Ivydene Gardens Stage 2 - Infill Plants Index Gallery:
Aquatic - Oxygenating Weeds

Ivydene Gardens Stage 2 - Infill Plants Index Gallery:
Aquatic - Oxygenating Weeds

Botanical Plant Name

with link to
UK or
European Union
mail-order supplier for you to contact to buy this plant

Flower Colour

Sun Aspect of Full Sun,
Part Shade, Full Shade

with link to external website for photo/data

Flowering Months

with row in each month that it flowers in that colour in
STAGE 4A
12 BLOOM COLOURS PER MONTH INDEX GALLERY/

with link to
USA or
Canada
mail-order supplier

Height with Spacings or Width (W) in inches (cms)

1 inch =
2.5 cms
12 inches = 30 cms
40 inches = 100 cms

Foliage Colour


with row in relevant pages that it has foliage of that colour in
STAGE 4B
12 FOLIAGE COLOURS PER MONTH INDEX GALLERY
or
Background Colour nearest to middle-aged leaf colour from 212 foliage colours /

followed by
Soil Moisture:-
Dry,
Moist,
Wet

with link to Australia or New Zealand mail-order supplier

with data for rows in
STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY and
STAGE 4D
SHAPE, FORM INDEX GALLERY
Pages

Plant Type is:-

A for Aquatic
Ann for Annual / Biennial

Ba for Bamboo

Bu for Bulb

Cl for Climber

Co for Conifer

F for Fern

G for Grass

H for Herb

P for Perennial

Rh for Rhodo-dendron, Azalea, Camellia

Ro for Rose

Sh for Shrub

So for Soft Fruit

To for Top Fruit

Tr for Tree

V for Vegetable

W for Wildflower

followed by:-
E for Evergreen,
D for Deciduous,
H for Herbaceous,
Alpine for being an Alpine as well as being 1 of above Plant Type /

 

Acid for Acidic,
Alk for Alkaline,
Any for AnySoil

 

with links to
STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES
1, 2, 3 and
STAGE 3
ALL PLANTS INDEX GALLERIES
1, 2 pages
 

Comments

Adjacent Planting

Plant Associations

It is sad to reflect that in England so few gardens open to the public label their plants or label them so that the label is visible when that plant is in flower, so that visitors can identify; and then later locate and purchase that plant.

Few mail-order nurseries provide the detail as shown in my rose or heather galleries.

If you want to sell a product, it is best to display it. When I sold my Transit van, I removed its signage, cleaned it and took photos of the inside and outside before putting them onto an advert in Autotrader amongst more than 2000 other Transit vans - it was sold in 20 minutes.

If mail-order nurseries could put photos to the same complexity from start of the year to its end with the different foliage colours and stages of flowering on Wikimedia Commons, then the world could view the plant before buying it, and idiots like me would have valid material to work with.

I have been in the trade (until ill health forced my Sole Trader retirement in 2013) working in designing, constructing and maintaining private gardens for decades and since 2005 when this site was started, I have asked any nursery in the world to supply photos. R.V. Roger in Yorkshire allowed me to use his photos from his website in 2007 and when I got a camera to spend 5 days in July 2014 at my expense taking photos of his roses growing in his nursery field, whilst his staff was propagating them. I gave him a copy of those photos.

Elodea canadensis (Canadian Water Weed)

Invasive species in Scotland - Should not be released in the wild. Dispose of garden and pond waste responsibily. Check vehicles, boats, equipment and clothing for plant fragments when leaving infested sites and clean if necessary.

"Elodea canadensis (Canadian pond weed)

included for information only, once the staple plant sold everywhere it has now been largely replaced by Lagarosiphon, which is bushier, greener and (slightly) less invasive, but still not native. I don't sell this one and don't recommend it." from Devon Pond Plants.

Which is usually the most rampant? Elodea canadensis. Which makes the neatest carpet of growth? Elodea canadensis. Both answers are true if the questions are asked 2 or 3 years apart. Growth is fast and furious in a new pond because of the mineral-rich environment, but as nutrients are consumed growth settles down to a more sedate level.

("Elodea provides habitat for many small aquatic animals, which fish and wildlife eat. Geese, ducks, and swans are particularly attracted to this plant.
Problems

Dense populations of plants reduce the water temperature and oxygen concentrations when plants die in late summer. However, dense growth of this plant can create a nuisance, and its closed, compact structure is not ideal fish habitat." from Aquatic Biologists, Inc - further details below)

Canadian Waterweed, Elodea canadensis (with enlarged cross section of a single whorl). In this instance, the leaves are relatively long and narrow (four times longer than wide). There are also specimens with stockier leaves. By Denis Barthel via Wikimedia Commons

Elodea crispa (Lagarosiphon major)

Supplier in UK
 

"Lagarosiphon major is synonymous with "Elodea crispa", a name that is often used by those using the plant in aquaria (Mason, 1960). The English common name "oxygen weed" refers to the species ability to "oxygenate" the water, however, the dense mats of vegetation that are characteristic of this species when introduced outside of its native range actually decrease the oxygen levels by limiting water circulation and increasing decomposition. It is also referred to by the common name "curly waterweed".
Summary of Invasiveness
L. major is an aquatic, submerged plant that can grow in dense mats up to 2-3m thick and cause many negative environmental and economic impacts. Some of these impacts include displacing native plant species, decreasing water quality, reducing biodiversity, blocking hydroelectric intakes, impeding recreational activities, and diminishing aesthetic value. L. major is very difficult to control, and its ability to form new plants vegetatively facilitates its spread to new locations. The trade and potential escape of L. major through the aquarium and water garden industry plays a large role in its spread to new locations (Natural Heritage Trust, 2003), as does the transportation of this plant on recreational equipment moving between water bodies (Cronk and Fuller, 1995). L. major is declared a noxious weed in New Zealand (Winterton and Scher, 2007), the United States (USDA-PPQ, 2006), and is on the Alert List for Environmental Weeds in Australia (Natural Heritage Trust, 2003). L. major is already well established in New Zealand and parts of Europe. Other species of the family Hydrocharitaceae also have the potential to become invasive, and Elodea canadensis, Egeria densa, and Hydrilla verticillata, have been recorded as problematic outside of their native range." from African Elodea (Lagarosiphon major) A Technical Review of Distribution, Ecology, Impacts, and Management. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Bureau of Science Services, Wisconsin, USA.

Elodea crispa makes long dark green ropes of growth;

(Lagarosiphon major (formerly Elodea crispa) the most commonly seen oxygenator for sale as it has a long season of availablility; fast growing and easy to please; ideal for goldfish ponds but not natural ponds with a clay bottom. Not native but widely naturalised.)

Potamogeton crispus (Curly Pondweed in the Pondweed Family)

Supplier in UK
 

"Forms dense mats that inhibit growth of native species and impede recreational activities (Catling and Dobson 1985)" from National Invasive Species Information Center of United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Library.

Potamogeton crispus has bronzy crinkled leaves with a seaweedy look about them;

(Potamogeton crispus (curled pond weed) attractive bronzy ruffled leaves on branched stems make this a very attractive plant. This one roots strongly and sometimes needs control in larger ponds. Brittle in summer so can’t be posted then; buy when water is cooler.)

Potamogeton crispus

Deutsch: Krauses Laichkraut; fotografiert auf einem Badesteg im Trenntsee bei Sternberg in Mecklenburg. By Botaurus via Wikimedia Commons

Myriophyllum spicatum (Spiked Water-Milfoil in the Water-Milfoil Family)

Supplier in UK
 

"In eastern Washington milfoil interferes with power generation and irrigation by clogging water intakes. The sheer mass of plants can cause flooding and the stagnant mats can create good habitat for mosquitoes. Milfoil mats can rob oxygen from the water by preventing the wind from mixing the oxygenated surface waters to deeper water. Milfoil management costs the state and private individuals up-to-one million dollars per year." from Non-Native Invasive freshwater Plants by Department of Ecology, State of Washington, USA.

Myriophyllum spicatum is invariably described as feathery.

(Myriophyllum spicatum (spiked water milfoil) a fast growing type with soft leaf filaments, ideal for spawning fish and newtswith leaflets arranged like fishbones arranged around a central rib.)

Ähren-Tausendblatt Myriophyllum spicatum. By Kristian Peters -- Fabelfroh 10:43, 2 March 2006 (UTC) via Wikimedia Commons

Fontinalis antipyretica (Greater Water-moss, Willow Moss)

Supplier in UK
Supplier in USA

Fontinalis (Willow Moss) makes dark green compact clumps and likes to grow with its wiry roots attached to stone, brickwork, concrete or pebbles; it tolerates more shade than the rest.

(Fontinalis antipyretica (Willow moss) another plant which prefers cooler water conditions, with fine multi-branched stems. Will grow to a significant depth in clear water but is easily swamped by blanket weed in rich water.)

These have no flowers that a gardener would recognise, but the 2 following oxygenators do:-

Ranunculus aquatilis (Water Crowfoot in the Buttercup Family)

Supplier in UK
Supplier in USA

Ranunculus aquatilis, the Water Crowfoot, produces a mass of small white flowers just above the surface.

(Ranunculus aquatilis (water crowfoot) a very variable plant, which has long branched stems rooted at the bottom. Can form large stands where it is happy, but does prefer clean moving water. Has the benefit of small white flowers with yellow centres in summer.)

This photo shows the Ranunculus aquatilis. I took the photo in May 2004 on Schouwen-Duiveland, Netherlands. By ‪TeunSpaans via Wikimedia Commons

Hottonia palustris (Water Violet in the Primrose Family)

Supplier in UK
Supplier in USA

Hottonia palustris, or Water Violet, raises spikes of pale lilac flowers. They are far from showy and the fresh light green foliage is what makes it worth growing, since it is at its freshest in late winter and in the autumn.

(An attractive fern like foliage with pretty pink flowers. A pretty native oxygenator which likes calm shallow water. The white-mauve flowers appear in May-June. It is happy in shade or semi-shade. Provides a good hiding place for larvae and basking sites for adult dragonflies.

Planting position: Can grow submerged in depths up to 60cm deep when established; but plant at depths of 10cm at first planting)

Water Violet in Kirchwerder, Hamburg. By Aiwok via Wikimedia Commons

Vallisneria spiralis (Eel Grass or Tape-Grass in the Frog-Bit Family)

Supplier in UK
Supplier in USA

Vallisneria spiralis (Eel Grass or Tape Grass) and Cabomba aquatica are 2 oxygenators that grow well outdoors in many parts of the United States, but do not flourish in Britain except in aquariums.

(Vallisneria spiralis 'Tiger' from Asia is an excellent plant for beginners, growing in virtually all light and water conditions. The name 'Tiger' is due to its striped leaves (30-50 cm long, 1-2 cm wide). The relatively short leaves make it suitable for small aquariums, and the leaves are also narrow so they do not overshadow smaller plants. Forms runners easily, and is thus easy to propagate.)

(Cabomba Likes Ponds:  In full sun in an outdoor pond, cabomba grows like a weed.  It even produces a yellow floweret.  It makes a great oxygenator IF there are no goldfish or koi in the pond.  It grows so thick in lakes that it interferes with boating and swimming.  That's why cabomba is illegal in many states.  Do not toss your unwanted cabomba in a nearby lake.  Some states want you to dry it out and burn it if you decide to dispose of your cabomba.)

Cabomba aquatica

Supplier in UK
Supplier in USA

Cabomba aquatica Aubl. By Alex Popovkin, Bahia, Brazil via Wikimedia Commons

Ceratophyllum demersum (Hornwort in the Hornwort Family)

Supplier in UK
Supplier in USA

The one type that really can be 'just dropped in' is Ceratophyllum (Hornwort). It produces a dense growth of foliage bristly enough to discourage browsing goldfish.

This plant doesn’t root into the bottom and simply grows loose near the bottom of the pond and among other plants. Ideal for smaller ponds as it doesn’t become invasive.

Ceratophyllum demersum, Schwäbisch-Fränkische Waldberge, Germany. By My name (Bernd Haynold) must be clearly visible close to the picture!
Meine Name (Bernd Haynold) muß in unmittelbarer Nähe des Bildes als Fotograf genannt werden! via Wikimedia Commons

Aquatic Biologists Inc in USA:-

Aquatic Biologists, Inc. (founded in 1977 and also known as ABI) is a full service lake and pond management company, providing the most complete array of aquatic products and services available. ABI's on site lake and pond management services are available throughout Wisconsin, Northern Illinois, and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan and currently manage over 3000 lakes and ponds each year.

Our commercial applicators are licensed, degreed, certified and insured. ABI's team of experienced and knowledgeable biologists utilize the latest techniques, products and tools to formulate practical management plans designed to improve and maintain healthy aquatic ecosystems for years to come. A key method for maintaining these resources in most cases is aeration along with aquatic plants, fish, bacteria and enzymes. By using these natural methods ABI can reduce and/or eliminate the use of algaecides and herbicides. In addition, we offer many unique products to aid in solving water related problems.

ABI consults on most aspects of lake and pond management, from design to maintenance. It is one of the most important services that we provide. Aquatic Biologists, Inc. biologists are available by appointment for personal on-site inspection and consultation. Our clients include private pond owners, corporations, cities, parks, campgrounds, lake associations, golf courses and drinking water reservoirs.

Devon Pond Plants in UK:-

"I am David Kerr and I have been a keen gardener and plantsman all my life. I have been growing and selling aquatic plants for over 30 years and have also previously owned a trout farm for 15 years where I sold rainbow and brown trout together with koi carp and other ornamental fish, coarse fish and trout. I now specialise in plants for ponds, watersides and other damp places. I can send plants through regular first class mail at the appropriate time of year or plants can be collected from the nursery at any time by prior appointment.
The nursery is not open at regular times to the general public but I would be pleased to accept visitors with prior notice.
Plants that are propagated by division such as named varieties of Iris, Ligularia and Rodgersia are only available as well established over wintered plants.

WHAT WILL I GET FOR MY MONEY?
Unless stated, plants will be of a size you would expect to be sold in a 1 litre pot. A 1 litre pot is 10cm x 10cm x 10cm. Please note that most plants are not actually grown here in pots but in large shallow beds or ponds, they are harvested from here as required, so a section this size centred on a growing point is dug up to be prepared for posting. They are then washed to remove soil and reduce weight for packing. Later in the season, as they grow, leaves and flowering stems have to be trimmed back as many plants are tall. If you wish the plants to be sent untrimmed I can do this at an additional postage cost. Similarly, if you prefer to buy larger clumps and not have them split into individual 1 litre sized pieces I can do this as well.
Please note that mat forming plants like Anagallis and Baldellia do not look much once root washed as there is very little root. These are generally fast growing plants and will soon be away once planted.
Plants with a large rootstock such as Rodgersia will be supplied at a minimum 2 litre equivalent size, hence their higher price bracket.
Water lilies are supplied ex 3 litre pots unless stated; their tubers will have at least one main growing point and should flower the same year as purchased if bought before June. Pygmy lilies are ex 2 litre pots - these lilies are much smaller than standard varieties (duh!); the tuber may be no bigger than the top joint of your thumb. They are slow growing and are only suitable for shallow water up to 30cm deep.
Oxygenators are supplied as industry standard leaded bunches of 8-10 strands, depending on season and bushiness of each strand. Floating plants like frogbit are sold as portions; early in the season these plants are tiny and portions will seem small. Later on, once they get going, portion sizes will look more generous.

Planted 100 litre drums are available for larger projects and where larger and more mature plants are required. These represent a huge saving on buying individual plants, and can be split on site into the size of clumps required. They can be left on site indefinitely if conditions do not favour immediate planting. Please note these are single species containers, it is not practical to mix different plants in the drums."

Puddleplants in UK:-

"We are a family run business with over 15 years experience of growing water plants and running a water garden nursery. Most of our plants are available in plug form which means they can be planted out all year round, except when the ground is frozen, as is the case with most container grown plants. The plants have good root systems established ready to be potted on. We currently have a good selection of marginal plants, which sit in the shallow edge of the pond, and bog plants which prefer damp or boggy conditions, usually found round the outside of the pond or stream edge. We also stock a selection of lilies and oxygenators. Lilies and deep water plants will generally be dispatched as bare root plants.
All our plants will be dispatched with labels and planting instructions to enable you to enjoy the plants to the full. They can be dispatched throughout the year, except when the weather is either exceptionally hot or cold.

Besides individual plants they also sell plant collections for:-

• Marginal
• Bog Garden
• Oxygenator
• Pond
• Barrel

Wildlife collections:-

• Bat Collection (Bog Garden)
• Frog & Tadpole Collection
• Plants for Duck Ponds
• Plants for Pollinators (Bog Garden)
• Plants for Pollinators (Marginal)
• Butterfly & Moth Collection
• Newt Collection
• Deluxe Lifepond plant collection
• Dragon & Damsel fly collection
• Starter Lifepond plant collection
• Bee collection (Marginal)
• Bee collection (Bog garden)

That Fish Place That Pet Place in USA:-

"That Fish Place began in 1973, as a small family owned aquarium store owned by Bernie and Sandy Lebowitz.
Over the years, we have built a reputation as one of the best pet supply companies in the world. People from all over the country shop at our 88,000 square foot, Lancaster, PA super store. Our huge fish room includes over 700 aquariums containing thousands of freshwater and saltwater fish, corals, invertebrates and live plants.

Events held at our facility attract industry experts, authors, pet care professionals, manufacturer representatives and thousands of customers. We have a complete selection of products for dogs, cats, birds, reptiles and small animals, as well as the fish and aquarium supplies upon which our business was founded. We are also proud of our small pet corner, reptile room and the bird selection in our screened aviary. Visitors will find exotic pets like tegus, iguanas, snakes, lizards and things that creep, slither and craw as well as rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters and other furry pets. Kids and adults alike also love our interactive hands-on exhibit, the Pirate's Cove Touch Tank, featuring live stingrays and other sea life you can observe and touch.

We have one of the area's largest selections of glass aquariums, stands and canopies for sale.

As the fame of our retail store grew and our products became even more affordable, people living too far away to visit Lancaster requested that we ship products to them. In the early 1980’s (about the same time MTV hit cable networks everywhere) the company started a fast-growing mail order business. What originated as a print catalog business has since evolved into our extensive e-commerce business. www.thatpetplace.com was first launched in 1996. Staple and specialty items for aquarists and pet-lovers alike are available to customers across the U.S. and Canada, and beyond!

Q: Does That Fish Place - That Pet Place ship internationally?
We ship world-wide! For delivery outside the contiguous 48 states including Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico and APO addresses, please contact Customer Service via phone or e-mail. We have various shipping methods available for timely and cost effective delivery to locations around the world.
International orders require a minimum purchase of $150 of in-stock dry goods. Payment methods are limited to American Express, money order or wire transfer in U.S. currency as payment, personal checks will not be accepted. Please call 1-888-842-8738 for transfer information.
Livestock orders are shipped within the 48 contiguous states with the exception of California. Frozen food orders are only shipped within the contiguous 48 states."

Tropical Fish by Post in the UK - Part of its business is plants, fish etc for aquariums:-

It has information on

• Fish Compatability - Tank mate compatibility is crucial to a successful and healthy marine aquarium. Incompatible species will increase stress in the tank which could result in disease and considerable loss.
• Fish Troubleshooting - Sometimes a fish that should (according to the books) be compatible with the others in your tank, may get bullied by the fish in your tank. Why? Your aquarium is your fishes home. Any new additions may swim in areas of the tank that your fish have occupied, have claimed as their own and do not want to share with a stranger. This coupled with the stress of the move and their new surroundings makes them targets for bullying. Stress from transportation makes them weak. In most cases the new fish will settle down, but occasionally the bullying is too much and they could die.
• Setting up a small coldwater tank - Take the aquarium out of the box carefully. Check the glass for cracks. You have just 48 hours after purchase to report cracks or smashed glass. All the equipment in your tank are covered by a years warrantee. Glass however will only break if it is mishandled or received some kind of impact. followed by further instructions.
• Setting up a Tropical Aquarium - Take the aquarium out of the box carefully. Check the glass for cracks. You have just 48 hours after purchase to report cracks or smashed glass. All the equipment in your tank are covered by a years warrantee. Glass however will only break if it is mishandled or received some kind of impact. followed by further instructions.

Aquatic - Oxygenating Weeds

Submerged Oxygenating Plants (from Ponds and Water Gardens by Bill Heritage - Revised Second Edition - Reprinted 1988 - ISBN 0 7137 1861 7):-

These are the plants that are commonly referred to in the United States as oxygenating grasses. In Britain they are called water weeds more often than not, which is a poor reward for what are, in effect, the pond's valuable maids-of-all-work. They provide a spawning medium for fish and a hiding place for fry; they harbour astonishing numbers of food organisms and in addition are themselves a valuable part of a goldfish's diet. They also produce oxygen, of course. So do all the other plants in the pond, but those with leaves on or above the surface discharge it into the air; oxygenators release it directly into the water (only, however, under the influence of strong light). At night they produce not oxygen but carbon dioxide, and, since fish are using oxygen and producing carbon dioxide all the time, it is clear that the notion of so many oxygenators plus so many inches of fish producing a balanced oxygen/carbon dioxide exchange is a fallacy. In fact, in a pond with the proportions that have been discussed, all the the oxygen fish need will be supplied simply by the natural process of absorption through the water surface.
What makes oxygenating plants valuable is not the production of oxygen; that is, possibly, the least of their virtues. Oxygenators need nurients to build up their rapid summer growth and they feed not through their roots, which are primarily for anchorage, but by absorbing dissolved mineral salts directly from the water through their leaves and stems. In this they compete directly with algae which rely on the same food source. The algae, starved of light by the leaves of water lilies and starved of food by the competition of oxygenators, die and sink, and the water clears. That is why oxygenators need to be present in some numbers from the beginning in a new pond filled with mineral rich tapwater even further enriched by minerals dissolving out of the soil in planting containers. The standard recommendation is:-

• one bunch for every 2 square feet (24 inch x 12 inch = 60 x 30 cms) of water surface area. I would be satisfied with
  • 1 for every 3 square feet in pools up to 100 square feet;
  • above that 1 for every 4 square feet until,
  • beyond 500 square feet, I would reduce the rate to 1 for every 6 square feet.

It is often stated, by people who should know better, that oxygenators are 'just dropped in'. True, some of the drifting fragments will eventually root somewhere, but this is not the way to get growth going quickly. They need to be planted (with 1exception) and methods will be described herafter.
There a dozen kinds of oxygenator, and the best is the one that makes itself at home in your pond and flourishes mightily. The only way to find out which that it is is to plant a mixture of several kinds.

"Many types of oxygenator become very brittle in summer and cannot be handled then; purchase your requirements early in the season for best results." from Devon Pond Plants.

STAGE 2
INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERY 1 PAGES

Site Map

STAGE 1 GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY PAGES Links to pages in Table alongside on the left with Garden Design Topic Pages

Website Structure Explanation and User Guidelines

Plant Type
 

STAGE 2 INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERIES 1, 2, 3 with its Cultivation Requirements

Alpines for Rock Garden (See Rock Garden Plant Flowers)

Alpine Shrubs and Conifers

The Alpine Meadow
Page 1
Page 2
Page 3

The Alpine Border
1, 2

Alpine Plants for a Purpose

The Alpines that Dislike Lime 1, 2

Alpines and Walls
Dry Sunny Walls 1a, b
Tops of Walls 2a, b
Dry Shady and Conifers 3a, b

Alpines and
Paving
1, 2

Sink and Trough gardens
1, 2

Aquatic
(Water Plants) for

Anti-erosion River-bank

Marginal Plants (Bog Garden Plants)
1, 2

Oxy-genating Weeds

Water Lilies

Floating Plants

Water-side Plants
and Plants for Dry Margins next to a Pond
1, 2

Wildlife Pond Plants

Annual for

----------------

Exposed Sites

Sheltered Sites with Green-house Annuals from 1916

Extra Poor Soil with Half-Hardy Annuals from 1916

Very Rich Soil with Biennials from 1916

Gap-filling in Mixed Borders with Hardy Annuals from 1916

Patio Con-tainers

Cut Flowers
1, 2, 3 Ever-lasting Flowers with Red Flowers from 1916

Attract-ing bene-ficial insects
1, 2

Scent / Fra-grance with Annuals for Cool or Shady Places from 1916

Low-allergen Gardens for Hay Fever Sufferers

Annual Plant Pairing Ideas and Colour Schemes with Annuals
1, 2

Low-Growing Annuals
1, 2

Medium-Growing Annuals

Tall-Growing Annuals with White Flowers from 1916

Black or Brown Flowers

Blue to Purple Flowers

Green Flowers with Annuals and Biennials from 1916

Red to Pink Flowers and Cut Flowers
Page
1, 2, 3

White Flowers
1, 2

Yellow or Orange Flowers
1, 2

Dec-orative Foliage

Moist Soil

Shade
1, 2

House-plants with Yellow Flowers from 1916

Edging Beds

Hanging Baskets

Vining Annuals

Bedding for

Spring Bedding

Summer Bedding

Autumn/ Winter Bedding

Bedding for Light Sandy Soil

Bedding for Acid Soil

Bedding for Chalky Soil

Bedding for Clay Soil

Black Flowers

Blue Flowers

Orange Flowers

Pink Flowers

Long Flowering

Coloured Leaves

Attract-ive to Wildlife including Bees, Butterflies and Moths

Purple Flowers

Red Flowers

White Flowers

Yellow Flowers

Multi-Coloured Flowers

Aromatic Foliage or Scented Flowers

Bedding Plant Use

Flowers with 2 Petals

Flowers with 3 Petals

Flowers with
4 Petals

Flowers with 5 Petals

Flowers with 6 Petals

Flowers with more than 6 Petals

Use in Hanging Baskets

Flower Simple Shape

Shape of
Stars

Shape of
Bowls, Cups and Saucers

Shape of
Globes, Goblets and Chalices

Shape of
Trumpets and Funnels

Shape of
Bells, Thimbles and Urns

Use in Pots and Troughs

Flower Elabo-rated Shape

Shape of
Tubes, Lips and Lobes

Shape of
Slippers, Spurs and Lockets

Shape of
Hats, Hoods and Helmets

Use in
Screen-ing

Use in
Window Boxes

Shape of
Stand-ards, Wings and Keels

Shape of
Discs and Florets

Shape of
Pin-Cushions and Tufts

Shape of
Rosettes, Buttons and Pompons

Use in Bedding Out

Use in
Filling In

Biennial for

Cottage and Other Gardens
1, 2

Cut Flower with Biennials for Rock Work from 1916

Patio Con-tainers with Biennials for Pots in Green-house / Con-servatory

Bene-ficial to Wildlife with Purple and Blue Flowers from 1916

Scent with Biennials for Sunny Banks or Borders from 1916

Bulb for
--------------
Explan-ation Intro to Bulbs
--------------
725 Blue, White, Yellow, Unusual Colour, or Red-Purple-Pink flowering Bulbs in each month they flower.

Indoor Bulbs for
Dec-ember
January
February

Indoor Bulbs for
March
April
May

Indoor
Bulbs for
June
July
August

Indoor Bulbs for Sep-tember
October
November

Bulbs in Window-boxes
1, 2

Bulbs in the Border

Bulbs natural-ised in Grass

Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in
Dec-Jan
Feb-Mar

Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in
Apr-May
Jun-Aug 1, 2, 3, 4

Any Plant Type (some grown in Cool Green-house) Bloom-ing in
Sep-Oct
Nov-Dec

Any Plant Type Blooming in Smallest of Gardens

Bulbs for the Bulb Frame

Bulbs in the Wood-land Garden

Bulbs in the Rock Garden

Bulbs in Green-house or Stove

Achi-menes, Alocasias, Amorpho-phalluses, Aris-aemas, Arums, Begonias, Bomar-eas, Calad-iums

Clivias,
Colo-casias, Crinums, Cyclam-ens, Cyrt-anthuses, Euchar-ises, Urceo-charis, Eurycles

Freesias, Gloxinias, Hae-manthus, Hipp-eastrums

Lachen-alias, Nerines, Lycorises, Pen-cratiums, Hymen-ocallises, Richardias, Sprekelias, Tuberoses, Vallotas, Watsonias, Zephy-ranthes

Bulbs in Bowls

Bulbs in the Alpine House

Hardy Bulbs

Aconitum, Allium, Alstroe-meria, Anemone 1, 1a

Amaryllis, Antheri-cum, Antholy-zas, Apios, Arisaema, Arum, Aspho-deline,

Aspho-delus, Belam-canda, Bloom-eria, Brodiae, Bulbo-codium

Calo-chorti, Cyclo-bothras, Camassia, Col-chicum, Con-vallaria,
Forcing Lily of the Valley, Corydalis, Crinum, Crosmia, Mon-tbretia , Crocus

Cyclamen, Dicentra, Dierama, Eranthis, Eremurus, Ery-thrnium, Eucomis

Fritillaria, Funkia, Gal-anthus, Galtonia, Gladiolus, Hemero-callis

Hya-cinth, Hya-cinths in Pots,
Scilla, Pusch-kinia, Chion-odoxa, Chiono-scilla, Muscari

Iris,
Kniphofia, Lapey-rousia, Leucojum

Lilium,

Lilium in Pots, Malvastrum, Merendera, Milla, Narcissus, Narcissi in Pots

Orni-thogalum, Oxalis, Paeonia, Ran-unculus, Romulea, Sanguin-aria,
Stern-bergia,
Schi-zostylis, Teco-philaea, Trillium

Tulip,
Zephy-ranthus

Half-Hardy Bulbs

Acidan-thera, Albuca, Alstroe-meri, Andro-stephium, Bassers, Boussing-aultias, Bravoas, Cypellas, Dahlias, Galaxis,
Geis-sorhizas, Hesper-anthas

Gladioli, Ixias,
Sparaxises, Babianas, Morphixias, Tritonias

Ixio-lirions, Moraeas, Orni-thogal-ums, Oxalises, Phaedra-nassas,
Pan-cratiums, Tigridias, Zephyr-anthes, Cooper-ias

Bulbs for Bedding

Plant each Bedding Plant with a Ground, Edging or Dot Plant for
Spring
1, 2
or
Summer
1, 2

Climber 3 sector Vertical Plant System with

----------
Choosing the right Plant

1a.
The Base -
Base of Wall Plants

1b.
Annuals

1c.
Herbs and Vege-tables

1d.
Cut
flowers, Cut Foliage

1e.
Scented flower or foliage

1f.
Foliage use only

2a. 1,2,3,4
The Prime - Wall Shrubs

2b.
Fruit trees

3a.
The Higher Reaches -
House-wall Ramblers

3b. 1,2
Non-House-Wall - Climbing Twiners

3c.
Non-House-Wall - Self-clinging Climbers

Raised
Bed for Wheel-chair Users

Plants for Wildlife-Use as well

Fastest Covering

Least prot-ruding growth when fan-trained

1, 2
Evergreen

Use as
Hedge

Exposed Positions

Use as Ground-cover

1,2
Ornam-ental Fruit

Scented Flowers

1, 2
Autumn Foliage Colour

Winter Bark

Winter and Early Spring Flowers

Summer Colour or Shape of Foliage

Edible Fruit

Needs Conserv-atory or Green-house

Large
Pots and Con-tainers
1, 2

Cut Flowers

Attractive to Bees

Climber - Simple Flower Shape

Stars

Bowls, Cups and Saucers

Globes, Goblets and Chalices

Trumpets and Funnels

Salver-form

Bells, Thimbles and Urns

Climber - Elabo-rated Flower Shape

Tubes, Lips and Straps

Slippers, Spurs and Lockets

Hats, Hoods and Helmets

Stand-ards, Wings and Keels

Disks and Florets

Pin-cushions, Tufts, Petal-less and Cushions

Umbels, Buttons and Pompoms

Site design and content copyright ©April 2016.
Top menus revised June 2018. Chris Garnons-Williams.

DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site.  

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Horticultural
Services

Scented Flora of the World by Roy Genders - was first published in 1977 and this paperback edition was published on 1 August 1994 ISBN 0 7090 5440 8:-
This comprehensive book looks at scented flowers and leaves of plants from all over the world. The work has been prepared to the standards of the Index Kewensis, and is filled with the most interesting facts about the scented flora of the world.

I am using the above book from someone who took 30 years to compile it from notes made of his detailed observations of growing plants in preference to
The RHS Companion to Scented Plants Hardcover – 16 Oct 2014 by Stephen Lacey (Author), Andrew Lawson (Photographer) ISBN 978-0-7112-3574-8 even though this is the only major reference work on scent and scented plants which is endorsed by the Royal Horticultural Society. See reasons for stopping infilling of previous Sense of Fragrance section on 28/07/2016 at end of Sense of Fragrance from Stephen Lacey Page.

The Propagation of Alpines by Lawrence D. Hills. Published in 1950 by Faber and Faber Limited describes every method of propagation for 2,500 species. Unlike modern books published since 1980, this one states exactly what to do and is precisely what you require if you want to increase your alpines.

STAGE 4C CULTIVATION, POSITION, USE GALLERY

Cultivation Requirements of Plant

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9, 10,
11,12,
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15,16,
uses of tree/ shrub

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13,14

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Poisonous Plant

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STAGE 1
GARDEN STYLE INDEX GALLERY

Fragrant Plants adds the use of another of your 5 senses in your garden:-
Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders

Fragrant Plants:-
Trees and Shrubs with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Trees and Shrubs with Scented Leaves
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Trees and Shrubs with Aromatic Bark
1, 2, 3

Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for an
Acid Soil
1, 2, 3, 4

Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for a
Chalky or Limestone Soil
1, 2, 3, 4

Shrubs bearing Scented leaves for a
Sandy Soil
1, 2, 3

Herbaceous Plants with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3

Herbaceous Plants with Scented Leaves
1, 2, 3

Annual and Biennial Plants with Scented Flowers or Leaves
1, 2

Bulbs and Corms with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Scented Plants of Climbing and Trailing Habit
1, 2, 3

Winter-flowering Plants with Scented Flowers
1, 2

Night-scented Flowering Plants
1, 2

Scented Aquatic Plants
1

Plants with Scented Fruits
1

Plants with Scented Roots
1, 2

Trees and Shrubs with Scented Wood
1

Trees and Shrubs with Scented Gums
1

Scented Cacti and Succulents
1

Plants bearing Flowers or Leaves of Unpleasant Smell
1, 2
 

STAGE 2
INFILL PLANT INDEX GALLERY 3

Fan-trained Shape

From Rhododendrons, boxwood, azaleas, clematis, novelties, bay trees, hardy plants, evergreens : novelties bulbs, cannas novelties, palms, araucarias, ferns, vines, orchids, flowering shrubs, ornamental grasses and trees book, via Wikimedia Commons

Ramblers Scramblers & Twiners by Michael Jefferson-Brown (ISBN 0 - 7153 - 0942 - 0) describes how to choose, plant and nurture over 500 high-performance climbing plants and wall shrubs, so that more can be made of your garden if you think not just laterally on the ground but use the vertical support structures including the house as well.

The Gardener's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Climbers & Wall Shrubs - A Guide to more than 2000 varieties including Roses, Clematis and Fruit Trees by Brian Davis. (ISBN 0-670-82929-3) provides the lists for 'Choosing the right Shrub or Climber' together with Average Height and Spread after 5 years, 10 years and 20 years.