Ivydene Gardens Stage 2 - Infill2 Plants Index Gallery: |
Ivydene Gardens Stage 2 - Infill2 Plants Index Gallery: |
||||||||
Botanical Plant Name with link to |
Flower Colour Sun Aspect of Full Sun, with link to external website for photo/data |
Flowering Months with link to |
Height with Spacings or Width (W) in inches (cms) 1 inch = |
Foliage Colour followed by with link to Australia or New Zealand mail-order supplier
with data for rows in |
Plant Type is:-
followed by:-
with links to |
Comments |
A plant of first-class merit, suggested as 'First Choices' Adjacent Planting |
Plant Associations It is sad to reflect that in England so few gardens open to the public label their plants or label them so that the label is visible when that plant is in flower, so that visitors can identify; and then later locate and purchase that plant. Few mail-order nurseries provide the detail as shown in my rose or heather galleries. If you want to sell a product, it is best to display it. When I sold my Transit van, I removed its signage, cleaned it and took photos of the inside and outside before putting them onto an advert in Autotrader amongst more than 2000 other Transit vans - it was sold in 20 minutes. If mail-order nurseries could put photos to the same complexity from start of the year to its end with the different foliage colours and stages of flowering on Wikimedia Commons, then the world could view the plant before buying it, and idiots like me would have valid material to work with. I have been in the trade (until ill health forced my Sole Trader retirement in 2013) working in designing, constructing and maintaining private gardens for decades and since 2005 when this site was started, I have asked any nursery in the world to supply photos. R.V. Roger in Yorkshire allowed me to use his photos from his website in 2007 and when I got a camera to spend 5 days in July 2014 at my expense taking photos of his roses growing in his nursery field, whilst his staff was propagating them. I gave him a copy of those photos. |
|
||||||||
Botanical Plant Name |
Exposure |
Flower Colour and |
Height in inches (cms) 1 inch = |
Soil Preference |
|
|
|
|
Alpines for Tops of Walls |
||||||||
Allium ostrowskianum Supplier in UK |
|
|
|
|
|
Sow seed when ripe in September ready to pot April, can be planted May while the bulbs are still growing to flower the same year, the heads will be small, but this will not prejudice the display the following year. |
Bulbous perennials, well-drained soil, sun or part shade; to be planted in autumn. No odour, unless handled. A. ostrowskianum, 8 inches (20 cms) high. Rounded heads of rose flowers, summer. From Turkestan. There are other allium used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Rock Gallery |
|
Allium caeruleum (Azure-flowered garlic), etc Supplier in UK |
|
|
|
|
|
Division of the bulbs in September, planting direct where they are needed. Seed when available, sown in normal seed soil March or April. |
Allium caeruleum (A. azureum). 12 inches (30 cms) high. Sky-blue flowering Siberian, summer. |
Picture of a flower head of an Allium caeruleum en . Photo taken in the Pond Garden Arbor at the Chanticleer Garden. By Photo by and (c)2008 Derek Ramsey (Ram-Man). Co-attribution must be given to the Chanticleer Garden. via Wikimedia Commons. |
Anthyllis has 35 accepted species names out of 211 (Anthyllis vulneria - Kidney Vetch - is a member of the Clover section of Wildflower Peaflower Family) Supplier of Anthyllis montana 'Rubra' in UK |
|
|
|
|
|
Anthyllis montana. Heel cuttings normal frame in June, July or August. Pot limy soil, ready to plant spring or September. Soft cuttings without a heel can also be used but they do not root so well. Seed rarely set, when it is, sow in February or March, and pot as soon as the cotyledons are open, the plant has a tap root that resents disturbance. |
There are other anthyllis used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Rock Gallery |
Anthyllis montana. In Montsec de Rúbies (Noguera-Catalunya). To 1.370 m. altitude. By Isidre blanc via Wikimedia Commons. |
Aquilegia (Granny's bonnet, Columbine) Aquilegia Downy Mildew is a considerable problem. |
|
|
|
|
|
The Aquilegias are best raised from fresh seed, sow July or August normal soil, and pricked out into boxes, as soon as they have a pair of true leaves, they can remain in these boxes saving winter frame space, and either potted in March or planted direct on the rock garden. All the easy species can be done in this way. Stale seed should be sown in May or June, to allow further time for germination, and this type of seed is the common cause of failure. Species and hybrids true from seed to which this applies: |
Perennial herbs, of which the dwarf species welcome well-drained soil and shade from hot sun. Propagated best by seed. There are other aquilegia used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Rock Gallery |
|
5-petalled, 5 sepals, deep purple- blue and Yellow stamens (5 pistils) with straight spurs, form clusters on the end of branched stems above foliage Part Shade
|
May-Jun Rock garden. In the wild it is found on stony grass, Nectar/pollen rich encourages bees. Use in wildlife gardens in middle of border. |
4-9 x 12-18
The plant's seeds and roots are highly poisonous. |
The leaves are blue-green, petiolate and trifoliate.
|
P H Hardy Perennial is a plant that lasts three seasons or more and that can withstand freezing temperatures Naturalised on rock-ledges. Moisture-retentive (required like alongside watercourses), well-drained, sandy soils enriched with leaf-mould. |
||||
Armeria (Lady's Cushion, Plant Profile from Australia) Supplier in UK Gardening Australia provides practical, realistic, and credible horticultural and gardening advice, inspiring and entertaining all Australian gardeners around the nation. Presented by Australia's leading horticultural experts, Gardening Australia is a valuable resource to all gardeners through the television program, the magazine, books, DVDs and extensive online content. |
|
|
|
|
|
Armeria caespitosa. Small cuttings, July and August, with about 0.25 inches (6mm) of old brown barked wood at the base. Normal frame, or a pan of alpine soil with 0.25 inches of sand, on top. Pot gritty limy soil, ready to plant following April. Seed sown July or March gritty soil, but very rarely true, it crosses with other Thrifts. The faster-growing larger alpine Armerias are increased by cuttings with old wood at the base, potted normal soil if about 3 inches (7.5 cms) long, or inserted normal sand frame in July or August, ready to plant September or Spring. Also division in March planted direct or potted. Species grown: |
A genus mainly of alpine tufted perennials, welcoming sun and well-drained lightish soil. Propagated by division, pulling into large pieces and planting them as cuttings in summer. There are other armeria used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Rock Gallery Armeria juniperifolia 'Bevan's Variety' is suitable for trough, crevice, wall or raised bed. |
|
Aster alpinus Supplier in UK |
|
|
|
|
|
Divide August, plant direct or pot normal soil. Seed March, but as the many washy-coloured hybrids are always a difficulty, it is best to get a good form and increase by division. |
A very large genus which contributes just a few worthwhile alpines which are easily grown. |
|
Centaurea scilloides Supplier in UK |
|
|
|
|
|
|
We hold the recently awarded National Collection of Centaurea at our garden in Hankelow. There is another centaurea used as an alpine in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Rock Gallery |
|
Chrysanthemum catananche (Rhodanthemum catananche) Supplier in UK |
|
|
|
|
|
Easiest increased by cuttings removed with or without a heel in June and July, inserted in the dry frame, for choice round the edge of a pot of sharp sand in the dry frame. |
|
|
Full Sun |
Mar-Apr |
2-6 (5-15) |
average |
|
A genus of bulbous hardy plants of many species and hybrids, with a flower span lasting from September to April. Late autumn, winter and very early spring species may, however, be spoiled by wet weather, and need places in the shelter of small shrubs, or to be grown in pots in a cold greenhouse or alpine house. Good choices for outdoors are given, though there are many others. Well-drained soil and sun suit.
alongside the crocus at planting time. |
There are other crocus used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery and others in Colchicum and Crocus Gallery. Crocus asturicus atropurpureus, 4 inches (10 cms) high, purple-violet, November.
are all good, September-November. Spring-flowering: plant September-October.
Crocus candidus subflavus, 2.5 inches (6 cms) high, bright yellow, bronze-purple outside; April. |
Crocus chrysanthus varieties, 3 inches (7.5 cms) high. A good selection would include:-
Crocus etruscus, 2-3 inches (5-7.5 cms) high, violet-blue, February-March
Crocus vernus, 3.5 inches (9 cms) high, usually in varieties
Crocus versicolor picturatus, 4-5 inches (10-12.5 cms) high, white, with rich purple feathering, March |
|
Cytisus, dwarf species Supplier in UK |
|
|
|
|
|
Remove cuttings with or without heel in June, selecting shoots which are getting hard, but still growing at the tip, minimum length about 2 inches (5 cms). Insert normal frame, or in pan of sand in cold frame. Take great care not to damage the roots, when potting into normal soil. Ready to plant following spring. |
The dwarf species of these shrubs are invaluable for dry, hot spots, and grown in well-drained soils, and good sun, do very well. Propagated best from seed, to be planted young out of pots. There are other cytisus used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery |
Cytisus scoparius, Fabaceae, Common Broom, flower; Waldbronn, Germany. The fresh, stripped off flowers with the leaves, without branchtips, are used in homeopathy as remedy: Spartium scoparium (Spar.). By H. Zell via Wikimedia Commons. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Where there is room for them to drape a rock face, or terrace, the following are very beautiful. Flourish in any well-drained soil, sun, or light shade. C. alpina, 36-72 inches (90 to 180 cms) stems, with bell-like, lavender blue flowers, April-May. C. macropetala, 48-72 inches (120 to 180 cms) stems. Semi-double nodding flowers, lavender-blue, in May; C. tangutica, Gravetye variety. Beautiful for its deep yellow, Chinese-lantern-like flowers, and silky seed-heads, August-October. If pruned by cutting side shoots back to a strong bud above their base, can be confined to a 36-72 inch (90-180 cms) square area. Propagated by layering, August. |
Clematis alpina. By Juan José Sánchez from Spain via Wikimedia Commons. |
|
Dryas octopetala (Mountain Avens is a member of the Wildflower Rose Family) |
Full Sun |
Jun-Jul |
2 (5) |
average |
|
Trailing, mat-forming, sub-shrub, with deep green, oak-like leaves, white, yellow-centred, open flowers, June-July. |
There is another dryas used as an alpine in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery |
See Dryas octopetala for further details and photos
Nederlands: Deze foto toont de Dryas octopetala 'English: This photo shows Dryas octopetala plant. By Teun Spaans - Own work, attribution required (Multi-license with GFDL and Creative Commons CC-BY 2.5) via Wikimedia Commons. |
|
Supplier in UK |
|
|
|
|
|
Genistas are all good alpine shrubs for a sunny position, once established they are easy, but they are slow rooting from cuttings, and seed is rarely plentiful. Genista lydia. Soft cuttings without heel, treated with hormone and inserted normal cutting frame in April or May. Pot in peaty soil, ready to plant following spring. Needs a lime-free soil, with leaf-mould or peat in full sun. |
The dwarf species are fine subjects for poor, light soils, dry places, and full sun. Propagated by cuttings, April. G. sagittalis, 9 inches (22.5 cms) high. Prostrate shrub, with angular stems and curiously tangled leaves, and sprays of golden flowers in June-July; does well on walls. G. villarsii, 2 inches (5 cms) high. Dense, low shrub with creeping rooting branches, yellow flowers, June-July; excellent for ledges in the rock garden; a real miniature.
There are other genista used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Rock Gallery |
Genista januensis subsp. lydia, Hülsenfrüchtler (Fabaceae), Faboideae - Türkei/Türkiye/Turkey: Prov. Bolu/Bolu ili, SE Karacasu, S Bolu, ca. 880-890 m, Eichen-Niederwald. By Franz Xaver via Wikimedia Commons. |
Helichrysum bellidioides (New Zealand everlasting flower, Anaphalioides bellidioides, Everlasting Daisy is a New Zealand native perennial) Supplier in UK |
|
|
|
|
|
Soft cuttings June to August, about 0.5 inches (1.25 cms) long. Pot normal soil. Ready to plant September or spring. Division July, ready to plant September. |
There are other helichrysum used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Rock Gallery |
|
Iris, dwarf species Supplier in UK
A Guide to Growing Iris Blooms All Season |
|
|
|
|
|
Iris reticulata (all varieties). Divide the offset bulbs in June, planting direct in limy soil. |
A large genus containing herbaceous perennials with creeping tuberous or bulbous root-stocks, from the following are only a promising selection of the hardy sorts:- There are other iris used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Rock Gallery |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sow January normal soil. Prick off into boxes or pot in April, ready to plant September. An easy, but not very striking plant for full sun on a poor soil. There is another leontopodium used as an alpine in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Rock Gallery |
Looked down-the-nose-at by the cognizenti, but a plant many like to grow for its romantic and swiss holiday associations. Easily grown in well-drained soil, sun and clean air, with some protection against winter damp. Propagated by division, spring. |
|
|
|
Supplier of seeds in UK - who sells and ships globally. Rareplants.de sells a broad variety of seeds of more than 4.000 different and unique species, including Australian Plants, Canary Islands and Mediterranean Flora, North American Plants, Wildflowers, South American Plants and South African Plants to Europe with exception of Spain and all other non-European countries. |
|
|
|
|
|
Muscari, Grape Hyacinths, are apt to seed too freely and leaves are in evidence a long time. Very useful for children to plant themselves There are other Muscari used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery |
A race of bulbous plants, flowering readily and naturalizing in any well-drained soil and sunny position. Propagated by lifting and dividing, June-July. M. armeniacum, 6 inches (15 cms), high. Blue spikes of flowers in May; M. botryoides, 6-9 inches (15-22.5 cms) high. Deep sky-blue flowers, May; M. tubergenianum, 8 inches (20 cms) high. Flowers of Oxford- and Cambridge-blue, April. |
Muscari armeniacum (pl. szafirek armeński). By Opioła Jerzy (Poland) via Wikimedia Commons. |
Narcissus, dwarf varieties Supplier in UK The American Daffodil Society - publishes quarterly The Daffodil Journal, an 80-page color magazine that covers all aspects of daffodil culture, breeding, and exhibition. |
Full Sun |
Mar-Apr |
3-10 |
well-drained |
|
Daffodil. |
There are other narcissus used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery and in Narcissus Gallery. |
Narcissus asturiensis (minimus) |
|
|
|
|
|
Sow February, pot March, normal soil, ready to plant April. Reaches flowering size in about 6 weeks, so can be sown in succession by nursermen. Can also be sown direct where it is required. Does not live longer than 2 years, but seed is freely set. Other species equally charming: |
P. alpinum, 6 inches (15 cms) high. Dainty poppy, tufted feathery, silver-grey foliage, with white, yellow, pink or orange flowers, June-July. Not long-lived but easily renewed from seed. Light well-drained soil; sun. This is further detailed in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Rock Gallery |
Papaver alpinum subsp. alpinum s. str. By Hermann Schachner via Wikimedia Commons. |
|
Polygala calcarea (Chalk Milkwort in the Milkwort Wildflower Family) Supplier in UK |
|
|
|
|
|
Pygmies of cushiony or tufted growth and no invasive strength but splendid foliage and colour are the native Polygala calcarea, with bright blue flower spikes from grass-green mats in May-July.
Sow January or February normal soil, pot standard alpine soil with one part of crushed chalk to every four of the mixture, ready to plant the following spring. The plant is so great a lime-lover that the growing time is halved with chalk. Divide in April, soft cuttings July. |
P. calcarea, 2 inches (5 cms) high. Is a native of chalk downs in southern england, a neat, mat-forming evergreen with deep blue terminal racemes of flowers, May-June. Well suited by limy, well-drained soil and sun. Propagated by seed.
There are other Polygala used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Gallery |
Polygala calcarea. In Muntanya d'Alinyà (Alt Urgell-Catalunya). To 1.660 m. altitude. By Isidre blanc via Wikimedia Commons. |
Potentilla fruticosa, dwarf varieties (Dasiphora fruticosa, Shrubby cinquefoil) |
|
|
|
|
|
Heel cuttings July-August. Normal frame and soil. Stop when established. Plant spring. Alpine shrub. |
P. fruticosa beesii (P. f. nana argentea), 12-18 inches (30-45 cms) high. A shrubby, silver-leafed form, with buttercup-yellow flowers, August-October. Spread to 36 inches (90 cms) so needs room. Well-drained soil, and sun. Propagated by heeled cuttings, June-July. There are other potentilla used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Rock Gallery |
Dasiphora fruticosa subsp. fruticosa, Berezovsky, Khanty-Mansiyskiy Autonomous Okrug, 64°17'47"N 60°54'10"E. By ugraland via Wikimedia Commons. |
Santolina chamae-cyparissus (Cotton lavender) |
|
|
|
|
|
A tall-foliage plant. Heel cuttings June-July. Stop. Ready to plant September. Lambley Nursery in Victoria, Australia has a Vegetable and Flower Cutting Garden as well as Ornamental Gardens which visitors are welcome to enjoy. Whether you have a large country property or a small city garden this magnificent two DVD set shows how, with a little dedication, the keen home gardener can have an incredibly productive kitchen garden. |
S. chaecyparissus v. nana, 9-12 inches (22.5-30 cms) high. Charming dwarf of the aromatic evergreen shrub, Lavender Cotton, with its dainty silvery-white foliage, and yell flower-heads in July-August. Useful for light or dry soils, full sun, and foliage contrast. Propagated by heeled cuttings, June-July. |
|
Scabiosa gramininifolia |
Mauve to rose |
Aug-Sep |
6 (15) |
dryish |
|
Loosely mat-forming, with silvery-white narrow leaves, and pin-cushion flower-heads of mauve to rose, June-August. Propagated by division, March. Average soil, good for dry positions. |
Use in rock garden or dry wall. |
|
Teucrium (Germanders, Teucrium chamaedrys - Wall Germander is a member of the Wildflower Thyme Family) |
|
|
|
|
|
T. Chamaedrys. Cuttings half-ripened wood June-September. Stop. Ready to plant spring. There are other teucrium used as alpines in Rock Garden Plants Suitable for Small Gardens in Colour Wheel Rock Gallery Jekka's Master Classes from Jekka's Herb farm with the largest collection of Culinary Herbs in the UK:- |
The dwarf shrubs of this genus are chiefly foliage beauties, liking light, well-drained soil and sun. Propagated from cuttings in June-July. T. polium, 4 inches (10 cms) high. Evergreen, procumbent shrublet, with silvery-grey, crenate leaves, and heads of small yellow flowers, July-August. T. subspinosum, 3 inches (7.5 cms) high. A silver-grey, spiny shrublet, hummock-like and attractive, with small mauve-pink flowers, August-September. |
|
The standard potting and seed-soil recipes from The Propagation of Alpines by Lawrence D. Hills are alongside: |
Normal Alpine Soil, potting and planting |
Lime-Lover's Mixture |
Peaty Mixture |
Leafy Mixture |
Gritty Mixture |
Normal Seed Soil |
Peaty Seed Soil |
|
Many of the species described do best in the soil mixtures used at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, they can either be used only for the particular plants for which they are recommended, or adopted in place of normal alpine soil and standard leaf-compost. Kew No 1 seed mixture can be used for all alpine seeds other than known lime-haters, woodland species, and others requiring large quantities of humus in the early stages. It is composed of:
Plants raised on this mixture should be potted in Kew No. 1 potting soil:
Kew No. 2 seed mixture is used where membership of the order Ericaceae, or the plant collector's notes, give indication of a lime-hating or woodland species:-
Kew No. 2 potting soil, for seeds raised in the compost alongside, is composed of:-
The crushed pot is a very valuable ingredient, as it adds the power of retaining moisture to its mechanical properties as a grit, it is smashed or ground by a machine, about as fine as a good cutting sand, that is particles from the size of a radish seed down to dust. It can also be bought from flower-pot makers, they usually sell it to firms who lay down hard tennis courts. It should not be confused with normal hard tennis court dressing which is smashed bricks, mainly under-baked, and without the necessary angular shape. |
||||||||
|
How to tell when Winter has arrived.
|
|||||||
STAGE 2 |
STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY PAGES Links to pages in Table alongside on the left with Garden Design Topic Pages |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plant Type |
STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 with its Cultivation Requirements |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Alpines for Rock Garden (See Rock Garden Plant Flowers) |
Alpines and Walls |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aquatic |
Water-side Plants |
Wildlife Pond Plants |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Annual for ----------------
|
Cut Flowers |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Scent / Fra-grance with Annuals for Cool or Shady Places from 1916 |
Low-allergen Gardens for Hay Fever Sufferers |
Annual Plant Pairing Ideas and Colour Schemes with Annuals |
Medium-Growing Annuals |
Tall-Growing Annuals with White Flowers from 1916 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Black or Brown Flowers |
Blue to Purple Flowers |
Green Flowers with Annuals and Biennials from 1916 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vining Annuals |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bedding for |
Bedding for Light Sandy Soil |
Bedding for Acid Soil |
Bedding for Chalky Soil |
Bedding for Clay Soil |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Attract-ive to Wildlife including Bees, Butterflies and Moths |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bedding Plant Use |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Use in Hanging Baskets |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flower Simple Shape |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Use in Pots and Troughs |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Flower Elabo-rated Shape |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
|
Use in |
Use in |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
Shape of |
|
Use in Bedding Out |
Use in |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Biennial for |
Patio Con-tainers with Biennials for Pots in Green-house / Con-servatory |
Bene-ficial to Wildlife with Purple and Blue Flowers from 1916 |
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulb for |
Indoor Bulbs for Sep-tember |
Bulbs in Window-boxes |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in |
Any Plant Type Blooming in Smallest of Gardens |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulbs in Green-house or Stove |
Achi-menes, Alocasias, Amorpho-phalluses, Aris-aemas, Arums, Begonias, Bomar-eas, Calad-iums |
Clivias, |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hardy Bulbs
|
Amaryllis, Antheri-cum, Antholy-zas, Apios, Arisaema, Arum, Aspho-deline, |
Cyclamen, Dicentra, Dierama, Eranthis, Eremurus, Ery-thrnium, Eucomis |
Fritillaria, Funkia, Gal-anthus, Galtonia, Gladiolus, Hemero-callis |
Hya-cinth, Hya-cinths in Pots, |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Lilium in Pots, Malvastrum, Merendera, Milla, Narcissus, Narcissi in Pots |
Half-Hardy Bulbs |
Gladioli, Ixias, |
Plant each Bedding Plant with a Ground, Edging or Dot Plant for |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Climber 3 sector Vertical Plant System with
---------- |
1a. |
1b. |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2b. |
3a. |
3c. |
Raised |
Plants for Wildlife-Use as well |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Least prot-ruding growth when fan-trained |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Needs Conserv-atory or Green-house |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Climber - Simple Flower Shape |
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Climber - Elabo-rated Flower Shape |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Scented Flora of the World by Roy Genders - was first published in 1977 and this paperback edition was published on 1 August 1994 ISBN 0 7090 5440 8:- |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
I am using the above book from someone who took 30 years to compile it from notes made of his detailed observations of growing plants in preference to |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Propagation of Alpines by Lawrence D. Hills. Published in 1950 by Faber and Faber Limited describes every method of propagation for 2,500 species. Unlike modern books published since 1980, this one states exactly what to do and is precisely what you require if you want to increase your alpines. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Topic |
|
|
|
STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY
Cultivation Requirements of Plant |
|
Outdoor / Garden Cultivation |
|
Indoor / House Cultivation |
|
Cool Greenhouse (and Alpine House) Cultivation with artificial heating in the Winter |
|
Conservatory Cultivation with heating throughout the year |
|
Stovehouse Cultivation with heating throughout the year for Tropical Plants |
|
|
|
Sun Aspect |
|
|
|
Soil Type |
|
|
|
Soil Moisture |
|
|
|
Position for Plant |
|
Ground Cover 0-24 inches (0-60 cms) |
|
Ground Cover 24-72 inches (60-180 cms) |
|
Ground Cover Over 72 inches (180 cms) |
|
1, 2, |
|
|
|
Use of Plant |
|
|
|
STAGE 4D Plant Foliage |
|
|
|
Flower Shape |
|
Number of Flower Petals |
|
|
|
Flower Shape - Simple |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Flower Shape - Elaborated |
|
|
|
Natural Arrangements |
|
|
|
STAGE 4D |
|
|
|
|
|
Form |
|
|
|
|
|
STAGE 1
Fragrant Plants adds the use of another of your 5 senses in your garden:- |
|
|
|
STAGE 2 Fan-trained Shape From Rhododendrons, boxwood, azaleas, clematis, novelties, bay trees, hardy plants, evergreens : novelties bulbs, cannas novelties, palms, araucarias, ferns, vines, orchids, flowering shrubs, ornamental grasses and trees book, via Wikimedia Commons |
|
Ramblers Scramblers & Twiners by Michael Jefferson-Brown (ISBN 0 - 7153 - 0942 - 0) describes how to choose, plant and nurture over 500 high-performance climbing plants and wall shrubs, so that more can be made of your garden if you think not just laterally on the ground but use the vertical support structures including the house as well. The Gardener's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Climbers & Wall Shrubs - A Guide to more than 2000 varieties including Roses, Clematis and Fruit Trees by Brian Davis. (ISBN 0-670-82929-3) provides the lists for 'Choosing the right Shrub or Climber' together with Average Height and Spread after 5 years, 10 years and 20 years. |
|
|
|
STAGE 2
The Book of Bulbs by S. Arnott, F.R.H.S. Printed by |
|
|
|
STAGE 4D Trees and Shrubs suitable for Clay Soils (neutral to slightly acid) Trees and Shrubs suitable for Dry Acid Soils Trees and Shrubs suitable for Shallow Soil over Chalk Trees and Shrubs tolerant of both extreme Acidity and Alkalinity Trees and Shrubs suitable for Damp Sites Trees and Shrubs suitable for Industrial Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Cold Exposed Areas Trees and Shrubs suitable for Seaside Areas Shrubs suitable for Heavy Shade Shrubs and Climbers suitable for NORTH- and EAST-facing Walls Shrubs suitable for Ground Cover Trees and Shrubs of Upright or Fastigiate Habit Trees and Shrubs with Ornamental Bark or Twigs Trees and Shrubs with Bold Foliage Trees and Shrubs for Autumn Colour Trees and Shrubs with Red or Purple Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Golden or Yellow Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Grey or Silver Foliage Trees and Shrubs with Variegated Foliage Trees and Shrubs bearing Ornamental Fruit Trees and Shrubs with Fragrant or Scented Flowers Trees and Shrubs with Aromatic Foliage Flowering Trees and Shrubs for Every Month:- |
|
.jpg){kind=link}
_IMG_3067.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg?uselang=en-gb){kind=link}
Copied from |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soil contains living material that requires the right structure and organic material to provide food for plants. If the structure of the soil tends towards a loam of about 20-50% sand, silt and 20 - 40% clay with a pH between 6 and 7.5, then this suitable for a high proportion of plants. Otherwise an application of a mulch of sand and horticultural grit for clay, or clay and horticultural grit for sand, is required to improve plant growth. If an annual mulch of organic material (Spent Mushroom Compost, Cow Manure, Horse Manure does contain weed seeds and should only be used under hedges or ground-covering trees/shrubs) is applied of 100mm (4”) thickness to the soil, then the living material in the soil can continue their role of feeding the plants. This mulch will stop the ground drying out due to wind or sun having direct access to the ground surface. The annual loss of organic matter from soils in cool humid climates is about 6lbs per square metre. If there is also a drip-feed irrigation system under the mulch (which is used for 4 continuous hours a week - when there is no rain that week from April to September), then the living material can get their food delivered in solution or suspension. If the prunings from your garden are shredded (or reduced to 4” lengths) and then applied as a mulch to your flower beds or hedges, followed by 0.5” depth of grass mowings on top; this will also provide a start for improvement of your soil. The 0.5" layer can be applied again after a fortnight; when the aerobic composting stage (the aerobic composting creates heat and 0.5" - 1 cm - thickness does not become too hot to harm the plants next to it) has been completed during the summer. Anaerobic (without using air) composting then completes the process. Application of Seaweed Meal for Trace Elements and other chemicals required to replenish what has been used by the plants in the previous year for application in Spring are detailed in the How are Chemicals stored and released from Soil? page.
You normally eat and drink at least 3 times every day to keep you growing, healthy and active; plants also require to eat and drink every day. Above 5 degrees Celcius plants tend to grow above ground and below 5 degrees Celcius they tend to grow their roots underground. 2 minor points to remember with their result-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Soils and their Treatment
Soil Improvement |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Copied from |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
and • Watering Schedule - Far and away the best course of action against slugs in your garden is a simple adjustment in the watering schedule. Slugs are most active at night and are most efficient in damp conditions. Avoid watering your garden in the evening if you have a slug problem. Water in the morning - the surface soil will be dry by evening. Studies show this can reduce slug damage by 80%.
• Seaweed - If you have access to seaweed, it's well worth the effort to gather. Seaweed is not only a good soil amendment for the garden, it's a natural repellent for slugs. Mulch with seaweed around the base of plants or perimeter of bed. Pile it on 3" to 4" thick - when it dries it will shrink to just an inch or so deep. Seaweed is salty and slugs avoid salt. Push the seaweed away from plant stems so it's not in direct contact. During hot weather, seaweed will dry and become very rough which also deters the slugs.
• Copper - Small strips of copper can be placed around flower pots or raised beds as obstructions for slugs to crawl over. Cut 2" strips of thin copper and wrap around the lower part of flower pots, like a ribbon. Or set the strips in the soil on edge, making a "fence" for the slugs to climb. Check to make sure no vegetation hangs over the copper which might provide a 'bridge' for the slugs. Copper barriers also work well around wood barrels used as planters.
• Diatomaceous Earth - Diatomaceous earth (Also known as "Insect Dust") is the sharp, jagged skeletal remains of microscopic creatures. It lacerates soft-bodied pests, causing them to dehydrate. A powdery granular material, it can be sprinkled around garden beds or individual plants, and can be mixed with water to make a foliar spray.
• Electronic "slug fence" - An electronic slug fence is a non-toxic, safe method for keeping slugs out of garden or flower beds. The Slugs Away fence is a 24-foot long, 5" ribbon-like barrier that runs off a 9 volt battery. When a slug or snail comes in contact with the fence, it receives a mild static sensation that is undetectable to animals and humans. This does not kill the slug, it cause it to look elsewhere for forage. The battery will power the fence for about 8 months before needing to be replaced. Extension kits are availabe for increased coverage. The electronic fence will repel slugs and snails, but is harmless to people and pets.
• Lava Rock - Like diatomaceous earth, the abrasive surface of lava rock will be avoided by slugs. Lava rock can be used as a barrier around plantings, but should be left mostly above soil level, otherwise dirt or vegetation soon forms a bridge for slugs to cross.
• Salt - If all else fails, go out at night with the salt shaker and a flashlight. Look at the plants which have been getting the most damage and inspect the leaves, including the undersides. Sprinkle a bit of salt on the slug and it will kill it quickly. Not particularly pleasant, but use as a last resort. (Note: some sources caution the use of salt, as it adds a toxic element to the soil. This has not been our experience, especially as very little salt is used.)
• Beer - Slugs are attracted to beer. Set a small amount of beer in a shallow wide jar buried in the soil up to its neck. Slugs will crawl in and drown. Take the jar lid and prop it up with a small stick so rain won't dilute the beer. Leave space for slugs to enter the trap.
• Overturned Flowerpots, Grapefruit Halves, Board on Ground - Overturned flowerpots, with a stone placed under the rim to tilt it up a bit, will attract slugs. Leave overnight, and you'll find the slugs inside in the morning. Grapefruit halves work the same way, with the added advantage of the scent of the fruit as bait.
• Garlic-based slug repellents
Laboratory tests at the University of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne (UK) revealed that a highly refined garlic product (ECOguard produced by ECOspray Ltd, a British company that makes organic pesticides) was an effective slug killer. Look for garlic-based slug deterrents which will be emerging under various brand names, as well as ECOguard.
• Coffee grounds; new caffeine-based slug/snail poisons - Coffee grounds scattered on top of the soil will deter slugs. The horticultural side effects of using strong grounds such as espresso on the garden, however, are less certain. When using coffee grounds, moderation is advised. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
UKButterflies Larval Foodplants website page lists the larval foodplants used by British butterflies. The name of each foodplant links to a Google search. An indication of whether the foodplant is a primary or secondary food source is also given. Please note that the Butterfly you see for only a short time has grown up on plants as an egg, caterpillar and chrysalis for up to 11 months, before becoming a butterfly. If the plants that they live on during that time are removed, or sprayed with herbicide, then you will not see the butterfly. |
||||
Plants used by the Butterflies follow the Plants used by the Egg, Caterpillar and Chrysalis as stated in |
||||
Plant Name |
Butterfly Name |
Egg/ Caterpillar/ Chrysalis/ Butterfly |
Plant Usage |
Plant Usage Months |
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
10 days in May-June |
||
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
||
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
||
Egg, |
1 egg at base of plant. |
Late August-April |
||
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
||
Egg, |
1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts. |
7 days in June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts. |
7 days in June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower. |
7 days in August. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
10 days in May-June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
2 weeks |
||
Cabbages - Large White eats all cruciferous plants, such as cabbages, mustard, turnips, radishes, cresses, nasturtiums, wild mignonette and dyer's weed |
Egg,
|
40-100 eggs on both surfaces of leaf. |
May-June and August-Early September. 4.5-17 days. |
|
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf. |
May-June and August. 7 days. |
||
Cabbages:- |
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf. |
July or August; hatches in 3 days. |
|
Cabbages:- |
Egg, |
1 egg laid in the tight buds and flowers. |
May-June 7 days. |
|
Cherry with |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
|
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
10 days in May-June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
6 days in May-June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
|
||
|
(Common CowWheat, Field CowWheat) |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 16 days in June. |
|
Currants |
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
|
|
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
||
Dog Violet with |
Egg, |
1 egg on oak or pine tree trunk |
15 days in July. |
|
Dog Violet with |
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf or stem. |
Hatches after 15 days in May-June. |
|
Dog Violet with |
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf or stem. |
Hatches after 10 days in May-June. |
|
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
||
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
||
False Brome is a grass (Wood Brome, Wood False-brome and Slender False-brome) |
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
... |
|
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts. |
7 days in June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf or stem. |
Hatches after 10 days in May-June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower. |
7 days in August. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. 5 or 6 eggs may be deposited by separate females on one leaf. |
14 days in July-August. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg laid in the tight buds and flowers. |
May-June 7 days. |
||
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
||
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
|
||
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
1 then |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg at base of plant. |
Late August-April. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
10 days in May-June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
2 weeks |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
6 days in May-June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf. |
May-June and August. 7 days. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. 5 or 6 eggs may be deposited by separate females on one leaf. |
14 days in July-August. |
||
Narrow-leaved Plantain (Ribwort Plantain) |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 16 days in June. |
|
Narrow-leaved Plantain (Ribwort Plantain) |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 16 days in June. |
|
Nasturtium from Gardens |
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf. |
May-June and August. 7 days. |
|
Egg, |
1 egg on tree trunk |
15 days in July. |
||
Mountain pansy, |
Egg, Chrysalis |
1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower. |
7 days in August. 3 weeks in September |
|
Egg, |
1 egg on tree trunk. |
15 days in July. |
||
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
||
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
||
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
||
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
|
||
Egg, |
1 egg laid under the leaf or on top of the flower. |
7 days in August. |
||
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
||
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 16 days in June. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of a flower bud on its stalk. |
7 days. |
||
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
|
||
Egg, |
1 egg under leaf. |
|
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
2 weeks |
||
Trefoils 1, 2, 3 |
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
6 days in May-June. |
|
Egg, |
Groups of eggs on upper side of leaf. |
- |
||
Egg, |
1 egg laid on underside of leaflets or bracts. |
7 days in June. |
||
Violets:- |
Egg, |
1 egg on underside of leaf or on stalk. |
July-August for 17 days. |
|
Violets:- |
Egg, |
1 egg on stem or stalk near plant base. |
July to hatch in 8 months in March. |
|
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. |
2 weeks. |
||
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
||
Egg, |
1 egg on leaf. 5 or 6 eggs may be deposited by separate females on one leaf. |
14 days in July-August. |
||
Willow |
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches encircling the branch of the food plant. |
Hatches after 18-22 days in April. |
|
Egg, |
Eggs laid in batches on the under side of the leaves. |
Hatches after 20 days in July. |
||
Plants used by the Butterflies |
||||
Plant Name |
Butterfly Name |
Egg/ Caterpillar/ Chrysalis/ Butterfly |
Plant Usage |
Plant Usage Months |
Asters |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
|
|
Runner and Broad Beans in fields and gardens |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-June or July-September. |
|
Aubretia in gardens |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November |
|
Butterfly |
Eats sap exuding from trunk. |
April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
20 days. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June |
||
Holly Blue |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation. |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
||
Buddleias |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
|
Wood White |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June. |
|
Cabbage and cabbages in fields |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-June or July-September. |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
July-October |
||
Adonis Blue |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
1 Month during Mid-May to Mid-June or during August-September |
|
Pale Clouded Yellow |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November |
|
Cow-wheat |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June-July |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
3 weeks between May and September |
||
Germander Speedwell (Veronica chamaedrys - Birdseye Speedwell) |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June-July |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
30 days in May-June. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-September |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
May-June for 18 days. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
1 Month. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
||
Painted Lady |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
July-October. |
|
Marigolds in gardens |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June or August till killed by frost and damp in September-November |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
1 Month during Mid-May to Mid-June or during August-September. |
||
Michaelmas Daisies |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-June or July-September. |
||
Narrow-leaved Plantain (Ribwort Plantain) |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June-July |
|
Nasturtiums in gardens |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
April-June or July-September |
|
Butterfly |
Eats sap exuding from trunk. |
April-Mid June and Mid July-Early September for second generation. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
May-June. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
July-October. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
July-May |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
7 weeks in July-August. |
||
Comma |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
July-October. |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
3 weeks between May and September |
||
Trefoils 1, 2, 3 |
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
1 Month during Mid-May to Mid-June or during August-September |
|
Butterfly |
Eats nectar. |
20 days in August. |
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June.
|
||
Butterfly |
Eats nectar |
June-July |
||
Apple/Pear/Cherry/Plum Fruit Tree Blossom in Spring |
Butterfly |
Eats Nectar |
April-May |
|
Rotten Fruit |
Butterfly |
Drinks juice |
July-September |
|
Tree sap and damaged ripe fruit, which are high in sugar |
Butterfly |
Hibernates inside hollow trees or outhouses until March. Eats sap or fruit juice until April. |
10 months in June-April |
|
Wild Flowers |
Large Skipper |
Butterfly |
Eats Nectar |
June-August |
Links to the other Butterflies:- Black Hairstreak |
Topic - Wildlife on Plant Photo Gallery. Some UK native butterflies eat material from UK Native Wildflowers and live on them as eggs, caterpillars (Large Skipper eats False Brome grass - Brachypodium sylvaticum - for 11 months from July to May as a Caterpillar before becoming a Chrysalis within 3 weeks in May) chrysalis or butterflies ALL YEAR ROUND. |
Wild Flower Family Page (the families within "The Pocket Guide to Wild Flowers" by David McClintock & R.S.R. Fitter, Published in 1956 They are not in Common Name alphabetical order and neither are the common names of the plants detailed within each family. The information in the above book is back-referenced to the respective page in "Flora of the British Isles" by A.R. Clapham of University of Sheffield, |
||
When you look at the life history graphs of each of the 68 butterflies of Britain, you will see that they use plants throughout all 12 months - the information of what plant is used by the egg, caterpillar, chrysalis or butterfly is also given in the above first column.
THE LIFE AND DEATH OF A FLAILED CORNISH HEDGE - This details that life and death from July 1972 to 2019, with the following result:- End note, June 2008. I hear spring vetch has been officially recorded somewhere in West Cornwall and confirmed as a presence in the county, so perhaps I can be permitted to have seen it pre-1972 in the survey mile. I wonder where they found it? It's gone from hedges where it used to be, along with other scarcities and so-called scarcities that used to flourish in so many hedges unrecorded, before the flail arrived. I have given careful thought to including mention of some of the plants and butterflies. So little seems to be known of the species resident in Cornish hedges pre-flail that I realise some references may invite scepticism. I am a sceptic myself, so sympathise with the reaction; but I have concluded that, with a view to re-establishing vulnerable species, it needs to be known that they can with the right management safely and perpetually thrive in ordinary Cornish hedges. In future this knowledge could solve the increasingly difficult question of sufficient and suitable sites for sustainable wild flower and butterfly conservation - as long as it is a future in which the hedge-flail does not figure.
CHECK-LIST OF TYPES OF CORNISH HEDGE FLORA by Sarah Carter of Cornish Hedges Library:-
Titles of papers available on www.cornishhedges.co.uk:-
THE GUILD OF CORNISH HEDGERS is the non-profit-making organisation founded in 2002 to support the concern among traditional hedgers about poor standards of workmanship in Cornish hedging today. The Guild has raised public awareness of Cornwall's unique heritage of hedges and promoted free access to the Cornish Hedges Library, the only existing source of full and reliable written knowledge on Cornish hedges." |
||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Recommended Plants for Wildlife in different situations
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
From the Ivydene Gardens Box to Crowberry Wild Flower Families Gallery: |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Bumblebee Pages website is divided into five major areas:
FORCED INDOOR BULBS in Window Box Gardens. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Theme |
Plants |
Comments |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Thyme |
Thymus praecox, wild thyme Thymus pulegioides Thymus leucotrichus Thymus citriodorus |
Thymes make a very fragrant, easy to care for windowbox, and an excellent choice for windy sites. The flower colour will be pinky/purple, and you can eat the leaves if your air is not too polluted. Try to get one variegated thyme to add a little colour when there are no flowers. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Herb |
Sage, mint, chives, thyme, rosemary |
Get the plants from the herb section of the supermarket, so you can eat the leaves. Do not include basil as it need greater fertility than the others. Pot the rosemary up separately if it grows too large. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mints |
Mentha longifolia, horse mint Mentha spicata, spear mint Mentha pulgium, pennyroyal Mentha piperita, peppermint Mentha suaveolens, apple mint |
Mints are fairly fast growers, so you could start this box with seed. They are thugs, though, and will very soon be fighting for space. So you will either have to thin and cut back or else you will end up with one species - the strongest. The very best mint tea I ever had was in Marrakesh. A glass full of fresh mint was placed in front of me, and boiling water was poured into it. Then I was given a cube of sugar to hold between my teeth while I sipped the tea. Plant this box and you can have mint tea for months. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heather |
Too many to list See Heather Shrub gallery |
For year-round colour try to plant varieties that flower at different times of year. Heather requires acid soils, so fertilise with an ericaceous fertilser, and plant in ericaceous compost. Cut back after flowering and remove the cuttings. It is best to buy plants as heather is slow growing. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Blue |
Ajuga reptans, bugle Endymion non-scriptus, bluebell Myosotis spp., forget-me-not Pentaglottis sempervirens, alkanet |
This will give you flowers from March till July. The bluebells should be bought as bulbs, as seed will take a few years to flower. The others can be started from seed. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yellow |
Anthyllis vulneraria, kidney vetch Geum urbanum, wood avens Lathryus pratensis, meadow vetchling Linaria vulgaris, toadflax Lotus corniculatus, birdsfoot trefoil Primula vulgaris, primrose Ranunculus acris, meadow buttercup Ranunculus ficaria, lesser celandine |
These will give you flowers from May to October, and if you include the primrose, from February. Try to include a vetch as they can climb or trail so occupy the space that other plants can't. All can be grown from seed. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
White |
Trifolium repens, white clover Bellis perennis, daisy Digitalis purpurea alba, white foxglove Alyssum maritimum Redsea odorata, mignonette |
All can be grown from seed. The clover and daisy will have to be cut back as they will take over. The clover roots add nitrogen to the soil. The mignonette flower doesn't look very special, but the fragrance is wonderful, and the alyssum smells of honey. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pink |
Lychnis flos-cucli, ragged robin Scabiosa columbaria, small scabious Symphytum officinale, comfrey |
The comfrey will try to take over. Its leaves make an excellent fertiliser, and are very good on the compost heap, though windowbox gardeners rarely have one. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fragrant |
Lonicera spp., honeysuckle Alyssum maritimum Redsea odorata, mignonette Lathyrus odoratus, sweet pea |
The sweet pea will need twine or something to climb up, so is suitable if you have sliding windows or window that open inwards. You will be rewarded by a fragrant curtain every time you open your window. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Spring bulbs and late wildflowers |
Galanthus nivalis, snowdrop Narcissus pseudonarcissus, narcissius Crocus purpureus, crocus Cyclamen spp. |
The idea of this box is to maximize your space. The bulbs (cyclamen has a corm) will flower and do their stuff early in the year. After flowering cut the heads off as you don't want them making seed, but leave the leaves as they fatten up the bulbs to store energy for next year. The foliage of the wildflowers will hide the bulb leaves to some extent. Then the wildflowers take over and flower till autumn |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aster spp., Michaelmas daisy Linaria vulgaris, toadflax Lonicera spp., honeysuckle Succisa pratensis, devil's bit scabious Mentha pulgium, pennyroyal |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bee Garden in Europe or North America |
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plants for moths (including larval food plants and adult nectar sources) from Gardens for Wildlife - Practical advice on how to attract wildlife to your garden by Martin Walters as an Aura Garden Guide. Published in 2007 - ISBN 978 1905765041:- |
Marjoram - Origanum officinale |
"On average, 2 gardeners a year die in the UK as a result of poisonous plants. Those discussed in this blog illustrate a range of concerns that should be foremost in the designer’s mind." from Pages on poisonous plants in this website:- |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Wildlife-friendly Show Gardens
Many of our gardens at Natural Surroundings demonstrate what you can do at home to encourage wildlife in your garden:-
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ivydene Gardens Water Fern to Yew Wild Flower Families Gallery: |
Only Wildflowers detailed in the following Wildflower Colour Pages |
|
|||||||||||||||
Jan |
Feb |
Mar |
Apr |
May |
Jun |
Jul |
Aug |
Sep |
Oct |
Nov |
Dec |
||||||
1 |
Blue |
||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
Cream |
||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
White A-D |
||||||||||||||||
1 Yellow |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
|||||||||||||||||
1 |
Flowering plants of |
||||||||||||||||
1 |
Flowering plants of |
||||||||||||||||
The following table shows the linkages for the information about the plants
|
|||||||||||||
STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY |
|||||||||||||
Private Garden Design:- |
|||||||||||||
|
|
<---- |
Yes |
|
No |
Cannot be bothered. |
|||||||
|
|
At Home with Gard-ening Area |
|
|
Balcony Garden or Roof Garden |
|
Grow flowers for flower arranging and vegetables on Balcony Garden or Roof Garden |
Pan Plant Back-grou-nd Colour |
STAGE 3b |
||||
| |
|
| |
Outside Garden |
Pan, Trough and Window-Box Odds and Sods |
|||||||||
|
| |
Kinds of Pan Plants that may be split up and tucked in Corners and Crevices |
| |
||||||||||
| |
|||||||||||||
| |
|||||||||||||
| |
|||||||||||||
Trough and Window-box plants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 |
Pan Plant |
| |
|||||||||||
You need to know the following:- |
|||||||||||||
A) Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers List leads onto the |
|
Human Prob-lems |
|
Blind, |
|
||||||||
|
|
|
|
Garden Style, which takes into account the Human Problems above |
|
||||||||
|
Classic Mixed Style |
|
Cottage Garden Style |
|
. |
|
Naturalistic Style |
Formal English Garden |
|||||
|
Mediterranean Style |
|
Meadow and Corn-field |
|
. |
|
Paving and Gravel inland, |
||||||
|
|
|
|
Problem Sites within your chosen Garden Style from the above |
|
||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
Exce-ssively Hot, Sunny and Dry Site is suitable for Drought Resistant Plants |
Excessively Wet Soil - especially when caused by poor drainage |
|||||
Control of Pests (Aphids, Rabbits, Deer, Mice, Mole, Snails) / Disease by Companion Planting in Garden |
Whether your Heavy Clay or Light Sandy / Chalk Soil is excessively Alkaline (limy) / Acidic or not, then there is an Action Plan for you to do with your soil, which will improve its texture to make its structure into a productive soil instead of it returning to being just sand, chalk, silt or clay. |
|
. |
|
Problems caused by builders:- 1. Lack of soil on top of builders rubble in garden of just built house. |
||||||||
In planning your beds for your garden, before the vertical hard-landscaping framework and the vertical speciman planting is inserted into your soft landscaping plan, the following is useful to consider:- |
|||||||||||||
Reasons for stopping infilling of Sense of Fragrance section on 28/07/2016 at end of Sense of Fragrance from Stephen Lacey Page. From September 2017 will be creating the following new pages on Sense of Fragrance using Scented Flora of the World by Roy Genders. |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
After you have selected your vertical hard-landscaping framework and the vertical speciman plants for each bed or border, you will need to infill with plants taking the following into account:- |
|
|
|
||||||||||
Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders Flower Perfume Group:- |
Flower Perfume Group:- |
Flower Perfume Group:- |
Leaf Perfume Group:- |
Scent of Wood, Bark and Roots Group:-
Scent of Fungi Group:- |
|||||||||
Sense of Sight |
Emotion of |
Emotion of |
|
. |
Emotion of |
Emotion of Intellectual versus Emotional |
Sense of Touch |
Sense of Taste |
Sense of Sound |
||||
|
|
STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 for |
|
|
|||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
STAGE 3a ALL , 3 AND 4 PLANTS INDEX GALLERIES with pages of content (o) |
|||||||||||||
Plant Type |
ABC |
DEF |
GHI |
JKL |
MNO |
PQR |
STU |
VWX |
YZ |
||||
Alpine in Evergreen Perennial, |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
||||||||
Annual/ Biennial |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
|||||||||||
Bedding, 25 |
|||||||||||||
Bulb, 746 with Use, Flower Colour/Shape of |
|||||||||||||
Climber 71 Clematis, 58 other Climbers with Use, Flower Colour and Shape |
|||||||||||||
1 (o) |
|||||||||||||
Deciduous Shrub 43 with Use and Flower Colour |
|||||||||||||
1 (o) |
|||||||||||||
Evergreen Perennial 104 with Use, Flower Colour, Flower Shape and Number of Petals |
|||||||||||||
Evergreen Shrub 46, Semi-Evergreen Shrub and Heather 74 with Use and Flower Colour |
1 (o) |
1 (o) |
|||||||||||
1 (o) |
|||||||||||||
Fern with 706 ferns |
|||||||||||||
1 (o) |
|||||||||||||
Herbaceous Perennial 91, |
1 (o) |
||||||||||||
Rose with 720 roses within Flower Colour, Flower Shape, Rose Petal Count and Rose Use |
|||||||||||||
Sub-Shrub |
|||||||||||||
Wildflower 1918 with |
|||||||||||||
Finally, you might be advised to check that the adjacent plants to the one you have chosen for that position in a flower bed are suitable; by checking the entry in Companion Planting - like clicking A page for checking Abies - and Pest Control page if you have a pest to control in this part of the flower bed. |
|||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||
STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY |
|||||||||||||
STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 Reference books for these galleries in Table on left |
|||||||||||||
STAGE 3a ALL PLANTS INDEX GALLERY |
|||||||||||||
STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY |
|||||||||||||
Since 2006, I have requested photos etc from the Mail-Order Nurseries in the UK and later from the rest of the World. Few nurseries have responded.
with the aid of further information from other books, magazines and cross-checking on the internet. |
|||||||||||||