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Ivydene Gardens Plants: |
PLANTS PAGE PLANT USE Ground-cover Poisonous Cultivated and UK Wildflower Plants with Photos
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PLANTS PAGE Plants - Lime-Free Soil Following parts of Level 2a,
Plant Selection by Plant Requirements
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PLANTS PAGE
Plant Selection by Garden Use
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PLANTS PAGE REFINING SELECTION 12 Flower Colours per Month in its Bloom Colour Wheel Gallery
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PLANTS PAGE GROUNDCOVER PLANT DETAIL
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To locate mail-order nursery for plants from the UK in this gallery To locate plants in the European Union (EU) To locate mail-order nursery for plants from America in this gallery try using search in Plant Lust. To locate plant information in Australia try using Plant Finder in Gardening Australia. |
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This list of poisonous plants is only meant to provide orientation. It is not exhaustive as knowledge of chemical composition is quite insufficient. The toxicity levels are:-
A large amount of these slightly poisonous species would have to be eaten to lead to strong symtoms. Many species in these 4 poison types have such a repulsive taste, that it is hardly imaginable that children would voluntarily eat more than a few berries. The slightly poisonous, poisonous and very poisonous will lead to diarrhoea, vomiting, dizziness or headaches if their plant parts are eaten. Extremely poisonous will kill you if eaten. You should see a doctor in any case.Poisoning and Drug Overdose by Kent R. Olson, Ilene B. Anderson, California Poison Control System. Published by McGraw-Hill Professional, 2003. ISBN 0838581722, 9780838581728 644 pages. This may be the best manual on the diagnosis and treatment of poisoning and drug overdose. Plants by Judith A. Alsop, PharmD from pages 309 to 319 gives the common name and botanical name of the poisonous plant with its toxic effect and prehospital emergency measures. The Poison Garden website originated from John Robertson's role as the first Poison Garden Warden at the Alnwick Garden. |
"The Symbol P denotes a plant poisonous in greater or less degree to man in one or more of its parts at one or more seasons" from The Pocket Guide to Wild Flowers by David McClintock and R.S.R Fitter assisted by Francis Rose. Eleventh Impression 1978. (ISBN 0 00 219363 9). The plants with the Symbol P at the end of the line with their name on it in that book are shown in the list at the bottom of this page. Flora of the British Isles by A.R. Clapham, T.G. Tutin and E.F. Warburg. Cambridge at the University Press 1952. This book details the poisonous parts and toxicity of those poisonous plants native to the UK. The Poison Garden website originated from John Robertson's role as the first Poison Garden Warden at the Alnwick Garden. All the plants in this linked list are poisonous to animals. Is your home poisoning you and your pet? Plants, household items and foods poisonous to dogs. Plants that are toxic to cats. Plants that are poisonous to horses:- High Risk: Black Nightshade, Box, Bracken, Cowbane, Cuckoo Pint, Deadly Nightshade, Foxglove, Hellebore, Hemlock, Hemlock Water-Dropwort, Henbane, Herb-Paris, Horsetail, Iris, Laburnum, Larkspur, Lily of the Valley, Linseed, Lupin, Meadow Saffron, Monkshood, Potato, Privet, Ragwort, Rhododendron, Yew. Low Risk: Acorns, Alder Buckthorn, Black Bryony, Broom, Buckthorn, Buckwheat, Buttercup, Greater Celandine, Charlock, Cherry Laurel, Chickweed, Clover, Columbine, Corncockle, Darnel, Ground Ivy, Hemp Nettle, Horse Radish, Marsh Marigold, Melilot, Mercury, Oak, Pimpernel, Poppy, Rhubarb, Rush, St John's Wort, Sorrel, Spurge, Thorn Apple, White Bryony, Woody Nightshade. Prevention is better than cure:
It is useful if your garden boundary is where horses could reach, that you avoid having any of the above plants in that area. |
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The primary reason for this publication is the long-felt need of a text-book to accompany the course on poisonous plants which is given the students of the Ontario Veterinary College. This object has been kept constantly in mind. It has necessitated the preparation of a book at a price within the reach of every student, and yet one that contains in easily available form an up-to-date knowledge of our common poisonous plants, the characteristics by which they may be recognized, the symptoms produced by them and the remedial treatment required. It is hoped that the book will also prove useful to the veterinarian who is in practice, the farmer, the stockman and, to a more limited extent, the medical practitioner and the public generally. |
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Fruit, |
Plant Name (with Link to Species most often affected and to photos of the plant) |
Poisonous Parts with Link to Toxic Principle |
Toxicity |
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Fruit, |
Plant Name (with Link to Species most often affected and to photos of the plant) |
Poisonous Parts with Link to Toxic Principle |
Toxicity |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Acanthopanax sieboldianus |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Juniperus horizontalis |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
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Aconitum anthora groundcover grows on any Soil - click on photo |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Juniperus horizontalis 'Andorra Compact' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
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Aconitum napellus |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Juniperus horizontalis 'Prince of Wales' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
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Aconitum x cammarum 'Bressingham Spire' groundcover grows on any Soil - photo |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Juniperus horizontalis 'Wiltonii' - photo |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Aesculus flava 'Vestita' |
Unripe fruits, |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Juniperus media - click on detailed images |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Aesculus hippocastanum |
Unripe fruits, |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Juniperus media 'Hetzii' - click on photos |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Aesculus hippocastanum 'Baumannii' |
Unripe fruits, |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Juniperus media 'Mint Julep' - photo |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Aesculus hippocastanum 'Pyramidalis' |
Unripe fruits, |
poisonous |
Photo required |
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Juniperus media 'Old Gold' - photo |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Aesculus hippocastanum 'Umbraculifera' |
Unripe fruits, |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Juniperus media 'Pfitzeriana' - photo |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Aesculus parviflora |
Unripe fruits, |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Juniperus media 'Pfitzeriana Aurea' - photo |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Ailanthus altissima - photos |
bark, seeds |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Juniperus sabina - click on thumbnail photos |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Aralia elata - click on photos |
bark, seeds |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Juniperus sabina 'Femina' - click on photos |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
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Aralia elata 'Variegata' - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Juniperus sabina 'Mas' - photo |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Aristolochia macrophylla - see both images |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Juniperus sabina 'Rockery Gem' |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Arum creticum - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Arum italicum 'Marmoratum' - click on photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Berberis buxifolia 'Nana' - click on photos |
bark, root |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Juniperus sabina 'Tamariscifolia' - photo |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Berberis candidula - click on detailed images |
bark, root |
poisonous |
Photo required |
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Juniperus virginiana |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Berberis frikartii 'Verrucandi' - click on photo |
bark, root |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Juniperus virginiana 'Canaertii' |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Berberis gagnepainii lanceifolia - click on photo |
bark, root |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Juniperus virginiana 'Glauca' - photo |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
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Berberis julianae - click on more pictures |
bark, root |
poisonous |
Photo required |
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Juniperus virginiana 'Grey Owl' - photo |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Berberis ottawensis 'Superba' |
bark, root |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Kalmia angustifolia 'Rubra' |
Whole Plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Berberis stenophylla - photos |
bark, root |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Kalmia latifolia - click on thumbnail photos |
Whole Plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Berberis thunbergeii - click on photo |
bark, root |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Kalmia latifolia 'Elf' - photo |
Whole Plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Berberis thunbergeii 'Atropurpurea' |
bark, root |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Kalmia latifolia 'Heart of Fire' |
Whole Plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Berberis thunbergeii 'Atropurpurea Nana' |
bark, root |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Kalmia latifolia 'Heart's Desire' - photo from European Kalmia Society |
Whole Plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Berberis verruculosa |
bark, root |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Kalmia latifolia 'Nipmuk' - click on photos |
Whole Plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Buddleja 'Cardinal' - click on photo |
seeds, leaves |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Kalmia latifolia 'Olympic Fire' - click on photos |
Whole Plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Buddleja 'Empire Blue' - click on photos |
seeds, leaves |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Kalmia latifolia 'Ostbo Red' - click on photos |
Whole Plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Buddleja 'Fascination' - click on photo |
seeds, leaves |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Kalmia latifolia 'Pink Surprise' - photo from European Kalmia Society |
Whole Plant |
poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Buddleja 'Nanho Blue' - photo |
seeds, leaves |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Kalmia latifolia 'Pinwheel' - photo |
Whole Plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Buddleja 'Nanho Purple' - photo |
seeds, leaves |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Kalmia latifolia 'Quinnipiac' |
Whole Plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Buddleja 'Peace' - click on photo |
seeds, leaves |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Kalmia latifolia 'Richard Jaynes' - photo |
Whole Plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Buddleja 'Purple Prince' - photo |
seeds, leaves |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Laburnum anagyroides |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Buddleja 'Royal Red' - click on photo |
seeds, leaves |
slightly poisonous |
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Laburnum wateri 'Vossii' - click on photos |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Buddleja davidii - click on photos |
seeds, leaves |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Ledum palustre - click on photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Bulbs - lily-of-the-valley - photo , |
bulb |
very poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Buxus microphylla 'Faulkner' - photo |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Ligustrum delavayanum - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
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Photo required |
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Buxus sempervirens (North Carolina State University states for this plant that " it causes only low toxicity if eaten, and, Symptoms - respiratory failure." I used to be under the impression that if you did not breathe you were dead - I would hate to think what high toxicity would do to you. |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Ligustrum japonicum |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Buxus sempervirens 'Blauer Heinz' - photo |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Ligustrum obtusifolium regelianum |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Buxus sempervirens 'Bullata' - photo |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
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Ligustrum ovalifolium - click on photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Buxus sempervirens 'Handsworthiensis' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
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Ligustrum ovalifolium 'Aureum' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Buxus sempervirens 'Rotundifolia' - photo |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Ligustrum vulgare (children) |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Buxus sempervirens 'Suffruticosa' - photo |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Ligustrum vulgare 'Atrovirens' (children) |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Buxus sempervirens arborescens |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Ligustrum vulgare 'Lodense' (children) |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Photo required |
Calycanthus floridus |
seeds, Whole plant |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
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Liriodendron tulipifera |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Caragana arborescens - photos |
Whole plant |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Liriodendron tulipifera 'Fastigiatum' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
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Catalpa bignonioides - click on photos |
Whole plant |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera - click on photos |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Celastrus orbiculatus - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera brownii 'Dropmore Scarlet' |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis lawsoniana - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
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Lonicera caerulea - photo |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Alumigold' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera caprifolium - click on photos |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Alumii' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera heckrottii |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Columnaris' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera heckrottii 'Gold Flame' - photo |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Ellwood's Gold' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera henryii - photo |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Ellwoodii' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera japonica 'Aureoreticulata' - photo |
slightly poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Glauca Spek' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera japonica 'Halliana' - photo |
slightly poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Golden Wonder' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera japonica repens - click on photo |
slightly poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Kelleriis Gold' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera korolkowii zabelii - photos |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Lane' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera ledebourii - click on photos |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Minima Glauca' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera maackii |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis lawsoniana 'Stewartii' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera nitida 'Elegant' - click on photo |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis lawsoniana |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera nitida 'Maigrun' - click on photos |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis nootkatensis 'Pendula' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera periclymenum |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Nana Gracilis' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera pileata - click on photos |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis pisifera - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera tatarica |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Boulevard' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera tellmanniana - photo |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis pisifera |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera xylosteoides 'Clavey's Dwarf' |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Chamaecyparis pisifera |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Lonicera xylosteum |
berries |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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|
|
Chamaecyparis pisifera |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Lycium barbarum |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Chamaecyparis pisifera |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Mahonia aquifolium |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Chamaecyparis pisifera |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Microbiota decussata |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Myrica gale - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Baron Veillard' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
|
|
|
|
Pachysandra terminalis |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
|
|
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Bees Jubilee' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
|
|
|
|
|
Paeonia suffruticosa - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Blue Gem' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Paeonia suffruticosa 'Baronne d'Ales' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
|
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Comtesse de Bouchard' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Paeonia suffruticosa 'Beaute de Twicket' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Dr Ruppel' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Paeonia suffruticosa 'Blanche de His' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
|
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Duchess of Edinburgh' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Paeonia suffruticosa 'Jeanne d'Arc' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
|
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Ernest Markham' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Paeonia suffruticosa 'Louise Mouchelet' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Gipsy Queen' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Paeonia suffruticosa 'Madame Laffay' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Hagley Hybrid' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Paeonia suffruticosa 'Madame Stuart Low' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Henryi' - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Paeonia suffruticosa 'Reine Elisabeth' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Hybrida Sieboldii' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Paeonia suffruticosa 'Souvenir de Bucher' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
|
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Jackmanii' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Pernettya mucronata - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Jackmanii Superba' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Pernettya mucronata 'Alba' - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Jackmanii Alba' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Pernettya mucronata 'Coccinea' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Konigskind' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Pernettya mucronata 'Lilian' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Lady Betty Balfour' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Pernettya mucronata 'Purpurea' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Lady Northcliffe' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Pernettya mucronata 'Rosea' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Lasurstern' - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Phytolacca americana |
very poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Madame le Coultre' - click on photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Pieris floribunda - click on thumbnail photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Miss Bateman' - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
|
|
|
|
Pieris japonica - click on thumbnail photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
|
|
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Mrs Cholmondeley' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Pieris japonica 'Debutante' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Mrs N. Thompson' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
|
|
|
|
Pieris japonica 'Forest Flame' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Multi Blue' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Pieris japonica 'Purity' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
|
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Nelly Moser' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Pieris japonica 'Red Mill' - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
|
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Niobe' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Pieris japonica 'Valley Valentine' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Perle d'Azur' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Pieris japonica 'Variegata' - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Pink Fantasy' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Pieris japonica 'White Cascade' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Romantica' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Pieris japonica 'White Pearl' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Rouge Cardinal' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prunus laurocerasus |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'The President' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Prunus laurocerasus 'Caucasica' |
seeds, leaves |
poisonous |
|
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Ville de Lyon' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Prunus laurocerasus 'Cherry Brandy' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'Vyvyan Pennell' - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Prunus laurocerasus 'Herbergii' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis 'William Kennett' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Prunus laurocerasus 'Mano' |
seeds, leaves |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis Hybriden - see video |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Prunus laurocerasus 'Mount Vernon' |
seeds, leaves |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis alpina - click on varieties |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Prunus laurocerasus 'Otto Luyken' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis alpina 'Francis Rivis' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Prunus laurocerasus 'Rotundifolia' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
|
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis durandii - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Prunus laurocerasus 'Schipkaensis Macrophylla' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis integrifolia - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Prunus laurocerasus 'Zabeliana' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis macropetala - click on varieties |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Prunus serotina |
poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis macropetala 'Markham's Pink' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
Rhamnus catharticus (humans) |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis montana - click on varieties |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Rhamnus frangula (cattle, children) |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis montana 'Elizabeth' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Rhus glabra - click on thumbnail photos |
milky sap |
poisonous |
Photo required |
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis montana 'Grandiflora' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
|
|
|
|
Rhus typhina - click on thumbnail photos |
milky sap |
poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis montana 'Rubens' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Rhus typina 'Dissecta' - photos |
milky sap |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis montana 'Superba' - click on photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Robinia 'Casque Rouge' - click on photos |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis montana 'Tetrarose' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Robinia hispida 'Macrophylla' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis orientalis 'Orange Peel' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Robinia pseudoacacia |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis paniculata - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Robinia pseudoacacia 'Bessoniana' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
|
Clematis tangutica - click on varieties |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Robinia pseudoacacia 'Frisia' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis texensis - click on varieties |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Robinia pseudoacacia 'Monophylla' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
|
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis texensis 'Etoile Rose' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Robinia pseudoacacia 'Pyramidalis' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis texensis 'Gravetye Beauty' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Robinia pseudoacacia 'Sandaudiga' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis vitalba - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Robinia pseudoacacia 'Semperflorens' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis viticella - click on varieties |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Robinia pseudoacacia 'Tortuosa' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
|
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis viticella 'Etoile Violette' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Robinia pseudoacacia 'Umbraculifera' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
|
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis viticella 'Huldine' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Sambucus canadensis 'Aurea' |
Whole plant |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Clematis viticella 'Kermesina' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Sambucus canadensis 'Maxima' |
Whole plant |
slightly poisonous |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Clematis viticella 'Madame Julia Correvon' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Sambucus nigra |
Whole plant |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
Photo required |
Collutea arborescens - photo and diagram |
seeds, leaves |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Sambucus racemosa |
Whole plant |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
Photo required |
Cornus sanguinea - photo |
seeds, leaves |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Skimmia japonica - photo |
Whole plant |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cotinus coggygria - click on thumbnail photos |
Whole plant |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Skimmia japonica 'Rubella' - photos |
Whole plant |
slightly poisonous |
|
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cotinus coggygria 'Royal Purple'- photo |
Whole plant |
slightly poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Sophora japonica - click on thumbnail photos |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cupressocyparis - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Sophora japonica 'Pendula' - click on photos |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
|
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cupressocyparis leylandii - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Sophora japonica 'Regent' - click on photos |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cupressocyparis leylandii 'Castlewellan Gold' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Symphoricarpos - photo |
slightly poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cytisus Hybriden |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Symphoricarpos albus laevigatus |
slightly poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cytisus beanii - click on photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Symphoricarpos albus laevigatus |
slightly poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cytisus decumbens - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Symphoricarpos chenaultii - click on photos |
slightly poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cytisus kewensis - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Symphoricarpos chenaultii 'Hancock' |
slightly poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cytisus nigricans 'Cyni' - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Symphoricarpos doorenbosii |
slightly poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cytisus praecox - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus - photo |
slightly poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cytisus praecox 'Allgold' - click on photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Taxus baccata |
extremely poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cytisus praecox 'Hollandia' - click on photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Taxus baccata 'Aureovariegata' |
extremely poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cytisus purpureus - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Taxus baccata 'Dovastoniana' |
extremely poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cytisus scoparius - click on thumbnail photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Taxus baccata 'Dovastonii Aurea' |
extremely poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cytisus scoparius 'Andreanus Splendens' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Taxus baccata 'Fastigiata' |
extremely poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cytisus scoparius 'Burkwoodii' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Taxus baccata 'Fastigiata Aureomarginata' |
extremely poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cytisus scoparius 'Butterfly' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Taxus baccata 'Fastigiata Robusta' |
extremely poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cytisus scoparius 'Daisy Hill' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Taxus baccata 'Nissens Corona' |
extremely poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Cytisus scoparius 'Dorothy Walpole' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
|
|
|
Taxus baccata 'Nissens President' |
extremely poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Cytisus scoparius 'Dragonfly' - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Taxus baccata 'Overeynderi' |
extremely poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Cytisus scoparius 'Erlkonig' - click on photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Taxus baccata 'Repandens' |
extremely poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Cytisus scoparius 'Firefly' - click on photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Taxus baccata 'Semperaurea' |
extremely poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Cytisus scoparius 'Goldfinch' - click on photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Taxus baccata 'Summergold' |
extremely poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
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Cytisus scoparius 'Luna' - click on photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Taxus baccata 'Washingtonii' |
extremely poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
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Cytisus scoparius 'Palette' - click on photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Taxus cuspidata 'Nana' |
extremely poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Cytisus scoparius 'Roter Favorit' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Taxus media - click on thumbnail photos |
seeds, whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Daphne burkwoodii 'Somerset' |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Taxus media 'Brownii' - click on photo |
seeds, whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Daphne cneorum |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Taxus media 'Farmen' - photo |
seeds, whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Daphne mezereum 'Rubra Select' |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Taxus media 'Hicksii' - photo |
seeds, whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Daphne mezereum alba |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Taxus media 'Hillii' - photo |
seeds, whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
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Euonymus alatus |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Thuja occidentalis - click on thumbnail photos |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Euonymus alatus 'Compactus' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Thuja occidentalis 'Columna' - photo |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Euonymus europaeus |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Thuja occidentalis 'Smaragd' - photo |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Euonymus europaeus 'Red Cascade' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Thuja plicata 'Aurescens' - click on thumbnail |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Euonymus fortunei |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Thuja plicata 'Excelsa' - see video |
Whole plant |
extremely poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Euonymus fortunei 'Coloratus' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Ulex europaeus - diagram and |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
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Euonymus fortunei 'Dart's Blanket' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Viburnum - click on photos |
berries |
poisonous |
Photo required |
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Euonymus fortunei 'Emerald Gaiety' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Viburnum 'Pragense' - click on photos |
berries |
poisonous |
Photo required |
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Euonymus fortunei 'Emerald And Gold' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Viburnum bodnantense 'Dawn' - photo |
berries |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Euonymus fortunei 'Minimus' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Viburnum burkwoodii - photo |
berries |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Euonymus fortunei 'Sunspot' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Viburnum carlcephalum - photo |
berries |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Euonymus fortunei 'Variegatus' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Viburnum carlesii |
berries |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Euonymus fortunei 'Vegetus' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Viburnum carlesii 'Aurora' - photo |
berries |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Euonymus fortunei radicans |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
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Viburnum davidii - photo |
berries |
poisonous |
|
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Euonymus japonicus |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Viburnum farreri - photo |
berries |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Euonymus japonicus 'Aureomarginatus' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Viburnum lantana |
berries |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Euonymus phellomanus - click on images |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Viburnum opulus (humans) |
berries |
poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Euonymus planipes - click on images |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Viburnum opulus 'Roseum' |
berries |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Euonymus yedoensis - click on photos |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Viburnum plicatum |
berries |
poisonous |
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Fagus sylvatica - click on thumbnail photos |
slightly poisonous |
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Photo required |
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Viburnum plicatum 'Mariesii' - photo |
berries |
poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Genista - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Viburnum plicatum 'Watanabe' |
berries |
poisonous |
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Genista lydia - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
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Viburnum plicatum tomentosum |
berries |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Genista radiata - click on photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
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Viburnum rhytidophyllum |
berries |
poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Genista sagittalis - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
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Viburnum tinus - photo |
berries |
poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Genista tinctoria - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Vinca major - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Genista tinctoria 'Plena' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
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Vinca minor - click on thumbnail photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
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Photo required |
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Gleditsia triacanthos |
leaves |
poisonous |
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Vinca minor 'Alba' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
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Photo required |
Photo required |
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Gleditsia triacanthos 'Shademaster' |
leaves |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Wisteria floribunda |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Gleditsia triacanthos 'Skyline' |
leaves |
poisonous |
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Wisteria sinensis |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
Photo required |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Gleditsia triacanthos 'Sunburst' - photo |
leaves |
poisonous |
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Photo required |
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Gleditsia triacanthos inermis |
leaves |
poisonous |
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Poisonous Plants of Pakistan by Abid Askari will be published in August 2010 about 158 poisonous plants. The author has collected, in one volume, information about the poisonous plants that can be found in Pakistan, which previously could only be found in scattered, specialized scientific papers. Detailed descriptions of the plants and how to avoid injury from them are accompanied by the authors own accurate illustrations which highlight the poisonous parts of each plant. There is also useful information on how to recognise the symptoms of poisoning and provide first aid. Poisonous Plants of North Carolina website by:- with Other Links of Interest:
Cornell University Poisonous Plants Page
Canadian Poisonous Plants Information System Plants toxic to Horses |
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Gymnocladus dioicus |
seeds, leaves |
poisonous |
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Hedera - photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
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Hedera colchica - click on photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
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Hedera colchica 'Arborescens' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
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Hedera colchica 'Dentata' - photo |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
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Hedera colchica 'Dentata Variegata' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
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Hedera helix |
poisonous |
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Hedera helix 'Arborescens' |
poisonous |
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Hedera helix 'Conglomerata' |
poisonous |
"A woman is like a tea-bag. You only know how strong she is when she is put in hot water" from Eleanor Roosevelt |
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Hedera helix 'Gloire de Marengo' |
poisonous |
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Hedera helix 'Goldheart' |
poisonous |
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Hedera helix 'Woerner' |
poisonous |
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Hedera helix hibernica |
poisonous |
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Ilex - click on photos |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
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Ilex 'Washington' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
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Ilex altaclerensis 'Golden King' |
Whole plant |
poisonous |
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Site design and content copyright ©May 2015. Data added to existing pages December 2017. Poisonous plants list page from this gallery added to Wildflower Poisonous Plants page of Wildflower Gallery and photos added. Chris Garnons-Williams. DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site. |
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Ilex aquifolium (children) |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Ilex aquifolium 'Alaska' (children) |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Ilex aquifolium 'Argentea Marginata' |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Ilex aquifolium 'J.C. Van Tol' (children) |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Ilex aquifolium 'Pyramidalis' (children) |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Toxicity and |
Photo required |
Photo required |
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Ilex aquifolium 'Sharpy' (children) |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Expansion of details of some of the poisonous Wildflowers described in the rows below |
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Ilex crenata - click on thumbnail photos |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Plant Name |
Poisonous Parts (Further Poison effect details in |
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Ilex crenata 'Convexa' - click on photos |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Euphorbia Family:- |
The latex (milky sap) of spurges acts as a deterrent for herbivores as well as a wound healer. As it is under pressure, it runs out from the slightest wound and congeals within a few minutes of contact with the air. Among the component parts are many di- or tri-terpen esters, which can vary in composition according to species, and in some cases the variant may be typical of that species. The terpen ester composition determines how caustic and irritating to the skin it is. In contact with mucous membranes (eyes, nose, mouth) the latex can produce extremely painful inflammation. In experiments with animals it was found that the terpen ester resiniferatoxin had an irritating effect 10,000 to 100,000 times stronger than capsaicin, the "hot" substance found in chili peppers. Several terpen esters are also known to be carcinogenic. |
Poisonous |
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Ilex crenata 'Glorie Gem' - click on photo |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Ilex crenata 'Golden Gem' - photo |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Ilex crenata 'Green Lustre' - click on photos |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Ilex crenata 'Rotundifolia' - click on photo |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
Black Nightshade (Solanum nigrum) |
Like Bittersweet below, this plant contains the alkaloid solanine, which is very poisonous even in small amounts. It also contains atropine. |
Very poisonous |
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Ilex crenata 'Stokes' - click on photo |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Ilex meserveae - click on thumbnail photos |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Ilex meserveae 'Blue Angel' - click on photo |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Ilex meserveae 'Blue Maid' - click on photo |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Ilex meserveae 'Blue Prince' - click on photo |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Ilex meserveae 'Blue Princess' - photo |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Ilex verticillata - click on thumbnail photos |
Whole plant |
very poisonous |
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Fruit, |
Plant Name |
Plant Family Name |
Toxicity |
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Fruit, |
Plant Name |
Plant Family Name |
Toxicity |
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Alder Buckthorn (Frangula alnus) |
Poisonous |
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Baneberry (Actaea spicata) |
Very poisonous |
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Bittersweet (Solanum dulcamara) |
Very poisonous |
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Black Bryony (Tamus communis) |
Very poisonous |
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Black Nightshade (Solanum nigrum) |
Very poisonous |
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Buttercup Family (Ranunculus species):- Adderstongue Spearwort |
Creeping Spearwort (Ranunculus reptans) |
Scilly Buttercup (Ranunculus muricatus) |
All Ranunculus species are acrid, poisonous and are dangerous to cattle, but are ordinarily avoided by all grazing animals. The poisonous constituent is probably anemonin. |
Poisonous |
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Columbine (Aquilegia vulgaris) |
Highly Poisonous |
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Common Buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica) |
Poisonous |
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Cowbane (Cicuta virosa) |
Highly Poisonous |
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Deadly Nightshade (Atropa bella-donna) Belladonna is one of the most toxic plants found in the Western hemisphere. All parts of the plant contain tropane alkaloids. The berries pose the greatest danger to children because they look attractive and have a somewhat sweet taste. The consumption of two to five berries by children and ten to twenty berries by adults can be lethal. Ingestion of a single leaf of the plant can be fatal to an adult. The active agents in Belladonna, atropine, hyoscine (scopolamine), and hyoscyamine, have anticholinergic properties. |
Lethal |
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Dog's Mercury (Mercurialis perennis) Annual Mercury (Mercurialis annua) Dog's mercury is highly poisonous. Methylamine (mercurialine) and trimethylamine are thought to be present, together with a volatile oil and saponins. Symptoms of poisoning appear within a few hours; they can include vomiting, pain, gastric and kidney inflammation, and sometimes inflammation of the cheeks and jaw, and drowsiness. Apart from Chenopodium bonus-henricus and some other edible members of the Chenopodiaceae (also known as mercuries), the most similar-looking species is probably Mercurialis annua (annual mercury), which is also thought to be poisonous. |
Highly Poisonous |
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Cypress Spurge |
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Euphorbia Family:- Latex coming in contact with the skin should be washed off immediately and thoroughly. Partially or completely congealed latex is often no longer soluble in water, but can be removed with an emulsion (milk, hand-cream). A physician should be consulted regarding any inflammation of a mucous membrane, especially the eyes, as severe eye damage including possible permanent blindness may result from acute exposure to the sap. It has been noticed, when cutting large spurges in a greenhouse, that vapours from the latex spread and can cause severe irritation to the eyes and air passages several metres away. Precautions, including sufficient ventilation, are required. Small children and domestic pets should be kept from contact with spurges. |
Poisonous |
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Fool's Parsley (Aethusa cynapium) Usually contains coniine and is consequently poisonous. It is related to Hemlock and Water-dropwort, and like them, is poisonous, though less so than Hemlock. Poisoning from Fool's Parsley showed symptoms of heat in the mouth and throat and a post-mortem examination showed redness of the lining membrane of the gullet and windpipe and slight congestion of the duodenum and stomach. Since some toxins are destroyed by drying, hay containing the plant is not poisonous. |
Poisonous |
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Foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) Due to the presence of the cardiac glycoside digitoxin, the leaves, flowers and seeds of this plant are all poisonous to humans and some animals, and can be fatal if eaten. The main toxins in Digitalis are the two chemically similar cardiac glycosides: digitoxin and digoxin. Symptoms of Digitalis poisoning include a low pulse rate, nausea, vomiting, and uncoordinated contractions of different parts of the heart leading to cardiac arrest and finally death. |
Fatal |
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Hemlock (Conium maculatum) All plant parts are poisonous. Conium contains the piperidine alkaloids coniine, N-methylconiine, conhydrine, pseudoconhydrine and γ-coniceine (or g-coniceïne), which is the precursor of the other hemlock alkaloids. Coniine is a neurotoxin, which disrupts the workings of the central nervous system and is toxic to humans and all classes of livestock. For an adult the ingestion of more than 100 mg of coniine (approximately 6 to 8 fresh leaves, or a smaller dose of the seeds or root) may result in fatality. |
Very poisonous |
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Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger) - 0.03-0.15% tropane alkaloids (hyoscyamine, hyoscine = scopolamine), flavonol glycosides (quercitin, rutin, kaempferol), small amounts of volatile amines (choline, methylpyrroline, pyridine). have been found in the foliage and seeds of the plant. Common effects of henbane ingestion in humans include hallucinations, dilated pupils, restlessness, and flushed skin. Less common symptoms such as tachycardia, convulsions, vomiting, hypertension, hyperpyrexia and ataxia have all been noted. Henbane can be toxic, even fatal, to animals in low doses. |
Very poisonous |
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Ivy (Hedera helix) |
Poisonous |
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Lily of the Valley (Convallaria majalis) |
Highly poisonous |
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Lords and Ladies (Arum maculatum) It contains the same oxalates as found in Arum italicum. These needle-shaped crystals can irritate the skin, mouth, tongue, and throat, resulting in throat swelling, breathing difficulties, burning pain, and stomach upset. Though the orange berries are quite attractive, their acrid taste and the tingling in the mouth which begins quite quickly, mean that large amounts are rarely ingested and serious harm is unusual. The plant is said to be one of the most common causes of accidental plant poisoning based on attendance at hospital A & E departments though this may be because the irritation of the tongue and mouth is more likely to result in hospital attendance than a simple stomach upset from, say, eating a daffodil bulb thinking it to be an onion. |
Poisonous |
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Meadow Saffron (Colchicum autumnale) |
Poisonous |
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Mezereon (Daphne mezereum) |
Very poisonous |
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Monkshood (Aconitum anglicum. Syn. Aconitum napellus) |
Highly poisonous |
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Privet (ligustrum vulgare) |
Mildly poisonous |
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Roast-Beef Plant (Iris foetidissima) |
Poisonous |
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Spindle-Tree (Euonymus europaeus) |
Poisonous |
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Spurge-Laurel (Daphne laureola) |
Poisonous |
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Stinking Hellebore (Helleborus foetidus) Green Hellebore (Helleborus viridis) |
Highly Poisonous |
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Thorn-Apple (Datura stramonium) Tropane alkaloids are autonomic nervous system blocking agents. The level of alkaloids in individual plants varies from day to day depending on environmental conditions and stages of plant development. This can lead to problems for people who use the plant as a narcotic as higher levels of these alkaloids can cause death instead of the intended "trip." To learn more about these alkaloids and the toxicity check out "Medical Botany: Plants Affecting Man's Health" by Walter H. Lewis, P.F. Elvin-Lewis |
Very Poisonous |
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Tubular Water Dropwort (Oenanthe fistulosa), Hemlock Water Dropwort (Oenanthe crocata) and Fine-Leaved Water Dropwort (Oenanthe aquatica) |
Extremely Poisonous |
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White Bryony (Bryonia dioica) |
Poisonous |
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Yew (Taxus baccata) Most parts of the tree are toxic, except the bright red aril surrounding the seed, enabling ingestion and dispersal by birds. The major toxin is the alkaloid taxane. The foliage remains toxic even when wilted or dried. Horses have the lowest tolerance, with a lethal dose of 200–400 mg/kg body weight, but cattle, pigs, and other livestock are only slightly less vulnerable. Symptoms include staggering gait, muscle tremors, convulsions, collapse, difficulty breathing, coldness and eventually heart failure. However, death occurs so rapidly that many times the symptoms are missed. The wood remains poisonous after it is cut. |
Fatal |
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Click on Black or White box in Colour of Month. |
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I have updated the plant type and plant use for the Evergreen Perennials by February 2023,
followed by continuing to insert all the plants with flowers from Camera Photo Galleries as indicated by I will continue to insert all the plants planted in chalk as indicated by then the following plants shall be added from
finally - I am inserting these from February 2023, I will continue to insert all the plants |
The following is from the current Site Map of Evergr Perenn Gallery in October 2023:- 104 from the 1000 Ground Cover Plants (up to Aster novi-belgii in Plant Selection Level 5 Plant Name - A Index page of Plants Topic) as indicated by
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Collins Aura Garden Handbooks Trees for Small Gardens by Susan Conder. Published by William Collins Sons & Co Ltd in 1988.
On page 23 it has diagrams showing how to remove a large limb. The fourth diagram is incorrect and below is why - you should leave the branch collar on the tree instead of cutting it off. In the centre of each trunk and branch there is a section of nerves used by the tree to get information from all of its branches and trunk and then sending replies of what to do about it. You could say that the Branch Collar is like a junction box, where you cut off after it but not before; otherwise the tree still thinks that branch is still there and then will make invalid decisions. These nerve fibres are the last item in the branches/trunk that rot away. Branch Collar
Most gardens of new houses in England in 2023 are too small for trees, and I would recommend using top fruit and soft fruit trained onto the boundaries. If you add a chainlink fence, then you will have plenty of places to tie cordons, espaliers, fans and blackberries. If you want trees, then you can follow their method of putting them into containers as shown on pages 18 and 19, or train the trees as a a 80 (200cm) high hedge and allow 36 inches (90) from the boundary to the lawn for the hedge to grow in with bulbs and mulch between the lawn and the hedge. |
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From Annuals and Biennials chapter in Plants for Ground-cover by Graham Stuart Thomas - Gardens consultant to the National Trust. Published by J.M. Dent and Sons Ltd in 1970, Reprinted (with further revisions) 1990. ISBN 0-460-12609-1:- "I think there is a case to be considered for annuals and biennials in ground-cover schemes so long as they will sow themselves freely. |
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Use |
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Comments |
Lawn and ground-cover under conifer trees |
Poa annua |
The needles under a cedar tree were weekly swept away and the grass, despite fertilizers, top dressing, re-seading and re-turfing, simply would not grow. The needles were left alone and within 12 months the area became self-sown with a close and permanent sward of Poa nnua. This little grass regenerates itself constantly so that it makes a lawn, though each plant has only a short life. |
Oxalis rosea |
This is highly successful in the shade of conifers or any other tree |
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Cyclamen hederifolium |
This is a perennial, though sowing itself freely when suited and it is here because plants to grow under cedars and yews, somewhat away from the trunks, are very few. |
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Temporary ground-cover under trees |
Tropaeolum or Eschscholtzia |
A sheet of 'Gleam' nasturtiums or eschscholtzia; both are free-flowering and easily pulled up, though like all annuals it may be a year or two later before all dispersed seeds have germinated. Silene armeria and Iberis amara are equally successful, with Sett Alyssum (Lobularia maritima) creating a dwarf ground-cover carpet in late summer. |
Ground-cover under trees with high rainfall |
Claytonia sibirica (Montia sibirica) |
This grows under trees where the grass is thin at high altitude and high rainfall. It covers the area - interpersed with primroses and Oxalia acetosella - with a mass of pinky-white stars a few inches (cms) above the ground. Claytonia perfoliata is an annual; it is usually classed as a weed but is excellent cover in cool, acid soil, but far less conspicuous in flower |
Streamsides, river banks and fringes of boggy ground |
Impatiens glandulifera (Impatiens roylei, Annual Balsam) |
It is a rapid colonizer because its seeds are ejected with some force from the ripe pods. It seeds with great abandon and grows to 72 (180) or more; its many pink flowers make a great show. |
Full sun and drier soils than by streamsides |
Angelica archangelica |
It very quickly produces great green heads in spring, ripening quickly, with the result that the ground is thickly covered with seedlings in late summer. Oenothera biennis (Evening Primrose) will colonize any sunny waste place and produce yellow blooms for weeks in the summer Lychnis coronaria is a prolific seeder with rosettes of silvery basal leaves. Erysimum linifolium (Wallflower) produces lilac flowers |
Plants that seed about with abandon |
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From Appendix II Lists of plants for special conditions in Plants for Ground-cover by Graham Stuart Thomas - Gardens consultant to the National Trust. Published by J.M. Dent and Sons Ltd in 1970, Reprinted (with further revisions) 1990. ISBN 0-460-12609-1:- |
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Plant |
Plant |
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1. Plants requiring lime-free soils
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Arctostaphylos. |
Erica. |
Philesia. |
2. Plants which will thrive in limy soils
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Acaena. |
Cotula. |
Paeonia. |
3. Plants which tolerate clay.
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Acanthus. |
Euonymus fortunei. |
Rodgersia. |
4. Plants which will grow satisfactorily in dry, shady places. Apart from ill-drained clay, this combination of conditions is the most difficult to cope with in the garden. * indicates those which will not tolerate lime. |
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Alchemilla conjuncta. |
Fragaria. |
Reynoutria. |
5. Plants which thrive on moist soils. Genera marked * are suitable for boggy positions. |
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Ajuga. |
Cornus stolonifera. |
*Onoclea. |
6. Plants which grow well in shady positions. The bulk of these are woodland plants, growing well under shrubs and trees, but those marked * are not so satisfactory under trees, though thriving in the shade given by buildings. For those requiring lime-free soil, compare with List 1. |
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Adiantum. |
Carex. |
Epigaea. |
Helxine. |
Onoclea. |
Shortia. |
7. Plants which will thrive in hot, sunny places on dry soils. Those marked * require lime-free soil. |
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Acaena. |
Dimorphotheca. |
Lychnis coronaria. |
8. Plants which thrive in maritime districts. Many of the following will stand wind and salt-spray, particularly those marked *. Those marked ** will provide shelter for others and shelter is highly important in seaside gardening. For genera requiring, lime-free soil, compare with List 1. |
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Acaena. |
Aubretia. |
Ceanothus. |
*Genista. |
Pulsatilla. |
*Sedum. |
9. Plants which create barriers. The following by their dense or prickly character will deter small animals and human beings as well as weeds. |
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Arundinaria anceps. |
Mahonia japonica. |
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10. Plants for town gardens. Genera marked * prefer acid soil; those marked £ will thrive in impoverished soils. Soil in towns is usually deficient in humus. |
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£Acanthus. |
Euonymus. |
Ribes. |
EXPLAINATION OF WHY SOIL IN UK TOWNS IS USUALLY DEFICIENT IN HUMUS.
Humus is dark, organic material that forms in soil when plant and animal matter decays.
The humus provides the organic polymers to interact with the clay domains and bacterium to stick the 2 grains of sand together. This soil molecule of 2 grains of sand, organic polymers, clay domains and bacterium will disintegrate by the action of the bacterium or fungal enymatic catalysis on the organic polymers. So if a continuous supply of humus is not present, then the soil molecules will break up into sand and clay. |
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Cultural Needs of Plants "Understanding Fern Needs
Only Earthworms provide the tunnels which transport water, gas and nutrients to and from roots. When the roots of the plant requires the mineral nutrients dissolved in soil water, oxygen and nitrogen intake and waste gases output, it gets it through the action of the earthworm continously making tunnels to provide the transport system. |
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11. Plants suitable for covering rose-beds. The following are all small plants that will not be strong-growing for the purpose, and will help to make the beds more attractive during the 7 months when Hybrid Teas and Floribundas are not in flower. Small spring-flowering bulbs can be grown through them. The more vigorous shrub roses will tolerate many others among the shorter growing plants in this 1000 ground cover table. |
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Acaena. |
Cardamine trifolia. |
Primula auricula. |
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PLANTS PAGE PLANT USE Ground-cover Height Poisonous Cultivated and UK Wildflower Plants with Photos
Following parts of Level 2a, Explanation of Structure of this Website with User Guidelines Page for those photo galleries with Photos (of either ones I have taken myself or others which have been loaned only for use on this website from external sources) To see what plants that I have described in this website see THE 2 EUREKA EFFECT PAGES FOR UNDERSTANDING SOIL AND HOW PLANTS INTERACT WITH IT OUT OF 10,000:-
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Plant Selection by Plant Requirements
Photos - with its link; provides a link to its respective Plant Photo Gallery in this website to provide comparison photos. ------------ Ground-cover Height |
REFINING SELECTION Plant Selection by Flower Shape Plant Selection by Foliage Colour
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The following details come from Cactus Art:- "A flower is the the complex sexual reproductive structure of Angiosperms, typically consisting of an axis bearing perianth parts, androecium (male) and gynoecium (female). Bisexual flower show four distinctive parts arranged in rings inside each other which are technically modified leaves: Sepal, petal, stamen & pistil. This flower is referred to as complete (with all four parts) and perfect (with "male" stamens and "female" pistil). The ovary ripens into a fruit and the ovules inside develop into seeds. Incomplete flowers are lacking one or more of the four main parts. Imperfect (unisexual) flowers contain a pistil or stamens, but not both. The colourful parts of a flower and its scent attract pollinators and guide them to the nectary, usually at the base of the flower tube.
Androecium (male Parts or stamens) Gynoecium (female Parts or carpels or pistil)
It is made up of the stigma, style, and ovary. Each pistil is constructed of one to many rolled leaflike structures.
The following details come from Nectary Genomics:- NECTARIES. An organ known as the floral nectary is responsible for producing the complex mixture of compounds found in nectar. Nectaries can occur in different areas of flowers, and often take on diverse forms in different species, even to the point of being used for taxonomic purposes. Nectaries undergo remarkable morphological and metabolic changes during the course of floral development. For example, it is known that pre-secretory nectaries in a number of species accumulate large amounts of starch, which is followed by a rapid degradation of amyloplast granules just prior to anthesis and nectar secretion. These sugars presumably serve as a source of nectar carbohydrate. WHY STUDY NECTAR? Nearly one-third of all worldwide crops are dependent on animals to achieve efficient pollination. In addition, U.S. pollinator-dependent crops have been estimated to have an annual value of up to $15 billion. Many crop species are largely self-incompatible (not self-fertile) and rely almost entirely on animal pollinators to achieve full fecundity; poor pollinator visitation has been reported to reduce yields of certain species by up to 50%." The following details about DOUBLE FLOWERS comes from Wikipedia:- There is further photographic, diagramatic and text about Double Flowers from an education department - dept.ca.uky.edu - in the University of Kentucky in America. "Meet the plant hunter obsessed with double-flowering blooms" - an article from The Telegraph. |
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Top ten plants that are bad for bees from Countryfile Magazine "Lavender, alliums, fuschias, sweet peas - keen gardeners know the very best flowers to entice bees to their gardens. But what about plants that are bad for bees? Here is our expert guide to the top ten plants that you should avoid to keep bees happy and buzzing, plus the perfect alternatives. 1. Rhododendron 2. Azalea 3. Trumpet flower, or angel’s trumpet (Brugmansia suaveolens) 4. Oleander (Nerium oleander) 5. Yellow Jessamine (Gelsemium sempervirens) 6. Mountain Laurel (Kalmia latifolia) 7. Stargazer lily (Lilium 'Stargazer') 8. Heliconia Exotic and interesting, heliconia, or lobster-claws as its sometimes called, is very toxic to bees. You should not prune your heliconias, as the 'stem' is actually made up of rolled leaf bases and the flowers emerge from the top of these 'pseudostems'. However, each stem will only flower once, so after flowering you can cut that stem out. This is recommended, to encourage more flowering, to increase airflow in between the stems of your plant, and also to generally tidy it up and improve the appearance. 9. Bog rosemary (Andromeda polifolia - 10. Amaryllis (Hippeastrum) This is another list of Plants toxic to bees, which includes:- |
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PLANT USE Plant Selection Level 1 |
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There are other pages on Plants which bloom in each month of the year in this website:-
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You may not have room in your garden for trees, but you can plant them in containers.
If you still have not enough room for trees, Plant Selection by Garden Use
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Choose 1 of these different Plant selection Methods:-
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Pruning The illustrations combined with the text tell you precisely what to do in the above book. |
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Chapter |
Contents |
Comments |
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Reasons to prune |
Pruning with a purpose. |
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Tools and Equipment |
Clippers and loppers. |
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Pruning Methods |
A proper pruning cut. |
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Ornamental trees and shrubs |
Pruning a bare-root shrub. |
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Shade trees |
Basic tree shapes. |
Cavity repair. "2. Smooth out the rough edges with a heavy-grit file" No, that would tend to remove the remains of the branch collar and further damage the tree. "3. Fill the hole with a good tree-cavity sealer. Asphalt compounds, such as those used in patching driveways and roofs, are suitable..." I suggest the following:- Solutions to stop creating holes in trees. When a branch is cut off, remember to cut it off on the other side of the Branch Collar. (See Figure 1 - Optimum position of the final pruning cut in "Guide to Tree Pruning" by the Arboricultural Association which shows the branch collar within and outside the tree. My Comments: I disagree with their recommendation not to apply wound paint as you can see the result if you do not paint trees which are dehydrated, starved and gassed as these trees in the pavements of Madeira are.) Once that is done, then immediately apply Boron and 2 coats of protective sealant as used for holes in trees above." from Photo Damage to Trees in Madeira Page 1. I also saved the yew tree in my local churchyard. |
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Pruning evergreens |
What is an evergreen. |
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Pruning hedges |
Starting a new hedge. |
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Artistic pruning |
Topiary. |
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Pruning fruit trees |
Pruning a bare-root fruit tree at planting time. |
A solution for grass round trees depriving them of water and nutrients; using the expertise of DLF. |
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Pruning small fruits |
Grapes. |
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Nut trees |
Planting a nut tree. |
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Vines and ground covers |
Pruning a woody vine. |
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Garden plants and houseplants |
Reasons to prune perennials. |
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Bonsai |
Choosing your specimen. |
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