will produce masses of dainty white flowers with yellow throats, against the lush green foliage. Great for beds, borders, hanging baskets and patio pots in a sunny or partially shaded position. Our flower seedlings are very popular with home gardeners, eliminating the time, effort and difficulties of germinating from seed. Your Begonia Seedlings will be supplied in a 7cm square plastic pot full of healthy seedlings which are ready for pricking out. |
Begonia x semperflorens. Found in Rīga town, Latvia. By AfroBrazilian, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Hypoestes phyllostachya (Polka-dot plant) |
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In its native habitat, the plant can get up to 3 feet in height, but pot grown specimens will usually be smaller. The foliage is the main reason to grow this plant. The leaves are dotted with darker spots in green and a base color of pink. Breeders have developed many other varieties, some of which have the green mottled spotting, but others are dotted with other hues. There are purple, scarlet, lavender and white speckled leaves. |
A small flower on a red cultivar of Hypoestes phyllostachya. By FRUIT via Wikimedia Commons |
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Impatiens 'Pink Swirl' |
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The first impatiens to feature the unique picotee pattern. Basil branching 10-12" plants with 1.25 to 1.5 in flowers. Package (30 seeds). USDA Hardiness Zone -
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• 日本語: インパチェンス Place:Osaka-fu Japan. By I, KENPEI, via Wikimedia Commons |
Impatiens are some of the best plants for shade. Here, 'Pink Swirl' impatiens create a lovely contrast for 'Riviera Midnight Blue' lobelia. This annual combination will give you the perfect reason to stop and rest beneath the shade of your favorite tree. |
Lobelia erinus 'Riviera Midnight' |
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This extra early-flowering, mounded series is the market leader – plants bloom about 15 days earlier than standard varieties. Growers benefit from the reduced bench time, while retailers see an extended selling season. Vigorous Riviera flowers profusely in an extensive range of colours. Ball-shaped plants stay compact and mounded, making them perfect for beds, borders, containers and colour bowls. Riviera is an excellent pack performer that grows to 5 in. (13 cm) in the garden. |
Lobelia erinus, Campanulaceae, Edging Lobelia, Garden Lobelia, Trailing Lobelia, flower. The whole, fresh plant collected at bloom is used in homeopathy as remedy: Lobelia erinus (Lob-e.). By H. Zell, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Impatiens walleriana 'Dazzler Blue Pearl' Supplier |
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Dazzler is the most “landscape friendly” impatiens series – the healthy, uniform plants have controlled, manageable vigour; fill in quickly; and put on big shows with masses of 1.5-in./4-cm blooms over rich, green foliage. Well-matched across the series, all the colours come into bloom together and flower freely right up until frost. |
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Start with 'Dazzler Blue Pearl' impatiens for a big dose of color to shady spots. Add to that the colorful flowers of 'Clown Rose' wishbone flower and the rich blue tones of browallia and you've created a combination that will rival any sunny garden for high-impact color. |
Torenia 'Clown Rose' (Wishbone, Florida Pansy) Supplier |
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The pretty blooms of ‘Clown Rose’ have white petals spotted with rose. They are vigorous, heavy blooming, have low habits and come in many colors. Another perk is that these carefree bloomers require no deadheading and are particularly tolerant of high heat, humidity and full sun. Their showy tubular flowers have three lower petals, two upper petals and a distinctive wishbone-like structure inside comprised of two stamens that arch and come together. |
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Browalia speciosa 'Blue Bells' Supplier |
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Produces masses of beautiful 1.5 inch star-shaped violet-blue flowers on long blooming, neatly mounded 8-12 inch tall plants. Prefers part shade in warm climates and likes moist soil everywhere. Easy to grow. |
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Seedaholic have seeds of 38 plants including annuals for houseplants.
"Colour Schemes with Annuals" from Chapter 5 of Annuals & Biennials, the best annual and biennial plants and their uses in the garden by Gertrude Jekyll published in 1916 and republished by Forgotten Books in 2012 (Forgotten Books is a London-based book publisher specializing in the restoration of old books, both fiction and non-fiction. Today we have 372,702 books available to read online, download as ebooks, or purchase in print.):- What is meant by colour schemes is not merely the putting together of flowers that look well side by side, but the disposition of the plants in complete borders in such a manner that the whole effect is pictorial. It is done by means of progressive harmonies - harmonies throughout being the guiding principle, contrasts the occasional exception (you may find Understanding Color: An Introduction for Designers by Linda Holtzschue ISBN 978-0470381359 or its updated version to be published in 2017 informs you about progressive harmonies). In the days of less enlightened gardening, about the middle of the 19th century (1850), anything that was aimed at in the way of colouring was nearly always some violent contrast, or the putting together of crudely coloured flowers; a pleasant harmony was scarcely thought of. Such a combination as scarlet Geranium and blue Lobelia was then admired, and so on with all the plants, exellent in themselves for better use, that were then available - for garish effects were then deliberately aimed at; now that more thoughtful ways prevail in 1916 we try for something better than garishness - we try for the nobler colour-quality of sumptious splendour. In acquiring this we get even more brilliancy; the eye and mind are filled with a concsiousness of delightful satisfaction of attaniment instead of their being, as it were, rudely attacked, and, in the case of the more sensitive among us, actually shocked by a harsh crudity that has some of the displeasing qualities of vulgarity. Although the more reasonable and enjoyable way of putting flowers together can be better done with the tender summer plants of stouter habit, such as Dahlias, Cannas, Geraniums and the rest, it is well to apply the same principle to borders of annuals. The plan in the book shows a border so arranged. It only names a portion of the much larger number of annuals that could be grouped together, or with those shown, and possibly in quite different ways, but always with the same intention. It begins on the left with blue or blueish flowers with white, or both white and a little pale yellow. There is some quality about blue that invites contrast as an alternative to harmony, for the scheme would be almost equally pictorial if, instead of merging the blues into yellow or pale pink, it led them to liacs and purples; but in my own practice I prefer treating the pure blues with contrast of white or yellow. For the rest,the whole is in a harmonious seqiuence. Whether the blues reach the strong yellows through pink or pale yellow can be decided according to the preference or judgement of the operator, but when once the full yellows are reached, the colour progresses towards the strongest scarlets through orange and reds of lesser intensity. A double border arranged in some such way when seen from either end, or in a single border that has lawn or other space in front which it can be viewed, will in either case show the advantage of the definite colour-plan and the unity of intention. It will be a satisfying picture, with a gradual ascent to a culminating glory, instead of a jumbled incoherence of spottiness, with perhaps here and there a pretty incident, but no repose or pictorial effect - as detailed in the flower colour scheme disaster in the Mixed Borders at Wisley during 2013. |
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STAGE 2 |
STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY PAGES Links to pages in Table alongside on the left with Garden Design Topic Pages |
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Plant Type |
STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 with its Cultivation Requirements |
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Alpines for Rock Garden (See Rock Garden Plant Flowers) |
Alpines and Walls |
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Aquatic |
Water-side Plants |
Wildlife Pond Plants |
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Cut Flowers |
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Scent / Fra-grance with Annuals for Cool or Shady Places from 1916 |
Low-allergen Gardens for Hay Fever Sufferers |
Annual Plant Pairing Ideas and Colour Schemes with Annuals |
Medium-Growing Annuals |
Tall-Growing Annuals with White Flowers from 1916 |
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Black or Brown Flowers |
Blue to Purple Flowers |
Green Flowers with Annuals and Biennials from 1916 |
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Vining Annuals |
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Bedding for |
Bedding for Light Sandy Soil |
Bedding for Acid Soil |
Bedding for Chalky Soil |
Bedding for Clay Soil |
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Attract-ive to Wildlife including Bees, Butterflies and Moths |
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Bedding Plant Use |
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Use in Hanging Baskets |
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Flower Simple Shape |
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Flower Elabo-rated Shape |
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Use in Bedding Out |
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Biennial for |
Patio Con-tainers with Biennials for Pots in Green-house / Con-servatory |
Bene-ficial to Wildlife with Purple and Blue Flowers from 1916 |
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Bulb for |
Indoor Bulbs for Sep-tember |
Bulbs in Window-boxes |
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Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type Blooming in Smallest of Gardens |
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Bulbs in Green-house or Stove |
Achi-menes, Alocasias, Amorpho-phalluses, Aris-aemas, Arums, Begonias, Bomar-eas, Calad-iums |
Clivias, |
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Hardy Bulbs
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Amaryllis, Antheri-cum, Antholy-zas, Apios, Arisaema, Arum, Aspho-deline, |
Cyclamen, Dicentra, Dierama, Eranthis, Eremurus, Ery-thrnium, Eucomis |
Fritillaria, Funkia, Gal-anthus, Galtonia, Gladiolus, Hemero-callis |
Hya-cinth, Hya-cinths in Pots, |
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Lilium in Pots, Malvastrum, Merendera, Milla, Narcissus, Narcissi in Pots |
Half-Hardy Bulbs |
Gladioli, Ixias, |
Plant each Bedding Plant with a Ground, Edging or Dot Plant for |
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Climber 3 sector Vertical Plant System with
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Raised |
Plants for Wildlife-Use as well |
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Least prot-ruding growth when fan-trained |
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Needs Conserv-atory or Green-house |
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Climber - Simple Flower Shape |
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Climber - Elabo-rated Flower Shape |
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DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site. |
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Scented Flora of the World by Roy Genders - was first published in 1977 and this paperback edition was published on 1 August 1994 ISBN 0 7090 5440 8:- |
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I am using the above book from someone who took 30 years to compile it from notes made of his detailed observations of growing plants in preference to |
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The Propagation of Alpines by Lawrence D. Hills. Published in 1950 by Faber and Faber Limited describes every method of propagation for 2,500 species. Unlike modern books published since 1980, this one states exactly what to do and is precisely what you require if you want to increase your alpines. |
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STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY
Cultivation Requirements of Plant |
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Outdoor / Garden Cultivation |
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Indoor / House Cultivation |
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Cool Greenhouse (and Alpine House) Cultivation with artificial heating in the Winter |
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Conservatory Cultivation with heating throughout the year |
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Stovehouse Cultivation with heating throughout the year for Tropical Plants |
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Sun Aspect |
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Soil Type |
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Soil Moisture |
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Position for Plant |
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Ground Cover 0-24 inches (0-60 cms) |
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Ground Cover 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) |
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Ground Cover Over 72 inches (180 cms) |
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1, 2, |
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Use of Plant |
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STAGE 4D Plant Foliage |
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Flower Shape |
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Number of Flower Petals |
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Flower Shape - Simple |
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Flower Shape - Elaborated |
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Natural Arrangements |
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STAGE 4D |
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Form |
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STAGE 1
Fragrant Plants adds the use of another of your 5 senses in your garden:- |
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STAGE 2 Fan-trained Shape From Rhododendrons, boxwood, azaleas, clematis, novelties, bay trees, hardy plants, evergreens : novelties bulbs, cannas novelties, palms, araucarias, ferns, vines, orchids, flowering shrubs, ornamental grasses and trees book, via Wikimedia Commons |
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Ramblers Scramblers & Twiners by Michael Jefferson-Brown (ISBN 0 - 7153 - 0942 - 0) describes how to choose, plant and nurture over 500 high-performance climbing plants and wall shrubs, so that more can be made of your garden if you think not just laterally on the ground but use the vertical support structures including the house as well. The Gardener's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Climbers & Wall Shrubs - A Guide to more than 2000 varieties including Roses, Clematis and Fruit Trees by Brian Davis. (ISBN 0-670-82929-3) provides the lists for 'Choosing the right Shrub or Climber' together with Average Height and Spread after 5 years, 10 years and 20 years. |
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STAGE 2
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STAGE 4D Trees and Shrubs suitable for Clay Soils (neutral to slightly acid) Trees and Shrubs suitable for Dry Acid Soils Trees and Shrubs suitable for Shallow Soil over Chalk Trees and Shrubs tolerant of both extreme Acidity and Alkalinity Trees and Shrubs suitable for Damp Sites Trees and Shrubs suitable for Industrial Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Cold Exposed Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Seaside Areas Shrubs suitable for Heavy Shade Shrubs and Climbers suitable for NORTH- and EAST-facing Walls Shrubs suitable for Ground Cover Trees and Shrubs of Upright or Fastigiate Habit Trees and Shrubs with Ornamental Bark or Twigs Trees and Shrubs with Bold Foliage Trees and Shrubs for Autumn Colour Trees and Shrubs with Red or Purple Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Golden or Yellow Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Grey or Silver Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Variegated Foliage Trees and Shrubs bearing Ornamental Fruit Trees and Shrubs with Fragrant or Scented Flowers Trees and Shrubs with Aromatic Foliage Flowering Trees and Shrubs for Every Month:- |
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Soil contains living material that requires the right structure and organic material to provide food for plants. If the structure of the soil tends towards a loam of about 20-50% sand, silt and 20 - 40% clay with a pH between 6 and 7.5, then this suitable for a high proportion of plants. Otherwise an application of a mulch of sand and horticultural grit for clay, or clay and horticultural grit for sand, is required to improve plant growth. If an annual mulch of organic material (Spent Mushroom Compost, Cow Manure, Horse Manure does contain weed seeds and should only be used under hedges or ground-covering trees/shrubs) is applied of 100mm (4”) thickness to the soil, then the living material in the soil can continue their role of feeding the plants. This mulch will stop the ground drying out due to wind or sun having direct access to the ground surface. The annual loss of organic matter from soils in cool humid climates is about 6lbs per square metre. If there is also a drip-feed irrigation system under the mulch (which is used for 4 continuous hours a week - when there is no rain that week from April to September), then the living material can get their food delivered in solution or suspension. If the prunings from your garden are shredded (or reduced to 4” lengths) and then applied as a mulch to your flower beds or hedges, followed by 0.5” depth of grass mowings on top; this will also provide a start for improvement of your soil. The 0.5" layer can be applied again after a fortnight; when the aerobic composting stage (the aerobic composting creates heat and 0.5" - 1 cm - thickness does not become too hot to harm the plants next to it) has been completed during the summer. Anaerobic (without using air) composting then completes the process. Application of Seaweed Meal for Trace Elements and other chemicals required to replenish what has been used by the plants in the previous year for application in Spring are detailed in the How are Chemicals stored and released from Soil? page.
You normally eat and drink at least 3 times every day to keep you growing, healthy and active; plants also require to eat and drink every day. Above 5 degrees Celcius plants tend to grow above ground and below 5 degrees Celcius they tend to grow their roots underground. 2 minor points to remember with their result-
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Soils and their Treatment
Soil Improvement |
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and • Watering Schedule - Far and away the best course of action against slugs in your garden is a simple adjustment in the watering schedule. Slugs are most active at night and are most efficient in damp conditions. Avoid watering your garden in the evening if you have a slug problem. Water in the morning - the surface soil will be dry by evening. Studies show this can reduce slug damage by 80%.
• Seaweed - If you have access to seaweed, it's well worth the effort to gather. Seaweed is not only a good soil amendment for the garden, it's a natural repellent for slugs. Mulch with seaweed around the base of plants or perimeter of bed. Pile it on 3" to 4" thick - when it dries it will shrink to just an inch or so deep. Seaweed is salty and slugs avoid salt. Push the seaweed away from plant stems so it's not in direct contact. During hot weather, seaweed will dry and become very rough which also deters the slugs.
• Copper - Small strips of copper can be placed around flower pots or raised beds as obstructions for slugs to crawl over. Cut 2" strips of thin copper and wrap around the lower part of flower pots, like a ribbon. Or set the strips in the soil on edge, making a "fence" for the slugs to climb. Check to make sure no vegetation hangs over the copper which might provide a 'bridge' for the slugs. Copper barriers also work well around wood barrels used as planters.
• Diatomaceous Earth - Diatomaceous earth (Also known as "Insect Dust") is the sharp, jagged skeletal remains of microscopic creatures. It lacerates soft-bodied pests, causing them to dehydrate. A powdery granular material, it can be sprinkled around garden beds or individual plants, and can be mixed with water to make a foliar spray.
• Electronic "slug fence" - An electronic slug fence is a non-toxic, safe method for keeping slugs out of garden or flower beds. The Slugs Away fence is a 24-foot long, 5" ribbon-like barrier that runs off a 9 volt battery. When a slug or snail comes in contact with the fence, it receives a mild static sensation that is undetectable to animals and humans. This does not kill the slug, it cause it to look elsewhere for forage. The battery will power the fence for about 8 months before needing to be replaced. Extension kits are availabe for increased coverage. The electronic fence will repel slugs and snails, but is harmless to people and pets.
• Lava Rock - Like diatomaceous earth, the abrasive surface of lava rock will be avoided by slugs. Lava rock can be used as a barrier around plantings, but should be left mostly above soil level, otherwise dirt or vegetation soon forms a bridge for slugs to cross.
• Salt - If all else fails, go out at night with the salt shaker and a flashlight. Look at the plants which have been getting the most damage and inspect the leaves, including the undersides. Sprinkle a bit of salt on the slug and it will kill it quickly. Not particularly pleasant, but use as a last resort. (Note: some sources caution the use of salt, as it adds a toxic element to the soil. This has not been our experience, especially as very little salt is used.)
• Beer - Slugs are attracted to beer. Set a small amount of beer in a shallow wide jar buried in the soil up to its neck. Slugs will crawl in and drown. Take the jar lid and prop it up with a small stick so rain won't dilute the beer. Leave space for slugs to enter the trap.
• Overturned Flowerpots, Grapefruit Halves, Board on Ground - Overturned flowerpots, with a stone placed under the rim to tilt it up a bit, will attract slugs. Leave overnight, and you'll find the slugs inside in the morning. Grapefruit halves work the same way, with the added advantage of the scent of the fruit as bait.
• Garlic-based slug repellents
Laboratory tests at the University of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne (UK) revealed that a highly refined garlic product (ECOguard produced by ECOspray Ltd, a British company that makes organic pesticides) was an effective slug killer. Look for garlic-based slug deterrents which will be emerging under various brand names, as well as ECOguard.
• Coffee grounds; new caffeine-based slug/snail poisons - Coffee grounds scattered on top of the soil will deter slugs. The horticultural side effects of using strong grounds such as espresso on the garden, however, are less certain. When using coffee grounds, moderation is advised. |
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UKButterflies Larval Foodplants website page lists the larval foodplants used by British butterflies. The name of each foodplant links to a Google search. An indication of whether the foodplant is a primary or secondary food source is also given. Please note that the Butterfly you see for only a short time has grown up on plants as an egg, caterpillar and chrysalis for up to 11 months, before becoming a butterfly. If the plants that they live on during that time are removed, or sprayed with herbicide, then you will not see the butterfly. |
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Plants used by the Butterflies follow the Plants used by the Egg, Caterpillar and Chrysalis as stated in |
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Plant Name |
Butterfly Name |
Egg/ Caterpillar/ Chrysalis/ Butterfly |
Plant Usage |
Plant Usage Months |
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
10 days in May-June |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
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Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
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Egg, |
1 egg at base of plant. |
Late August-April |
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Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
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Egg, |
1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts. |
7 days in June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts. |
7 days in June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower. |
7 days in August. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
10 days in May-June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
2 weeks |
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Cabbages - Large White eats all cruciferous plants, such as cabbages, mustard, turnips, radishes, cresses, nasturtiums, wild mignonette and dyer's weed |
Egg,
|
40-100 eggs on both surfaces of leaf. |
May-June and August-Early September. 4.5-17 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf. |
May-June and August. 7 days. |
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Cabbages:- |
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf. |
July or August; hatches in 3 days. |
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Cabbages:- |
Egg, |
1 egg laid in the tight buds and flowers. |
May-June 7 days. |
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Cherry with |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
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Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
10 days in May-June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
6 days in May-June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
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(Common CowWheat, Field CowWheat) |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 16 days in June. |
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Currants |
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
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Dog Violet with |
Egg, |
1 egg on oak or pine tree trunk |
15 days in July. |
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Dog Violet with |
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf or stem. |
Hatches after 15 days in May-June. |
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Dog Violet with |
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf or stem. |
Hatches after 10 days in May-June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
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False Brome is a grass (Wood Brome, Wood False-brome and Slender False-brome) |
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
... |
|
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
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Egg, |
1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts. |
7 days in June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf or stem. |
Hatches after 10 days in May-June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower. |
7 days in August. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. 5 or 6 eggs may be deposited by separate females on one leaf. |
14 days in July-August. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg laid in the tight buds and flowers. |
May-June 7 days. |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
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Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
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Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
1 then |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg at base of plant. |
Late August-April. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
10 days in May-June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
2 weeks |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
6 days in May-June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf. |
May-June and August. 7 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. 5 or 6 eggs may be deposited by separate females on one leaf. |
14 days in July-August. |
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Narrow-leaved Plantain (Ribwort Plantain) |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 16 days in June. |
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Narrow-leaved Plantain (Ribwort Plantain) |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 16 days in June. |
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Nasturtium from Gardens |
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf. |
May-June and August. 7 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on tree trunk |
15 days in July. |
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Mountain pansy, |
Egg, Chrysalis |
1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower. |
7 days in August. 3 weeks in September |
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Egg, |
1 egg on tree trunk. |
15 days in July. |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
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Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
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Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
|
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Egg, |
1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower. |
7 days in August. |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 16 days in June. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
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Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
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Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
2 weeks |
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Trefoils 1, 2, 3 |
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
6 days in May-June. |
|
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
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Egg, |
1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts. |
7 days in June. |
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Violets:- |
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf or on stalk. |
July-August for 17 days. |
|
Violets:- |
Egg, |
1 egg on stem or stalk near plant base. |
July to hatch in 8 months in March. |
|
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
2 weeks. |
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Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
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Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. 5 or 6 eggs may be deposited by separate females on one leaf. |
14 days in July-August. |
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Willow |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
|
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
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Plants used by the Butterflies |
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Plant Name |
Butterfly Name |
Egg/ Caterpillar/ Chrysalis/ Butterfly |
Plant Usage |
Plant Usage Months |
Asters |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
|
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Runner and Broad Beans in fields and gardens |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-June or July-September. |
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Aubretia in gardens |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November |
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Butterfly |
Eats sap exuding from trunk. |
April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
20 days. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June |
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Holly Blue |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation. |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
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Buddleias |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
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Wood White |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June. |
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Cabbage and cabbages in fields |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-June or July-September. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
July-October |
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Adonis Blue |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
1 Month during Mid-May to Mid-June or during August-September |
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Pale Clouded Yellow |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November |
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Cow-wheat |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June-July |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
3 weeks between May and September |
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Germander Speedwell (Veronica chamaedrys - Birdseye Speedwell) |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June-July |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
30 days in May-June. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-September |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
May-June for 18 days. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
1 Month. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
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Painted Lady |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
July-October. |
|
Marigolds in gardens |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
1 Month during Mid-May to Mid-June or during August-September. |
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Michaelmas Daisies |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-June or July-September. |
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Narrow-leaved Plantain (Ribwort Plantain) |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June-July |
|
Nasturtiums in gardens |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-June or July-September |
|
Butterfly |
Eats sap exuding from trunk. |
April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
July-October. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
July-May |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
7 weeks in July-August. |
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Comma |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
3 weeks between May and September |
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Trefoils 1, 2, 3 |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
1 Month during Mid-May to Mid-June or during August-September |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
20 days in August. |
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June.
|
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Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June-July |
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Apple/Pear/Cherry/Plum Fruit Tree Blossom in Spring |
Butterfly |
Eats Nectar |
April-May |
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Rotten Fruit |
Butterfly |
Drinks juice |
July-September |
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Tree sap and damaged ripe fruit, which are high in sugar |
Butterfly |
Hibernates inside hollow trees or outhouses until March. Eats sap or fruit juice until April. |
10 months in June-April |
|
Wild Flowers |
Large Skipper |
Butterfly |
Eats Nectar |
June-August |
Links to the other Butterflies:- Black Hairstreak |
Topic - Wildlife on Plant Photo Gallery. Some UK native butterflies eat material from UK Native Wildflowers and live on them as eggs, caterpillars (Large Skipper eats False Brome grass - Brachypodium sylvaticum - for 11 months from July to May as a Caterpillar before becoming a Chrysalis within 3 weeks in May) chrysalis or butterflies ALL YEAR ROUND. |
Wild Flower Family Page (the families within "The Pocket Guide to Wild Flowers" by David McClintock & R.S.R. Fitter, Published in 1956 They are not in Common Name alphabetical order and neither are the common names of the plants detailed within each family. The information in the above book is back-referenced to the respective page in "Flora of the British Isles" by A.R. Clapham of University of Sheffield, |
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When you look at the life history graphs of each of the 68 butterflies of Britain, you will see that they use plants throughout all 12 months - the information of what plant is used by the egg, caterpillar, chrysalis or butterfly is also given in the above first column.
THE LIFE AND DEATH OF A FLAILED CORNISH HEDGE - This details that life and death from July 1972 to 2019, with the following result:- End note, June 2008. I hear spring vetch has been officially recorded somewhere in West Cornwall and confirmed as a presence in the county, so perhaps I can be permitted to have seen it pre-1972 in the survey mile. I wonder where they found it? It's gone from hedges where it used to be, along with other scarcities and so-called scarcities that used to flourish in so many hedges unrecorded, before the flail arrived. I have given careful thought to including mention of some of the plants and butterflies. So little seems to be known of the species resident in Cornish hedges pre-flail that I realise some references may invite scepticism. I am a sceptic myself, so sympathise with the reaction; but I have concluded that, with a view to re-establishing vulnerable species, it needs to be known that they can with the right management safely and perpetually thrive in ordinary Cornish hedges. In future this knowledge could solve the increasingly difficult question of sufficient and suitable sites for sustainable wild flower and butterfly conservation - as long as it is a future in which the hedge-flail does not figure.
CHECK-LIST OF TYPES OF CORNISH HEDGE FLORA by Sarah Carter of Cornish Hedges Library:-
Titles of papers available on www.cornishhedges.co.uk:-
THE GUILD OF CORNISH HEDGERS is the non-profit-making organisation founded in 2002 to support the concern among traditional hedgers about poor standards of workmanship in Cornish hedging today. The Guild has raised public awareness of Cornwall's unique heritage of hedges and promoted free access to the Cornish Hedges Library, the only existing source of full and reliable written knowledge on Cornish hedges." |
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Recommended Plants for Wildlife in different situations
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From the Ivydene Gardens Box to Crowberry Wild Flower Families Gallery: |
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The Bumblebee Pages website is divided into five major areas:
FORCED INDOOR BULBS in Window Box Gardens. |
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Theme |
Plants |
Comments |
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Thyme |
Thymus praecox, wild thyme Thymus pulegioides Thymus leucotrichus Thymus citriodorus |
Thymes make a very fragrant, easy to care for windowbox, and an excellent choice for windy sites. The flower colour will be pinky/purple, and you can eat the leaves if your air is not too polluted. Try to get one variegated thyme to add a little colour when there are no flowers. |
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Herb |
Sage, mint, chives, thyme, rosemary |
Get the plants from the herb section of the supermarket, so you can eat the leaves. Do not include basil as it need greater fertility than the others. Pot the rosemary up separately if it grows too large. |
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Mints |
Mentha longifolia, horse mint Mentha spicata, spear mint Mentha pulgium, pennyroyal Mentha piperita, peppermint Mentha suaveolens, apple mint |
Mints are fairly fast growers, so you could start this box with seed. They are thugs, though, and will very soon be fighting for space. So you will either have to thin and cut back or else you will end up with one species - the strongest. The very best mint tea I ever had was in Marrakesh. A glass full of fresh mint was placed in front of me, and boiling water was poured into it. Then I was given a cube of sugar to hold between my teeth while I sipped the tea. Plant this box and you can have mint tea for months. |
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Heather |
Too many to list See Heather Shrub gallery |
For year-round colour try to plant varieties that flower at different times of year. Heather requires acid soils, so fertilise with an ericaceous fertilser, and plant in ericaceous compost. Cut back after flowering and remove the cuttings. It is best to buy plants as heather is slow growing. |
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Blue |
Ajuga reptans, bugle Endymion non-scriptus, bluebell Myosotis spp., forget-me-not Pentaglottis sempervirens, alkanet |
This will give you flowers from March till July. The bluebells should be bought as bulbs, as seed will take a few years to flower. The others can be started from seed. |
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Yellow |
Anthyllis vulneraria, kidney vetch Geum urbanum, wood avens Lathryus pratensis, meadow vetchling Linaria vulgaris, toadflax Lotus corniculatus, birdsfoot trefoil Primula vulgaris, primrose Ranunculus acris, meadow buttercup Ranunculus ficaria, lesser celandine |
These will give you flowers from May to October, and if you include the primrose, from February. Try to include a vetch as they can climb or trail so occupy the space that other plants can't. All can be grown from seed. |
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White |
Trifolium repens, white clover Bellis perennis, daisy Digitalis purpurea alba, white foxglove Alyssum maritimum Redsea odorata, mignonette |
All can be grown from seed. The clover and daisy will have to be cut back as they will take over. The clover roots add nitrogen to the soil. The mignonette flower doesn't look very special, but the fragrance is wonderful, and the alyssum smells of honey. |
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Pink |
Lychnis flos-cucli, ragged robin Scabiosa columbaria, small scabious Symphytum officinale, comfrey |
The comfrey will try to take over. Its leaves make an excellent fertiliser, and are very good on the compost heap, though windowbox gardeners rarely have one. |
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Fragrant |
Lonicera spp., honeysuckle Alyssum maritimum Redsea odorata, mignonette Lathyrus odoratus, sweet pea |
The sweet pea will need twine or something to climb up, so is suitable if you have sliding windows or window that open inwards. You will be rewarded by a fragrant curtain every time you open your window. |
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Spring bulbs and late wildflowers |
Galanthus nivalis, snowdrop Narcissus pseudonarcissus, narcissius Crocus purpureus, crocus Cyclamen spp. |
The idea of this box is to maximize your space. The bulbs (cyclamen has a corm) will flower and do their stuff early in the year. After flowering cut the heads off as you don't want them making seed, but leave the leaves as they fatten up the bulbs to store energy for next year. The foliage of the wildflowers will hide the bulb leaves to some extent. Then the wildflowers take over and flower till autumn |
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Aster spp., Michaelmas daisy Linaria vulgaris, toadflax Lonicera spp., honeysuckle Succisa pratensis, devil's bit scabious Mentha pulgium, pennyroyal |
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Bee Garden in Europe or North America |
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Plants for moths (including larval food plants and adult nectar sources) from Gardens for Wildlife - Practical advice on how to attract wildlife to your garden by Martin Walters as an Aura Garden Guide. Published in 2007 - ISBN 978 1905765041:- |
Marjoram - Origanum officinale |
"On average, 2 gardeners a year die in the UK as a result of poisonous plants. Those discussed in this blog illustrate a range of concerns that should be foremost in the designer’s mind." from Pages on poisonous plants in this website:- |
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Wildlife-friendly Show Gardens
Many of our gardens at Natural Surroundings demonstrate what you can do at home to encourage wildlife in your garden:-
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Ivydene Gardens Water Fern to Yew Wild Flower Families Gallery: |
Only Wildflowers detailed in the following Wildflower Colour Pages |
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Jan |
Feb |
Mar |
Apr |
May |
Jun |
Jul |
Aug |
Sep |
Oct |
Nov |
Dec |
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1 |
Blue |
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1 |
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1 |
Cream |
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1 |
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1 |
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1 |
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1 |
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1 |
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1 |
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1 |
White A-D |
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1 Yellow |
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1 |
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1 |
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1 |
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1 |
Flowering plants of |
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1 |
Flowering plants of |
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The following table shows the linkages for the information about the plants
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STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY |
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Private Garden Design:- |
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<---- |
Yes |
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No |
Cannot be bothered. |
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At Home with Gard-ening Area |
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Balcony Garden or Roof Garden |
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Grow flowers for flower arranging and vegetables on Balcony Garden or Roof Garden |
Pan Plant Back-grou-nd Colour |
STAGE 3b |
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Outside Garden |
Pan, Trough and Window-Box Odds and Sods |
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Kinds of Pan Plants that may be split up and tucked in Corners and Crevices |
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Trough and Window-box plants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 |
Pan Plant |
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You need to know the following:- |
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A) Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers List leads onto the |
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Human Prob-lems |
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Blind, |
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Garden Style, which takes into account the Human Problems above |
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Classic Mixed Style |
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Cottage Garden Style |
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Naturalistic Style |
Formal English Garden |
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Mediterranean Style |
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Meadow and Corn-field |
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Paving and Gravel inland, |
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Problem Sites within your chosen Garden Style from the above |
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Exce-ssively Hot, Sunny and Dry Site is suitable for Drought Resistant Plants |
Excessively Wet Soil - especially when caused by poor drainage |
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Control of Pests (Aphids, Rabbits, Deer, Mice, Mole, Snails) / Disease by Companion Planting in Garden |
Whether your Heavy Clay or Light Sandy / Chalk Soil is excessively Alkaline (limy) / Acidic or not, then there is an Action Plan for you to do with your soil, which will improve its texture to make its structure into a productive soil instead of it returning to being just sand, chalk, silt or clay. |
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Problems caused by builders:- 1. Lack of soil on top of builders rubble in garden of just built house. |
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In planning your beds for your garden, before the vertical hard-landscaping framework and the vertical speciman planting is inserted into your soft landscaping plan, the following is useful to consider:- |
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Reasons for stopping infilling of Sense of Fragrance section on 28/07/2016 at end of Sense of Fragrance from Stephen Lacey Page. From September 2017 will be creating the following new pages on Sense of Fragrance using Scented Flora of the World by Roy Genders. |
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After you have selected your vertical hard-landscaping framework and the vertical speciman plants for each bed or border, you will need to infill with plants taking the following into account:- |
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Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders Flower Perfume Group:- |
Flower Perfume Group:- |
Flower Perfume Group:- |
Leaf Perfume Group:- |
Scent of Wood, Bark and Roots Group:-
Scent of Fungi Group:- |
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Sense of Sight |
Emotion of |
Emotion of |
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Emotion of |
Emotion of Intellectual versus Emotional |
Sense of Touch |
Sense of Taste |
Sense of Sound |
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STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 for |
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STAGE 3a ALL , 3 AND 4 PLANTS INDEX GALLERIES with pages of content (o) |
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Plant Type |
ABC |
DEF |
GHI |
JKL |
MNO |
PQR |
STU |
VWX |
YZ |
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Alpine in Evergreen Perennial, |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
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Annual/ Biennial |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
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Bedding, 25 |
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Bulb, 746 with Use, Flower Colour/Shape of |
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Climber 71 Clematis, 58 other Climbers with Use, Flower Colour and Shape |
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1 (o) |
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Deciduous Shrub 43 with Use and Flower Colour |
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1 (o) |
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Evergreen Perennial 104 with Use, Flower Colour, Flower Shape and Number of Petals |
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Evergreen Shrub 46, Semi-Evergreen Shrub and Heather 74 with Use and Flower Colour |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
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1 (o) |
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Fern with 706 ferns |
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1 (o) |
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Herbaceous Perennial 91, |
1 (o) |
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Rose with 720 roses within Flower Colour, Flower Shape, Rose Petal Count and Rose Use |
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Sub-Shrub |
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Wildflower 1918 with |
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Finally, you might be advised to check that the adjacent plants to the one you have chosen for that position in a flower bed are suitable; by checking the entry in Companion Planting - like clicking A page for checking Abies - and Pest Control page if you have a pest to control in this part of the flower bed. |
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STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY |
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STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 Reference books for these galleries in Table on left |
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STAGE 3a ALL PLANTS INDEX GALLERY |
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STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY |
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Since 2006, I have requested photos etc from the Mail-Order Nurseries in the UK and later from the rest of the World. Few nurseries have responded.
with the aid of further information from other books, magazines and cross-checking on the internet. |
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