ivy DIVISION 1 - SINGLE EARLY






		CHALK, SAND. Tulipa 'Coul-eur Cardinal' SUN Mar-Apr


In horticulture, tulips are divided up into fifteen groups (Divisions) mostly based on flower morphology and plant size:- Division 1: Single early – with cup-shaped single flowers, no larger than 8 cm across (3 inches). They bloom early to mid season. Growing 15 to 45 cm (6-18 inches) tall.
Single Early Tulips are much used for growing in bowls or for forcing but are also valuable for planting outside when they will usually flower about mid-April, but varying with the season and also with their variety. List of Division 1 - Single Early Tulips with bulb details. Among the best are:
Cultivar	Flower colour and details from Collins Guide to Bulbs by Patrick M. Synge. Published in 1961 and Reprinted in 1973. ISBN 0 00 214016-0	Comments
'Bellona'	Deep yellow, tall, large flowers.	Bellona Tulip has masses of beautiful fragrant gold cup-shaped flowers at the ends of the stems in early spring, which are most effective when planted in groupings. The flowers are excellent for cutting. Its sword-like leaves remain green in color throughout the season. The fruit is not ornamentally significant.
'Brilliant Star'	One of the earliest to flower. Dwarf. Bright red with a large flower. Much used for forcing	Brilliant star tulip produces bright vermilion flowers. Soil Type: Brilliant star tulip prefers fertile, well drained, neutral to slightly acidic soil. Pests and Diseases: Brilliant star tulip is susceptible to root and bulb rots in wet or poorly drained soil, gray mold, slugs, snails, aphids, and nematodes Propagation: Sow seed of species in containers in cold greenhouse or frame in autumn (it may take 4-7 years for flowers to be produced). Separate offsets of species and cultivars in summer, replant and grow on.
'Cassini'	Deep Crimson, large globular flowers	Cup-shaped Triumph tulips are the largest and probably most important group of tulips. They resulted from crossing Single Early and some of the late tulips. They offer the widest possible variety of colours, pastel shades, and colour combinations. Having sturdy stems of medium tall sizes makes them reliable for mid-spring, unpredictable weather. Their blooming time is quite long in a garden bed, they are also excellent as cut flowers thanks to their long life in vases. Triumph tulips are probably the best for indoor forcing. Tulips grow in fertile, well-drained soil, in full sun or part-shade. For best performance it is recommended to dig their bulbs out from the garden bed every year after the leaves wither. Store them in a dry, dark and cool place until October/November (before frosts) which is the best time for planting them again. You will gain the best colour and flower size if you find them a different location every year. When cutting the flowers always clean the knife before you use it on another variety. Distance between individual bulbs: 12 cm; planting depth: 10 cm; always tips upwards. Fully hardy. “The reddest of red” could be the closest description of this Triumph variety. ´Cassini´ will furthermore enrich your garden with its extremely long blooming period: reliable 3 to possible 4 amazing weeks! Such vibrant red simply cannot be overlooked in your spring garden. Try planting them in a group of evergreen shrubs and see how the tulips will highlight their all-year-round changeless look.
'Couleur Cardinal' 1M24R	An outstanding variety, glowing velvety crimson-red with a dusky grey bloom on outside. Always conspicuous and much to be recommended, well named.	First introduced in 1845, Couleur Cardinal is scarlet-red, flushed plum. No other red Single Early Tulip can compare to the rich, dark coloration of this stunning heirloom. (It is also one of the best potting tulips to force for Easter.) Plus, it is fragrant! What more could one ever ask of a bulb. Tulip Class: Single Early. Bulb size: 12 cm/up. Mid-April. HZ: 3-8. 12". "Full Sun. Height 12-24 inches (30-60 cms). Use in flower beds, edging, Containers and as cut flowers." from Gardenia.
Form English: Tulipa cultivar 'Couleur Cardinal' (Lily-flowered Group) in the Botanical Garden of the University of Vienna. Deutsch: Tulpen-Sorte 'Couleur Cardinal' (einfache blühende, frühe Tulpe) in the Botanischen Garten der Universität Wien. By Anna reg, via Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository.
'Diana'	White, large flower and good for early forcing.	A beautiful pure white tulip on short, sturdy stems which will hold their own even in exposed areas. This variety is very sophisticated and elegant looking. Diana grows to 25cm and flowers March/April. Beautiful beside contrasting Single Early varieties such as Purple Prince or Merry Christmas, or as part of a white border with a range of Tulips. We recommend choosing a sunny location and planting the bulbs around 10-15cm deep in well-drained, fertile soil. Top size 11/12cm bulbs supplied for best results.
'General De Wet'	Bright orange suffused with gold. Tall stems and much to be recommended. Sometimes listed as 'De Wet'.	Luminous orange suffused with gold, large flower, fragrant. Heirloom 1904. Recommended for forcing.
'Keizerskroon' (Emperor's Crown)	Bright scarlet, broadly edged with yellow. Conspicuus but not a good mixer with other plants. A large flower.	What to use it for In beds or borders tulips can add a real splash of spring colour to both formal and informal style gardens. They can also be grown in containers and are useful for flower arranging. How to look after it Tulip bulbs should be planted in the autumn (October/November) 10 to 15cm deep (only 8 to 10cm deep in clay or heavy soil). If you have wet soil then you can put a few centimetres of grit or stones under each bulb to help the water drain away from it. In cool, damp areas, clay soil or areas to be used for different summer planting, tulip bulbs should be lifted when the foliage has died down and stored, labelled, in a dry place for replanting in autumn. They should be kept in a paper bag or similar to allow the bulbs to breathe. Tulips can be lifted regardless of the soil type, and most actually prefer this.
"SINGLE EARLY TULIPS These are the tulips most generally used for bedding. They vary in height from about 10 to 16 in., but the very tall ones should be avoided unless the garden is sheltered from strong winds. Lift the bulbs each year when the foliage has died down, and ripen them off in a reserve bed. Single earlies seldom make good bulbs again under two years, so it is as well to buy fresh stock each year. Couleur Cardinal, deep cardinal-red. General De Wit, golden-orange. Ibis, deep rose-pink. Keizerskroon, scarlet and yellow. Rising Sun, deep yellow. White Hawk, pure white." from the Gardening Bible.

"Getting Tulips to Last For a start, you need to be in USDA Zone 7 or colder. Next, keep them dry in summer (as in their native homes). Try planting a few where you never water-or near a thirsty shrub or tree-and see how well they return. Beyond that, basics include well-drained soil, good sun, regular fertilizing, and letting the foliage ripen to yellow. Some authorities recommend deep planting (to 12 inches), especially in the South, but six to eight inches is usually deep enough. Another age-old method involves digging them up every summer, storing them in a cool, dry spot, and replanting them in the fall. This also allows you to increase your stock by separating the offset bulbs. Some varieties simply last better, such as the single earlies, species, single lates, and lily-flowereds. In general, old varieties perennialize better because they were bred for gardens rather than as commercial pot flowers or for the cut-flower trade, as most modern tulips have been." from Horticulture Magazine - Without gardeners, there are no gardens. Horticulture is dedicated to celebrating the passion of avid gardeners, who take delight not just in gardens but in garden-making. Our informative, engaging writing and brilliant photography enables gardeners to create spaces that make them proud, beautify their hometowns and provide a gathering place for family and friends. But Horticulture is more than a print magazine that has been in continuous publication for more than 100 years. It’s a thriving community of gardeners who are passionate about sharing their collective wisdom with like-minded souls across the United States and around the world. Between print editions, these CoHorts (as we call ourselves) are in constant connection on Facebook and Twitter, participating in conversations in the HortMag.com forum and sharing updates on the blogs (The Editors’ Blog, The Gardening Blog). In print and online, we cultivate and nurture the gardening community by spotlighting noteworthy gardeners, gardens and nurseries across the country, and providing unparalleled information on exceptional plants, inspirational garden designs and the gardening products and accessories gardeners want and need. Get Your Free Guide: Expert Advice on Container Gardening in Small Spaces Learn how to use containers for emphasis in your garden beds or hardscape, and how to grow edibles, as well as flowers in containers, in this downloadable eBook from the editors of Horticulture.

" Originally established in Wakefield Yorkshire England in 1836 by local tulip fanciers and enthusiasts, we now have supporters and members from many parts of the UK, and several countries around the world. We are an old florist's society dedicated to growing and showing tulips, but particularly the English Florists' Tulip. Many of the tulip varieties that we grow date back to the 1800's, and we maintain the traditional strict standards of Form, Purity and Colour set down by the early florists. The English Florists' Tulip is distinguished by flamed and feathered markings caused by Tulip Breaking Virus, highly valued during Tulipomania. English Florists' Tulips had their peak of popularity in the early Nineteenth Century, with many florist's societies growing the tulip and other florist's flowers like the ranunculus, carnation, anemone and the auricula, when standards of what represented a good flower were first laid down. Since then the number of tulip societies has declined, and when the Royal National Tulip Society closed in 1936, our society held the last remaining tulip shows in Britain. The English Florists' Tulip has to conform to certain strict standards, particularly in having a shape like half a hollow ball, and having a base colour cleanly white or yellow, on top of which the darker colour is overlaid. The attractive markings on some of the flowers exhibited arise from infection with tulip breaking virus of the bulb from which the flower grows. The markings have been known about since the days of Tulipomania in the Seventeenth Century, when livelihoods were gambled on the values of individual bulbs. During the 1930's, Tulip Breaking Virus was discovered to be the cause. The flowers do not seem to suffer from infection: one of the oldest cultivars known to us is Habit de Noce (Wedding Coat), dating from the 1790's, and still grown by Society members today. Breeder, flamed, feathered forms Each variety can exist in three different forms:- Breeder Tulips are flowers unaffected by virus in which the base colour, either white or yellow, forms a base to petals of a solid colour. Flamed Tulips have been affected by virus so that the petal colour intensifies into a central bar up the petal and flame-like markings around the edge of the petals. A flower will be marked down if there are "skips" where the colour has missed, or if the markings are too heavy. Feathered Tulips are less heavily marked and have no central bar, the edge being finely feathered with the body colour. " from Wakefield & North of England Tulip Society.

Ivydene Gardens Tulip Bulb Gallery: Classification Division 1 - Single Early
Bulb Height from Text Border	Brown = 0-4 inches (0-10 cms)	Blue = 4-8 inches (10-20 cms)	Green = 8-12 inches (20-30 cms)	Magenta = 12-16 inches (30-40 cms)	Red = 16-20 inches (40-50 cms)	Black = 20-24 inches (50-60 cms)	Orange = 24+ inches (60+ cms)
Bulb Soil Moisture from Text Background		Wet Soil		Moist Soil		Dry Soil
Click on thumbnail to change to the Tulip Description Page of the Tulip named in the Text box below that photo. The Comments Row of that Tulip Description Page details where that Tulip is available from.

TULIP BULB GALLERY PAGES
Site Map of pages with content (o)

Introduction

PETAL COLOUR
.Cream
.Green
.Orange
(o)Multi-colour
.Pink
.Purple
(o)Red
.Salmon
.Other Colours
.Violet
(o)White
(o)Yellow

FOLIAGE COLOUR
(o)Green
Other Colour

TULIP CLASSIFICATION DIVISION OF UK
(o)1 Single Early
(o)2 Double Early
(o)3 Triumph
(o)4 Darwin Tulips and Darwin Hybrids
(o)5 Single Late
(o)6 Lily-flowered
7 Fringed
8 Viridiflora
9 Rembrandt
10 Parrot
11 Double Late
12 Kaufmanniana
13 Fosteriana
14 Greigii
(o)15 Species
16 Multiflowering
ENGLISH FLORIST TULIP
17 Breeder
18 Flamed
19 Feathered

SEED COLOUR
Seed Colour

BED PICTURES
(o) Garden

FLOWERING SEASON/ MONTHS
(o)Early Season/ March
(o)Mid Season/ April
(o)Late Season/ May

Website Structure Explanation and User Guidelines

7 Flower Colours per Month in Colour Wheel below in BULB, CORM, RHIZOME and TUBER GALLERY.

Click on Black or White box in Colour of Month.

Tulip - a plant with a large, brightly coloured, bell-shaped flower on a stem that grows from a bulb, or the flower itself.

colormonthbulb9a1a1a1

Besides the above Bulb Flower Colour Comparison Pages, you also have the following Comparison Pages:-
...Bulb Flower Shape -
7 pages of Number of Petals ...... 5 petals,
23 pages of Flower Shape ......... Stars and
7 pages of Natural Arrangements Drumstick

...Bulb Form -
7 pages of Bulb Form ...Clump-forming
...Bulb Use -
33 pages of Bulb Use ...Mass Planting,
Groundcover,
Grow in Patio Pot and
Use in Coastal Conditions
...Bulb Preferred Soil
5 pages of Soil preferred by Bulb ...Chalk

BULB, CORM, RHIZOME AND TUBER INDEX - There are over 700 bulbs in the bulb galleries. The respective flower thumbnail, months of flowering, height and width, foliage thumbnail, form thumbnail use and comments are in the relevant index page below:-
(o): A
(o): B
(o): C
(o): D
(o): E
(o): F
(o): G
(o): H
(o): I
....: J
....: K
(o): L
(o): M
(o): N
(o): O
(o): P
....: Q
....: R
(o): S
(o): T
....: U
(o): V
....: W
(o): XYZ

A tulip classification code can be created as follows:-

Division Number, Flowering Season, Height in inches and Main Flower Colour.

So Tulipa 'Apeldoorn' 4L24R is:-

Division 4
Late Season Flowering
24 inches high and
Red is Main Colour

Elegant Tulip Bulbs has lists of tulips in the following colours:-

Cream - C
Green - G
Orange - O
Multi-colour - MC
Pink - PI
Purple - PU
Red - R
Salmon - S
Violet - V
White - W
Yellow - Y
Other Colours - apricot, black, bronze, brown, blue, maroon, vermilion - OC

See Introduction Page for details on Tulipa Divisions

In the Index below there are

6 tulips with their own tulip description page (Comparison pages with these tulips change to their description page when the middle of their thumbnail is clicked) and
16 which are detailed with a photo and description in the correct Tulipa Division Comparison Page (comparison pages with these tulips change to the Division Page for that tulip when the middle of its thumbnail is clicked, and its description is within a row in the data table in the middle)

Bulb, Corm, Rhizome or Tuber Name

Flower Colour with
Flower Thumbnail

What colors do Tulips come in?

Flowering
Months

Form Thumbnail

Height x Width in inches (cms) -
1 inch = 2.5 cms,
12 inches = 1 foot,
36 inches = 3 feet = 1 yard,
40 inches = 100 cms

Foliage Colour with Foliage Thumbnail

Bulb Use

Comments

Tulipa Division 1: Single Early

'Bellona',
'Brilliant Star',
'Cassini',
'Couleur Cardinal',
'Diana',
'General De Wet'
and
'Keizerskroon'
(Emperor's Crown)

'Couleur Cardinal' 1M24R

tulipacflo9couleurcardinalwikimediacommons1b1a

Tulipa Division 2: Double Early

'Electra',
'Murillo Maxima',
'Orange Nassau'
and
'Peach Blossom'

Tulipa Division 3: Triumph

'Garden Party',
'Makassar'

Tulipa Division 4: Darwin Tulips

'Sweet Harmony',
'Clara Butt',
'Queen of Bartignons',
'Paul Richter',
'Aristocrat',
'Bleu Aimable' and
'Queen of Night'

'Bleu Aimable' 4M22PU

tulipacflo9bleuaimablenationalgardenbureau1

'Queen of Night' 4L24PU

tulipacflo9queenofthenightnationalgardenbureau1a

Tulipa Division 4: Darwin Hybrids
The Darwin Hybrids have become the most important tulip class for garden and landscape use in the United States.

Tulipa 'Apeldoorn' 4L24R

Cherry-Red

tulipaflotapeldoorn1

May,June

After flowering dead-head and apply a balanced liquid fertiliser each week for the first month. Once the foliage has died down naturally lift the bulbs and store in a cool greenhouse.

24 x 6
(60 x 15)

Green

tulipafoltapeldoorn1a

Darwin Group Hybrid tulip suitable for bedding, naturalizing, pots and good for cut flowers.

Upright, Stemless Form. This can be planted with wall flowers (Erysimum cheiri or Cheiranthus) and Anemone to give a long flowering and beautiful spring display unsurpassed in colour and scent.

'Apeldoorn',
'Beauty of Apeldoorn',
'Big Chief',
'Holland's Glory',
'Jewel of Spring',
Oxford',
'Parade'
and
'Red Matador'

'Beauty of Apeldoorn' 4L24MC

tulipacflo9beautyofapedoornwikimediacommons

'Jewel of Spring' 4M20Y

tulipacflo9bjewelofspringwikimediacommons1

Tulipa Division 5: Single Late

'Artist',
'Blushing Bride',
'Dillenburg',
'Elsie Eloff',
'Groenland',
'Halcro'
and
'Mirella'

Tulipa Division 6: Lily-flowered

'Aladdin',
'China Pink',
'Mariette',
'Queen of Sheba',
'Red Shine',
'West Point'
and
'White Triumpator'

'White Triumph-ator' 6L26W

tulipacflo9whitetriumphatorwikimediacommons1a

Tulipa Division 7: Fringed (Crispa)

'Burgundy Lace',
'Carousel',
'Cool Crystal',
'Cummins',
'Daytona',
'Fringed Elegance',
'Louvre',
'Queensland',
'Santander',
'Sensual Touch'
and
'Sunset Miami'

'Daytona' 7L20W

tulipacflo9daytonawikimediacommons1a

Tulipa Division 8: Viridiflora

'Artist',
'China Town',
'Esperanto',
'Flaming Spring Green',
'Formosa',
'Golden Artist,
'Greenland'
('Groenland'),
'Green Star',
'Night Rider',
'Spring Green'
and
'Virichic'

'Flaming Spring Green' 8L20MC

tulipacflos9flamingspringgreenwikimediacommons1a

'Spring Green' 8L20MC

tulipapfor9springgreenwikimediacommons1a

'Virichic' 8L18MC

tulipacflo9virichicwikimediacommons1a

Tulipa Division 9: Rembrandt

'Cordell Hull'

Tulipa Division 10: Parrot

'Black Parrot',
'Blue Parrot
and
'Fantasy'.

'Black Parrot' 10L20MC

tulipacflos9blackparrotwikimediacommons1

'Blue Parrot' 10M12MC

tulipacflo9blueparrotwikimediacommons1a

Tulipa Division 11: Double Late or Peony-flowered

'Eros',
'Gerbrand Kieft'
and
'Mount Tacoma'

'Angelique' 11L14MC

tulipacflo9angeliquenationalgardenbureau1

Tulipa Division 12: Kaufmanniana

'Alfred Cortot',
'Cesar Franck',
'Fritz Kreisler',
'Gluck',
'Heart's Delight',
'Shakespeare',
'Stresa'
and
'The First'

'Stresa' 12M12MC

tulipacflo9stresawikimediacommons1a

Tulipa Division 13: Fosteriana (Emperor)
tulipapflo9fosterianawikimediacommons1

'Cantata',
'Golden Eagle',
'Madame Lefeber',
'Purissima'
with
'Albert Heijn',
'Analita',
'Apricot Emperor',
'Exotic Emperor',
'Flaming Purissima',
'Juan',
'Orange Emperor',
'Red Emperor',
'Sweetheart',
'Sweet Sixteen',
'White Emperor' and
'Yellow Purissima'

'Purissima' 13E16W

tulipapflo9purissimawikimediacommons1a

'Yellow Purissima' 13E16Y

tulipapfor9yellowpurissimawikimediacommons1a1

Tulipa Division 14: Greigii

'Dreamboat',
Margaret Herbst',
'Oratorio',
'Oriental Splendour'
and
'Red Riding Hood'

Tulipa Division 15: Species (Botanical)
Wild or species tulips are perennials. Under optimal conditions, they will come back year after year and usually increase in numbers. They are less vulnerable to stormy spring weather, and their generally short stems don't bend in strong winds.Their flowers usually remain closed through the morning or on cloudy days, showing only the outside color of the petals. When warmed by the sun, they open to reveal another petal color on the inside. It's like having two different flowers in the same space at once.

Tulipa batalinii 15M15Y

Pale Yellow

tulipaflotbatalinii

April, May

tulipafortbatalinii1

15 x 6
(37.5 x 15)

Grey-green with wavy red margins

tulipafoltbatalinii1

Grow in rock garden and keep dry in the summer dormancy.

Upright and Stemless Forms with star-shaped flowers.
Tulipa batalinii is a native of Soviet Central Asia where it grows on stony hillsides.

Tulipa tarda 15M6MC

White with Yellow

tulipatardaflot

April, May

tulipatardafort1

6 x 6
(15 x 15)

Shiny bright green

tulipatardafolt1

Grow in rock garden and keep dry in the summer.

Stemless Form.
This little gem is a dwarf, clump-forming species, bearing star-shaped, deep orange flowers with the petals tipped with cream and marked on the back red and green.

Tulipa turkestanica 15E12W

White

tulipaflotturkestanica

March, April

tulipafortturkestanica1

12 x 6
(30 x 15)

Grey-Green

tulipafoltturkestanica1

Suitable for a rock garden. Keep dry in summer dormancy.

Upright and Stemless Forms with star-shaped flowers.

Readily self-seeds and naturalizes an area.

Tulipa urumiensis 15M6Y

Yellow

tulipafloturimiensis

April, May

tulipaforturimiensis1

6 x 6
(15 x 15)

Glaucous Mid-Green

tulipafolturimiensis1

Tulip suitable for a rock garden. Keep dry in summer dormancy.
Good for the front of borders. Good in pots mixed with grape hyacinths.

Upright and Stemless Forms, slightly fragrant, star-shaped flowers.
Needs well drained, preferably neutral to alkaline soil in sun.
It likes best prairie conditions of damp springs & dry summers.

It certainly can naturalize if given an ideal location in full sun and not too damp during dormancy. If conditions don't quite permit it to naturalize, it will at least perennialize, returning each spring for many years.

Tulipa violacea 15E10MC

Violet-Purple

tulipaflotviolacea

March, April

tulipafortviolacea1

10 x 6
(25 x 15)

Glaucous Grey-Green

tulipafoltviolacea1

Suitable for a rock garden. Keep dry in summer dormancy. Excellent for potsand look ideal mixed with other mid-spring delicate bulbs such as anemones and the smaller fritillaries in a border.

Tulips make supreme cut flowers. Strip the bottom leaves, tie the stems in paper and soak for 8 hours. This helps keep the stems straight.

Upright and Stemless Form with goblet-shaped flowers.

acuminata ,
aitchisonii,
batalinii,
biflora,
clusiana,
dasystemon,
eichleri,
fosteriana,
gesneriana,
greigii
and
many others as detailed in
The Tulip by Anna Pavord. Published 1999 by Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. ISBN
0 7475 4296 1

Tulipa Division 16: Multiflowering

'Antoinette',
'Candy Club'
and
'Happy Family'

English Florist Tulipa Division 17: Breeder

"Flames and Feathers

Wakefield and North of England Tulip Society April 2012

Paperback 128pp 16.5 x 22.5 cm

Colour photographs

A new publication produced by the Wakefield and North of England Tulip Society. This is a comprehensive guide for all those interested in growing and showing English Florist's Tulips and is a significant update on the society's previous publications. The book includes many new colour photographs to aid identification and also has sections on the history of the society, science and art. An attractive new feature is the timeline that runs through the whole book outlining notable people and events in the society's history."

Publication by Wakefield and North of England Tulip Society -
The Wakefield and North of England Tulip Society is along established floral society with a tradition of growing English Florists' Tulips or Old English Tulips.
An Old Tulip Tradition
Today only one society remains specialising in tulips, the Wakefield and North of England Tulip Society dating from 1836, and is one of the oldest florist's societies.

Shows & Events
The Annual Show is held in the Wakefield Area each year, and open to the public. As well as the classes for English Florists' Tulips, there is a section for Dutch Tulips.

wakefieldandnorthofenglandtulipsociety

English Florist Tulipa Division 18: Flamed

English Florist Tulipa Division 19: Feathered

"In horticulture, tulips are divided up into fifteen groups (Divisions) mostly based on flower morphology and plant size:-

Division 1: Single early – with cup-shaped single flowers, no larger than 8 cm across (3 inches). They bloom early to mid season. Growing 15 to 45 cm (6-18 inches) tall.
Division 2: Double early – with fully double flowers, bowl shaped to 8 cm across. Plants typically grow from 30–40 cm (12-16inches) tall. They bloom in mid season.
Division 3: Triumph – single, cup shaped flowers up to 6 cm wide. Plants grow 35–60 cm (14-24 inches) tall and bloom mid to late season. Originally the result of hybridization between cultivars of the Single early group and the Single late group.
Division 4: Darwin hybrid – single flowers are ovoid in shape and up to 8 cm wide. Plants grow 50–70 cm (20-28 inches) tall and bloom mid to late season. This group should not be confused with older Darwin tulips, which belong in the Single Late Group below. Originally the result of hybridization between cultivars of the Darwin group with Tulipa fosteriana, and the result of hybridization between other cultivars and botanical tulips have habits similar to that of the T. fosteriana, but which lack the other characteristics of the wild species.
Division 5: Single late – cup or goblet-shaded flowers up to 8 cm wide, some plants produce multi-flowering stems. Plants grow 45–75 cm (18-30 inches)tall and bloom late season. This group includes such tulips as those from the former Darwin and Cottage groups.
Division 6: Lily-flowered - the flowers possess a distinct narrow 'waist' with pointed and reflexed petals. Plants grow to 50-65cm (20-26 inches (15 cms)) tall and bloom late season. Previously included with the old Darwins, only becoming a group in their own right in 1958.
Division 7: Fringed (Crispa) - the flowers have sharply fringed petals. Plants grow up to 80cm (32 inches) tall and bloom late season.
Division 8: Viridiflora - these are known as green tulips and are distinguished by having distinct green streaks on their petals. Plants grow to 80cm (32 inches) tall and bloom late season.
Division 9: Rembrandt - these are affected by a harmless virus, which causes the flower colours to streak into striped or blotchy patterns. Plants grow to 80cm (32 inches) tall and bloom late.
Division 10: Parrot - these have large flowers with frilled and/or twisted petals. Many are bi-coloured. Plants grow to 80 cm (32 inches) tall and bloom late.
Division 11: Double late or Peony-flowered - these have large, fully double, rather squat flowers up to 12cm (5inches) wide. Plants grow to 40-60 cm (16-24 inches) tall and bloom late.
Division 12: Kaufmanniana - these have waterlily-like flowers, which open out flat to 6cm (2.5 inches) wide; are usually bi-coloured and the leaves of some are striped or mottled with reddish- or brownish- purple. Plants grow to 10-25cm (4-10 inches) tall and bloom early.
Division 13: Fosteriana (Emperor) - their flowers are slender when closed up, opening to 18-20cm (7-8 inches) wide in full sun and have a flower colour ranging from scarlet to yellow or white. Plants grow to 20-40cm (8-16 inches) and blooms in mid season.
Division 14: Greigii - these have flowers which are large and brightly coloured with their leaves having wavy edges and bold purple-brown or maroon stripes. Plants grow to 20-30cm (8-12 inches) tall, but some up to 50cm (20 inches) and bloom in mid season.
Division 15: Species (Botanical) - this group covers a wide range of flower colours, shapes and sizes, to make up this division. Most are smaller and more delicate in appearance than the modern hybrids, but are nevertheless equally hardy.
Division 16: Multiflowering – not an official division, these tulips belong in the first 15 divisions but are often listed separately because they have multiple blooms per bulb.

They may also be classified by their flowering season:-

Early flowering: Single Early Tulips, Double Early Tulips, Greigii Tulips, Kaufmanniana Tulips, Fosteriana Tulips, Species Tulips. Early season is March and early April.
Mid-season flowering: Darwin Hybrid Tulips, Triumph Tulips, Parrot Tulips. Mid season is April and early May.
Late season flowering: Single Late Tulips, Double Late Tulips, Viridiflora Tulips, Lily-flowering Tulips, Fringed Tulips, Rembrandt Tulips. Late season is May.

" from Wikipedia.

Ivydene Horticultural Services logo with I design, construct and maintain private gardens. I also advise and teach you in your own garden. 01634 389677

Ivydene
Horticultural
Services

Site design and content copyright ©April 2012.
Page structure amended November 2012.
Bulb Menus updated May 2018.
Chris Garnons-Williams.

DISCLAIMER: Links to external sites are provided as a courtesy to visitors. Ivydene Horticultural Services are not responsible for the content and/or quality of external web sites linked from this site.

It is popular to restore gardens with heirloom flower bulbs that may have been included in one's grandparent's gardens. The varieties of heirloom flower bulbs included in this listing all predate the 1930s and are horticulturally viable.

"Getting Tulips to Last

For a start, you need to be in USDA Zone 7 or colder. Next, keep them dry in summer (as in their native homes). Try planting a few where you never water-or near a thirsty shrub or tree-and see how well they return.

Beyond that, basics include well-drained soil, good sun, regular fertilizing, and letting the foliage ripen to yellow. Some authorities recommend deep planting (to 12 inches), especially in the South, but six to eight inches is usually deep enough.

Another age-old method involves digging them up every summer, storing them in a cool, dry spot, and replanting them in the fall. This also allows you to increase your stock by separating the offset bulbs.

Some varieties simply last better, such as the single earlies, species, single lates, and lily-flowereds. In general, old varieties perennialize better because they were bred for gardens rather than as commercial pot flowers or for the cut-flower trade, as most modern tulips have been." from Horticulture Magazine -
Without gardeners, there are no gardens. Horticulture is dedicated to celebrating the passion of avid gardeners, who take delight not just in gardens but in garden-making. Our informative, engaging writing and brilliant photography enables gardeners to create spaces that make them proud, beautify their hometowns and provide a gathering place for family and friends.
But Horticulture is more than a print magazine that has been in continuous publication for more than 100 years. It’s a thriving community of gardeners who are passionate about sharing their collective wisdom with like-minded souls across the United States and around the world. Between print editions, these CoHorts (as we call ourselves) are in constant connection on Facebook and Twitter, participating in conversations in the HortMag.com forum and sharing updates on the blogs (The Editors’ Blog, The Gardening Blog).
In print and online, we cultivate and nurture the gardening community by spotlighting noteworthy gardeners, gardens and nurseries across the country, and providing unparalleled information on exceptional plants, inspirational garden designs and the gardening products and accessories gardeners want and need.
Get Your Free Guide: Expert Advice on Container Gardening in Small Spaces
Learn how to use containers for emphasis in your garden beds or hardscape, and how to grow edibles, as well as flowers in containers, in this downloadable eBook from the editors of Horticulture.

"Tulips are spring-blooming perennials that grow from bulbs. Depending on the species, tulip plants can grow as short as 4 inches (10 cm) or as high as 28 inches (71 cm). The tulip's large flowers usually bloom on scapes or subscapose stems that lack bracts. Most tulips produce only one flower per stem, but a few species bear multiple flowers on their scapes (e.g. Tulipa turkestanica). The showy, generally cup- or star-shaped tulip flower has three petals and three sepals, which are often termed tepals because they are nearly identical. These six tepals are often marked near the bases with darker colorings. Tulip flowers come in a wide variety of colors, except pure blue (several tulips with "blue" in the name have a faint violet hue)." from Wikipedia.

Elegant Tulip Bulbs provides a great deal of information about tulips.

"When you shop for bulbs, you'll see some labeled as "good for naturalizing." This means that they can be counted on to come up year after year, and spread informally throughout your garden.
This list of spring- and summer-flowering bulbs:-

Alliums,
Anemones,
Crocuses,
Irises,
Muscari,
Daffodils,
Tulips,
and others

are reliably perennial in habit. Plant bulbs in autumn." from The Old Farmer's Almanac in America.

"Flower Bulb Research Program
50 years of flowerbulb research in North America
2015 marks 50 years of flower bulb research in the U.S. To celebrate this anniversary, Anthos, the Dutch flower bulb exporters association, has published a commemorative book that traces the program through the earliest days at Michigan State University to the present at Cornell.
Download the book. [3.6 MB .pdf]

Forcing research

• Potted lilies

• Potted tulips

• Potted hyacinth

• Potted narcissus

• Cut lilies

• Cut tulips

• Calla Lilies

• Specialty bulbs

New:

• Cooling & Forcing New  Muscari Cultivars

• Timing Tools for Hybrid Lilies

In the landscape

• Updated: Bulbs and vole damage

• Lily perenialization

• Bulb and Perennial Combinations

• Flower bulb labyrinth

• Bluegrass Lane Perennials

• BGL Perennial List [.pdf]

• Right perennial, right place

• Bluegrass Lane Annuals

• Deer-resistant plant list - From Mohonk Mountain House

iBulb - This foundation focuses on funding activities important to the Dutch flower bulb sector: promotion, technical research and market access. It was started by Anthos in 2012.

Cornell Floriculture Field Day -- Mark your calendars: August 8, 2018. Programs for floriculture professionals. View annual and perennial flower trials." by Cornell University.

Functional combinations in the border from the International Flower Bulb Centre in Holland:-

"Here is a list of the perennials shown by research to be the best plants to accompany various flower bulbs. The flower bulbs were tested over a period of years in several perennial borders that had been established for at least three years.

In combination with hyacinths:

Alchemilla plants or seeds with book and Plant Crib
Campanula lactiflora seeds
Campanula poscharskyana
Geranium (diverse soorten en cultivars zoals psilostemon, sanguineum) plants or seeds
Hosta plants or seeds
Nepeta faassenii plants or seeds
Ophiopogon plants or seeds
Salvia nemorosa plants or seeds
Solidago plants or seeds (not to be confused with Solidago Riders)
Teucrium plants or seeds

In combination with tulips:

Anemone hybrids
Agastache perennial herbs
Aster hybrid seeds or plants (could make the train to see them using one from Aster Hobbies - Gauge One Live Steam models!)
Astrantia plants or seeds
Centranthus plants or seeds
Dicentra plants or seeds
Geranium (many cultivars such as versicolor, macrorrhizum, psilostemon, ‘Philippe Vapelle’) plants or seeds
Helianthus ‘Lemon Queen’
Helleborus plants or seeds
Hemerocallis plants or seeds with British Hosta and Hemerocallis Society
Heuchera plants or seeds
Kalimeris plants or seeds
Lavandula - as seeds for shrubs, as hedges
Monarda plants or seeds
Origanum hybrid plants or seeds
Sidalcea hybrid plants or seeds
Stachys grandiflora ‘Superba’
Thalictrum plant or seed
Veronica longifolia plant or seed
Veronicastrum plants or seeds

In combination with narcissi:

Alchemilla plants or seeds with book and Plant Crib
Astilbe plants or seeds
Brunnera plants or seeds
Carex plants or seeds
Chelone plants or seeds
Darmera plants or seeds
Epimedium plants or seeds
Geranium (many species and cultivars such as magnificum, endressii, macrorrhizum) plants or seeds
Gillenia plants or seeds
Hemerocallis plants or seeds with British Hosta and Hemerocallis Society
Hosta plants or seeds
Kirengeshoma palmata
Lamium plants or seeds
Ligularia dentata
Lysimachia punctata
Lysimachia clethroides
Omphalodes plants or seeds
Pulmonaria plants or seeds
Tellima plants or seeds
Waldsteinia plants or seeds

For narcissi, the choice was difficult to make. The list contains only some of the perennials that are very suitable for combining with narcissi. In other words, narcissi can easily compete with perennials.

In combination with specialty bulbs:

Aquilegia plants or seeds with DVD on 'A Guide to Aquilegias: sowing growing and breeding'
Astilbe plants or seeds
Bergenia plants or seeds
Campanula ‘Birch Hybrid’ plants or seeds
Campanula portenschlagiana plants or seeds
Geranium (diverse soorten en cultivars zoals sanguineum, wlassovianum) plants or seeds
Hemerocallis plants or seeds with British Hosta and Hemerocallis Society
Heuchera plants or seeds
Lamium orvala plants or seeds
Waldsteinia plants or seeds".

There are other pages on Plants which bloom in each month of the year in this website:-

12 Bloom Colours per Month Index
Plants Blue, Orange, Red, Yellow, White, Other Colours which lead on to other pages
Colour Wheel - All Flowers per Month 12
Bedding
Bulb
Climber
Deciduous Shrub
Deciduous Tree
Evergreen Perennial
Evergreen Shrub
Evergreen Tree
Herbaceous Perennial
Rhododendron
Rose
Wild Flower

Plants for Cut Flowers in
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Climber 3 sector Vertical Plant System with flowers in
Jan,
Feb,
Mar,
Apr,
May 1, 2
Jun,
Jul,
Aug,
Sep,
Oct,
Nov,
Dec

Indoor Bulbs for
December
January
February
Indoor Bulbs for
March
April
May
Indoor
Bulbs for
June
July
August
Indoor Bulbs for
September
October
November
Plant Bloom
Dec-Jan
Feb-Mar
Plant Bloom
Apr-May
Jun-Aug
Plant Bloom
Sep-Oct
Nov-Dec

TULIPS WITH FRAGRANCE

"Tulips normally are planted in home gardens for color and form, but about 15 to 20 percent of all varieties have the added bonus of being fragrant as well," said Jo-Anne van den Berg-Ohms, the fourth-generation owner of John Scheepers Beauty from Bulbs in Bantam, Connecticut.
Their scent varies, she said.
"It's not strong or overpowering. Rather, it's a sweet, lingering fragrance that floats on the spring air," she said.

Most fragrant tulip varieties are orange or apricot in color, van den Berg-Ohms said, and they're sprinkled through all of the species divisions, from heirlooms to the more familiar, modern-day hybrids.

"If you're interested in their fragrance, plant them in places that are traveled that time of year, especially near walkways," she said. "Take advantage of the fragrant varieties rather than planting them out in more distant areas."

Cutting gardens would be perfect, she said, although there is one downside: "They really would have to be considered annuals then." That's because cutting off a tulip's foliage during or shortly after it blooms also cuts off its energy supply. That all but eliminates any chance it will flower for another season.

"You may experience their fragrance lots more indoors as potted bulbs and cut flowers than you do out of doors, where the scent can disperse," said Sally Ferguson, a spokeswoman for the flower bulb company Colorblends.com. "Probably some of this has to do with temperature.

"A single pot of 'T. Monte Carlo' will scent an entire room indoors," Ferguson said. "Same is true for a few cut stems of 'Prinses Irene'."

Scott Kunst, owner and head gardener at Old House Gardens in Ann Arbor, Michigan, said few of his customers know much about the floral fragrance of tulips, although he includes information about them in his catalogs every year.

"Fragrance is not a trait anyone is breeding for in tulips today, and it's elusive," said Kunst, who specializes in heirloom bulbs.

Among his favorites: Prince of Austria, Apricot Beauty, Generaal de Wet, Orange Favorite, Prinses Irene, Willem van Oranje, Peach Blossom, Florentine and Elegans Alba.

Some other fragrant varieties are the cherry-red miniature species Little Beauty, the double early tomato red Abba, the ivory yellow Montreaux, the unusually colored Salmon Pearl, the peony-like Black Hero and the rose-colored single late tulip variety dubbed Temple of Beauty." from Stop and smell the tulips; Some varieties, anyway by The Times

"List of Award of Garden Merit tulips
The following is a list of tulip species and cultivars which have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. They are bulbous perennials, originally from sunny, open habitats in Europe and Asia. Thousands of cultivars are available in a huge range of sizes, shapes and colours (other than pure blue). They are usually sold as bulbs to be planted in autumn and winter for flowering in mid- to late spring. They are frequently treated as bedding plants, accompanied by other seasonal favourites such as wallflowers and forget-me-nots, flowering for one season before being discarded. However, in favoured locations they can be left in the ground to re-appear the following and subsequent years. Like many other bulbous plants they require a hot, dry dormant period in the summer" from Wikipedia.

"The Bulb Lasagna Method
Bulb lasagna or bulb layering is a technique of layering bulbs in containers that will produce a miniature bulb display next spring. By choosing a variety of bulbs that all bloom within a few weeks of each other you can create continuous blooms for nearly two months.
The most important consideration in creating a bulb lasagna is choosing a container that is both wide enough and deep enough. For example, a 10-inch deep container can only hold two layers of bulbs and a 14-inch deep container will hold three layers of bulbs. Choose bulbs that grow to different heights to create a more interesting spring display. For example, a classic combination is tulips, daffodils and grape hyacinth. Avoid planting bulbs too close to the sides of the pot. Bulbs perform better in groupings - read the planting depth instructions on the bulb packaging when designing your layered container garden to ensure that your plan will work with the container you’ve chosen.
To layer, first place a layer of gravel across the bottom of the container, then apply a thick layer of potting soil mixed with bulb food. Place the first layer of bulbs in the pot and cover with a layer of soil. Continue layering. Cover the top layer of bulbs with a final layer of soil, as if you were planting outdoors.
Water thoroughly, then let the fall rains take over. And anticipate a beautiful spring!" from Molbak.

BULB FLOWER SHAPE GALLERY PAGES
Number of Flower Petals	Petal-less	1	2	3	4	5	Above 5

Flower Shape - Simple	Stars with Single Flowers	Bowls	Cups and Saucers	Globes	Goblets and Chalices	Trumpets	Funnels

Flower Shape - Simple	Bells	Thimbles	Urns	Salverform

Flower Shape - Elabor-ated	Tubes, Lips and Straps	Slippers, Spurs and Lockets	Hats, Hoods and Helmets	Stan-dards, Wings and Keels	Discs and Florets	Pin-Cushions	Tufts and Petal-less Cluster

Flower Shape - Elabor-ated	Cushion	Umbel	Buttons with Double Flowers	Pompoms	Stars with Semi-Double Flowers

Natural Arrange-ments	Bunches, Posies and Sprays (Group)	Columns, Spikes and Spires	Whorls, Tiers and Cande-labra	Plumes and Tails	Chains and Tassels	Clouds, Garlands and Cascades	Sphere, Dome (Clusters), Drumstick and Plate

BULB FORM, BULB USE AND BULB IN SOIL GALLERY PAGES	Bulbs in Cultivation including vital bulb soil preparation from Bulbs for Small Garden by E.C.M. Haes. Published by Pan Books in 1967:-
BULB FORM, BULB USE AND BULB IN SOIL GALLERY PAGES	Bulbs in the Small Garden with Garden Plan and its different bulb sections	A choice of Outdoor Bulbs	False Bulbs	Bulbs Indoors	Bulb Calendar	Planting Times and Depth	Composts
Bulb Form	Mat-Forming	Prostrate or Trailing	Cushion or Mound-forming	Spreading or Creeping	Clump-forming	Stemless. Sword-shaped Leaves	Erect or Upright
Bulb Use	Other than Only Green Foliage	Bedding or Mass Planting	Ground-Cover	Cut-Flower 1, 2	Tolerant of Shade	In Woodland Areas	Under-plant
	Tolerant of Poor Soil	Covering Banks	In Water	Beside Stream or Water Garden	Coastal Conditions	Edging Borders	Back of Border or Back-ground Plant
	Fragrant Flowers	Not Fragrant Flowers	Indoor House-plant	Grow in a Patio Pot 1, 2	Grow in an Alpine Trough	Grow in an Alpine House	Grow in Rock Garden
	Speciman Plant	Into Native Plant Garden	Naturalize in Grass	Grow in Hanging Basket	Grow in Window-box	Grow in Green-house	Grow in Scree
			Natural-ized Plant Area	Grow in Cottage Garden	Attracts Butter-flies	Attracts Bees	Resistant to Wildlife
Bulb in Soil	Chalk 1, 2	Clay	Sand 1, 2	Lime-Free (Acid)	Peat

Bulb Height from Text Border		Brown= 0-12 inches (0-30 cms)	Blue = 12-24 inches (30-60 cms)		Green= 24-36 inches (60-90 cms)		Red = 36+ inches (90+ cms)
Bulb Soil Moisture from Text Background		Wet Soil		Moist Soil		Dry Soil
Flowering months range abreviates month to its first 3 letters (Apr-Jun is April, May and June). Click on thumbnail to change this comparison page to the Plant Description Page of the Bulb named in the Text box below that photo. The Comments Row of that Plant Description Page links to where you personally can purchase that bulb via mail-order.

Topic -
Case Studies
...Drive Foundations
Ryegrass and turf kills plants within Roadstone and in Topsoil due to it starving and dehydrating them.
CEDAdrive creates stable drive surface and drains rain into your ground, rather than onto the public road.
8 problems caused by building house on clay or with house-wall attached to clay.
Pre-building work on polluted soil.

Companion Planting
...A, B, C, D, E,
...F, G, H, I, J, K,
...L, M, N, O, P, Q,
...R, S, T, U, V, W,
...X, Y, Z
...Pest Control
...using Plants to provide a Companion Plant to aid your selected plant or deter its pests

Garden
Construction
with ground drains
Garden Design
...How to Use the Colour Wheel Concepts for Selection of Flowers, Foliage and Flower Shape
...RHS Mixed
Borders
......Bedding Plants
......Her Perennials
......Other Plants
......Camera photos of Plant supports
Garden
Maintenance
Glossary with a tomato teaching cauliflowers
Home
Library of over 1000 books
Offbeat Glossary with DuLally Bird in its flower clock.

Plants
...in Chalk
(Alkaline) Soil
......A-F1, A-F2,
......A-F3, G-L, M-R,
......M-R Roses, S-Z
...in Heavy
Clay Soil
......A-F, G-L, M-R,
......S-Z
...in Lime-Free
(Acid) Soil
......A-F, G-L, M-R,
......S-Z
...in Light
Sand Soil
......A-F, G-L, M-R,
......S-Z.
...Poisonous Plants.
...Extra Plant Pages
with its 6 Plant Selection Levels

Soil
...Interaction between 2 Quartz Sand Grains to make soil
...How roots of plants are in control in the soil
...Without replacing Soil Nutrients, the soil will break up to only clay, sand or silt
...Subsidence caused by water in Clay
...Use water ring for trees/shrubs for first 2 years.

Tool Shed with 3 kneeling pads
Useful Data with benefits of Seaweed

Topic -
Plant Photo Galleries with Plant Botanical Index
...A, B, C, D, E,
...F, G, H, I, J, K,
...L, M, N, O, P, Q,
...R, S, T, U, V, W,
...X, Y, Z

If the plant type below has flowers, then the first gallery will include the flower thumbnail in each month of 1 of 6 or 7 flower colour comparison pages of each plant in its subsidiary galleries, as a low-level Plant Selection Process
Aquatic
Bamboo
Bedding
...by Flower Shape

Bulb with its 7 Flower Colours per Month Comparison Pages
...Allium/ Anemone
...Autumn
...Colchicum/ Crocus
...Dahlia
...Gladiolus with its 40 Flower Colours
......European A-E
......European F-M
......European N-Z
......Eur Non-classified
......American A
......American B
......American C
......American D
......American E
......American F
......American G
......American H
......American I
......American J
......American K
......American L
......American M
......American N
......American O
......American P
......American Q
......American R
......American S
......American T
......American U
......American V
......American W
......American XYZ
......Ame Non-classified
......Australia - empty
......India
......Lithuania
...Hippeastrum/ Lily
...Late Summer
...Narcissus
...Spring
...Tulip
...Winter
...Each of the above ...Bulb Galleries has its own set of Flower Colour Pages
...Flower Shape
...Bulb Form
...Bulb Use
...Bulb in Soil

Further details on bulbs from the Infill Galleries:-
Hardy Bulbs
...Aconitum
...Allium
...Alstroemeria
...Anemone
...Amaryllis
...Anthericum
...Antholyzas
...Apios
...Arisaema
...Arum
...Asphodeline
...Asphodelus
...Belamcanda
...Bloomeria
...Brodiaea
...Bulbocodium
...Calochorti
...Cyclobothrias
...Camassia
...Colchicum
...Convallaria  ...Forcing Lily of the Valley
...Corydalis
...Crinum
...Crosmia
...Montbretia
...Crocus
...Cyclamen
...Dicentra
...Dierama
...Eranthis
...Eremurus
...Erythrnium
...Eucomis
...Fritillaria
...Funkia
...Galanthus
...Galtonia
...Gladiolus
...Hemerocallis
...Hyacinth
...Hyacinths in Pots
...Scilla
...Puschkinia
...Chionodoxa
...Chionoscilla
...Muscari
...Iris
...Kniphofia
...Lapeyrousia
...Leucojum
...Lilium
...Lilium in Pots
...Malvastrum
...Merendera
...Milla
...Narcissus
...Narcissi in Pots
...Ornithogalum
...Oxalis
...Paeonia
...Ranunculus
...Romulea
...Sanguinaria
...Sternbergia
...Schizostylis
...Tecophilaea
...Trillium
...Tulip
...Zephyranthus
Half-Hardy Bulbs
...Acidanthera
...Albuca
...Alstroemeri
...Andro-stephium
...Bassers
...Boussing-aultias
...Bravoas
...Cypellas
...Dahlias
...Galaxis,
...Geissorhizas
...Hesperanthas
...Gladioli
...Ixias
...Sparaxises
...Babianas
...Morphixias
...Tritonias
...Ixiolirions
...Moraeas
...Ornithogalums
...Oxalises
...Phaedra-nassas
...Pancratiums
...Tigridias
...Zephyranthes
...Cooperias
Uses of Bulbs:-
...for Bedding
...in Windowboxes
...in Border
...naturalized in Grass
...in Bulb Frame
...in Woodland Garden
...in Rock Garden
...in Bowls
...in Alpine House
...Bulbs in Greenhouse or Stove:-
...Achimenes
...Alocasias
...Amorpho-phalluses
...Arisaemas
...Arums
...Begonias
...Bomareas
...Caladiums
...Clivias
...Colocasias
...Crinums
...Cyclamens
...Cyrtanthuses
...Eucharises
...Urceocharis
...Eurycles
...Freesias
...Gloxinias
...Haemanthus
...Hippeastrums
...Lachenalias
...Nerines
...Lycorises
...Pencratiums
...Hymenocallises
...Richardias
...Sprekelias
...Tuberoses
...Vallotas
...Watsonias
...Zephyranthes
...Plant Bedding in
......Spring
......Summer
...Bulb houseplants flowering inside House during:-
......January
......February
......March
......April
......May
......June
......July
......August
......September
......October
......November
......December
...Bulbs and other types of plant flowering during:-
......Dec-Jan
......Feb-Mar
......Apr-May
......Jun-Aug
......Sep-Oct
......Nov-Dec
...Selection of the smaller and choicer plants for the Smallest of Gardens with plant flowering during the same 6 periods as in the previous selection

Climber in
3 Sector Vertical Plant System
...Clematis
...Climbers
Conifer
Deciduous Shrub
...Shrubs - Decid
Deciduous Tree
...Trees - Decid
Evergreen Perennial
...P-Evergreen A-L
...P-Evergreen M-Z
...Flower Shape
Evergreen Shrub
...Shrubs - Evgr
...Heather Shrub
Evergreen Tree
...Trees - Evgr
Fern
Grass
Hedging
Herbaceous
Perennial
...P -Herbaceous
...Peony
...Flower Shape
...RHS Wisley
......Mixed Border
......Other Borders
Herb
Odds and Sods
Rhododendron

Rose
...RHS Wisley A-F
...RHS Wisley G-R
...RHS Wisley S-Z
...Rose Use - page links in row 6. Rose, RHS Wisley and Other Roses rose indices on each Rose Use page
...Other Roses A-F
...Other Roses G-R
...Other Roses S-Z
Pruning Methods
Photo Index R 1, 2, 3
Peter Beales Roses
RV Roger Roses

Soft Fruit
Top Fruit
...Apple
...Cherry
...Pear
Vegetable
Wild Flower and
Butterfly page links are in next row

Topic -
Butterflies in the UK mostly use native UK wildflowers.

Butterfly Species.

Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis and Butterfly Usage
of Plants.

Plant Usage by
Egg, Caterpillar, Chrysalis and Butterfly.

Wild Flower
with its
flower colour page,
space,
Site Map page in its flower colour NOTE Gallery
...Blue Note
...Brown Botanical Names
...Cream Common Names
...Green Note
...Mauve Note
...Multi-Cols Note
...Orange Note
...Pink A-G Note
...Pink H-Z Note
...Purple Note
...Red Note
...White A-D Note
...White E-P Note
...White Q-Z Note
...Yellow A-G Note
...Yellow H-Z Note
...Shrub/Tree Note

Poisonous
Wildflower Plants.

You know its name, use Wild Flower Plant Index a-h, i-p, q-z.
You know which habitat it lives in, use
on Acid Soil,
on Calcareous
(Chalk) Soil,
on Marine Soil,
on Neutral Soil,
is a Fern,
is a Grass,
is a Rush, or
is a Sedge.
You have seen its flower, use Comparison Pages containing Wild Flower Plants and Cultivated Plants in the Colour Wheel Gallery.

Each plant named in each of the 180 Wildflower Family Pages within their 23 Galleries may have a link to:-
1) its Plant Description Page in its Common Name column in one of those Wildflower Plant Galleries and will have links,
2) to external sites to purchase the plant or seed in its Botanical Name column,
3) to see photos in its Flowering Months column and
4) to read habitat details in its Habitat Column.

WILD FLOWER FAMILY PAGE MENU
(o)Adder's Tongue
Amaranth
(o)Arrow-Grass
(o)Arum
(o)Balsam
Bamboo
(o)Barberry
(o)Bedstraw
(o)Beech
(o)Bellflower
(o)Bindweed
(o)Birch
(o)Birds-Nest
(o)Birthwort
(o)Bogbean
(o)Bog Myrtle
(o)Borage
(o)Box
(o)Broomrape
(o)Buckthorn
(o)Buddleia
(o)Bur-reed
(o)Buttercup
(o)Butterwort
(o)Cornel (Dogwood)
(o)Crowberry
(o)Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 1
(o)Crucifer (Cabbage/Mustard) 2
Cypress
(o)Daffodil
(o)Daisy
(o)Daisy Cudweeds
(o)Daisy Chamomiles
(o)Daisy Thistle
(o)Daisy Catsears (o)Daisy Hawkweeds
(o)Daisy Hawksbeards
(o)Daphne
(o)Diapensia
(o)Dock Bistorts
(o)Dock Sorrels
(o)Clubmoss
(o)Duckweed
(o)Eel-Grass
(o)Elm
(o)Filmy Fern
(o)Horsetail
(o)Polypody
Quillwort
(o)Royal Fern
(o)Figwort - Mulleins
(o)Figwort - Speedwells
(o)Flax
(o)Flowering-Rush
(o)Frog-bit
(o)Fumitory
(o)Gentian
(o)Geranium
(o)Glassworts
(o)Gooseberry
(o)Goosefoot
(o)Grass 1
(o)Grass 2
(o)Grass 3
(o)Grass Soft
Bromes 1
(o)Grass Soft
Bromes 2
(o)Grass Soft
Bromes 3
(o)Hazel
(o)Heath
(o)Hemp
(o)Herb-Paris
(o)Holly
(o)Honeysuckle
(o)Horned-Pondweed
(o)Hornwort
(o)Iris
(o)Ivy
(o)Jacobs Ladder
(o)Lily
(o)Lily Garlic
(o)Lime
(o)Lobelia
(o)Loosestrife
(o)Mallow
(o)Maple
(o)Mares-tail
(o)Marsh Pennywort
(o)Melon (Gourd/Cucumber)
(o)Mesem-bryanthemum
(o)Mignonette
(o)Milkwort
(o)Mistletoe
(o)Moschatel
Naiad
(o)Nettle
(o)Nightshade
(o)Oleaster
(o)Olive
(o)Orchid 1
(o)Orchid 2
(o)Orchid 3
(o)Orchid 4
(o)Parnassus-Grass
(o)Peaflower
(o)Peaflower
Clover 1
(o)Peaflower
Clover 2
(o)Peaflower
Clover 3
(o)Peaflower Vetches/Peas
Peony
(o)Periwinkle
Pillwort
Pine
(o)Pink 1
(o)Pink 2
Pipewort
(o)Pitcher-Plant
(o)Plantain
(o)Pondweed
(o)Poppy
(o)Primrose
(o)Purslane
Rannock Rush
(o)Reedmace
(o)Rockrose
(o)Rose 1
(o)Rose 2
(o)Rose 3
(o)Rose 4
(o)Rush
(o)Rush Woodrushes
(o)Saint Johns Wort
Saltmarsh Grasses
(o)Sandalwood
(o)Saxifrage
Seaheath
(o)Sea Lavender
(o)Sedge Rush-like
(o)Sedges Carex 1
(o)Sedges Carex 2
(o)Sedges Carex 3
(o)Sedges Carex 4
(o)Spindle-Tree
(o)Spurge
(o)Stonecrop
(o)Sundew
(o)Tamarisk
Tassel Pondweed
(o)Teasel
(o)Thyme 1
(o)Thyme 2
(o)Umbellifer 1
(o)Umbellifer 2
(o)Valerian
(o)Verbena
(o)Violet
(o)Water Fern
(o)Waterlily
(o)Water Milfoil
(o)Water Plantain
(o)Water Starwort
Waterwort
(o)Willow
(o)Willow-Herb
(o)Wintergreen
(o)Wood-Sorrel
(o)Yam
(o)Yew

Topic -
The following is a complete hierarchical Plant Selection Process
dependent on the Garden Style chosen
Garden Style
...Infill Plants
...12 Bloom Colours per Month Index
...12 Foliage Colours per Month Index
...All Plants Index
...Cultivation, Position, Use Index
...Shape, Form
Index

Topic -
Plant Selection Process comparing relevant plants of all types within each of the number of colours for each Flower or Foliage Colour Gallery.

All Flowers 53 with
...Use of Plant and
Flower Shape - page links in next row

All Foliage 53
instead of redundant
...(All Foliage 212)

All Flowers
per Month 12

Bee instead of wind pollinated plants for hay-fever sufferers
All Bee-Pollinated Flowers
per Month 12
...Index

Rock Garden and Alpine Flowers
Rock Plant Flowers 53
...Rock Plant Photos

Flower Colour Wheel without photos, but with links to photos
12 Bloom Colours
per Month Index
...All Plants Index

Topic -
Use of Plant in your Plant Selection Process

Plant Colour Wheel Uses
with
1. Perfect general use soil is composed of 8.3% lime, 16.6% humus, 25% clay and 50% sand, and
2. Why you are continually losing the SOIL STRUCTURE so your soil - will revert to clay, chalk, sand or silt.
Uses of Plant and Flower Shape:-
...Foliage Only
...Other than Green Foliage
...Trees in Lawn
...Trees in Small Gardens
...Wildflower Garden
...Attract Bird
...Attract Butterfly
1, 2
...Climber on House Wall
...Climber not on House Wall
...Climber in Tree
...Rabbit-Resistant
...Woodland
...Pollution Barrier
...Part Shade
...Full Shade
...Single Flower provides Pollen for Bees
1, 2, 3
...Ground-Cover
<60cm
60-180cm
>180cm
...Hedge
...Wind-swept
...Covering Banks
...Patio Pot
...Edging Borders
...Back of Border
...Poisonous
...Adjacent to Water
...Bog Garden
...Tolerant of Poor Soil
...Winter-Flowering
...Fragrant
...Not Fragrant
...Exhibition
...Standard Plant is 'Ball on Stick'
...Upright Branches or Sword-shaped leaves
...Plant to Prevent Entry to Human or Animal
...Coastal Conditions
...Tolerant on North-facing Wall
...Cut Flower
...Potted Veg Outdoors
...Potted Veg Indoors
...Thornless
...Raised Bed Outdoors Veg
...Grow in Alkaline Soil A-F, G-L, M-R,
S-Z
...Grow in Acidic Soil
...Grow in Any Soil
...Grow in Rock Garden
...Grow Bulbs Indoors

Uses of Bedding
...Bedding Out
...Filling In
...Screen-ing
...Pots and Troughs
...Window Boxes
...Hanging Baskets
...Spring Bedding
...Summer Bedding
...Winter Bedding
...Foliage instead of Flower
...Coleus Bedding Photos for use in Public Domain 1

Uses of Bulb
...Other than Only Green Foliage
...Bedding or Mass Planting
...Ground-Cover
...Cut-Flower
...Tolerant of Shade
...In Woodland Areas
...Under-plant
...Tolerant of Poor Soil
...Covering Banks
...In Water
...Beside Stream or Water Garden
...Coastal Conditions
...Edging Borders
...Back of Border or Back-ground Plant
...Fragrant Flowers
...Not Fragrant Flowers
...Indoor
House-plant
...Grow in a Patio Pot
...Grow in an Alpine Trough
...Grow in an Alpine House
...Grow in Rock Garden
...Speciman Plant
...Into Native Plant Garden
...Naturalize in Grass
...Grow in Hanging Basket
...Grow in Window-box
...Grow in Green-house
...Grow in Scree
...Naturalized Plant Area
...Grow in Cottage Garden
...Attracts Butterflies
...Attracts Bees
...Resistant to Wildlife
...Bulb in Soil:-
......Chalk
......Clay
......Sand
......Lime-Free (Acid)
......Peat

Uses of Rose
...Bedding
...Climber /Pillar
...Cut-Flower
...Exhibition, Speciman
...Ground-Cover
...Grow In A Container
...Hedge
...Climber in Tree
...Woodland
...Edging Borders
...Tolerant of Poor Soil
...Tolerant of Shade
...Back of Border
...Adjacent to Water
...Page for rose use as ARCH ROSE, PERGOLA ROSE, COASTAL CONDITIONS ROSE, WALL ROSE, STANDARD ROSE, COVERING BANKS or THORNLESS ROSES.
...FRAGRANT ROSES
...NOT FRAGRANT ROSES

Topic -
Camera Photo Galleries showing all 4000 x 3000 pixels of each photo on your screen that you can then click and drag it to your desktop as part of a Plant Selection Process:-

RHS Garden at Wisley
Plant Supports -
When supporting plants in a bed, it is found that not only do those plants grow upwards, but also they expand their roots and footpad sideways each year. Pages
1, 2, 3, 8, 11,
12, 13,
Plants 4, 7, 10,
Bedding Plants 5,
Plant Supports for Unknown Plants 5,
Clematis Climbers 6,
the RHS does not appear to either follow it's own pruning advice or advice from The Pruning of Trees, Shrubs and Conifers by George E. Brown.
ISBN 0-571-11084-3 with the plants in Pages 1-7 of this folder. You can see from looking at both these resources as to whether the pruning carried out on the remainder of the plants in Pages 7-15 was correct.
Narcissus (Daffodil) 9,
Phlox Plant Supports 14, 15

Coleus Bedding Foliage Trial - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30,
31, 32, Index

National Trust Garden at Sissinghurst Castle
Plant Supports -
Pages for Gallery 1
with Plant Supports
1, 5, 10
Plants
2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9,
11, 12
Recommended Rose Pruning Methods 13
Pages for Gallery 2
with Plant Supports
2,
Plants 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Dry Garden of
RHS Garden at
Hyde Hall
Plants - Pages
without Plant Supports
Plants 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Nursery of
Peter Beales Roses
Display Garden
Roses Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13

Nursery of
RV Roger
Roses - Pages
A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,
A6,A7,A8,A9,A10,
A11,A12,A13,A14,
B15,
B16,B17,B18,B19,
B20,
B21,B22,B23,B24,
B25,
B26,B27,B28,B29,
B30,
C31,C32,C33,C34,
C35,
C36,C37,C38,C39,
C40,
C41,CD2,D43,D44,
D45,
D46,D47,D48,D49,
E50,
E51,E52,F53,F54,
F55,
F56,F57,G58,G59,
H60,
H61,I62,K63,L64,
M65,
M66,N67,P68,P69,
P70,
R71,R72,S73,S74,
T75,
V76,Z77, 78,

Damage by Plants in Chilham Village - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4

Pavements of Funchal, Madeira
Damage to Trees - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13
for trees 1-54,
14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 19, 20,
21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
for trees 55-95,
26, 27, 28, 29, 30,
31, 32, 33, 34, 35,
36, 37,
for trees 95-133,
38, 39, 40,
41, 42, 43, 44, 45,
for trees 133-166

Chris Garnons-Williams
Work Done - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13

Identity of Plants
Label Problems - Pages
1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11

Ron and Christine Foord - 1036 photos only inserted so far - Garden Flowers - Start Page of each Gallery
AB1 ,AN14,BA27,
CH40,CR52,DR63,
FR74,GE85,HE96,

Plant with Photo Index of Ivydene Gardens - 1187
A 1, 2, Photos - 43
B 1, Photos - 13
C 1, Photos - 35
D 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
Photos - 411
with Plants causing damage to buildings in Chilham Village and Damage to Trees in Pavements of Funchal
E 1, Photos - 21
F 1, Photos - 1
G 1, Photos - 5
H 1, Photos - 21
I 1, Photos - 8
J 1, Photos - 1
K 1, Photos - 1
L 1, Photos - 85
with Label Problems
M 1, Photos - 9
N 1, Photos - 12
O 1, Photos - 5
P 1, Photos - 54
Q 1, Photos -
R 1, 2, 3,
Photos - 229
S 1, Photos - 111
T 1, Photos - 13
U 1, Photos - 5
V 1, Photos - 4
W 1, Photos - 100
with Work Done by Chris Garnons-Williams
X 1 Photos -
Y 1, Photos -
Z 1 Photos -
Articles/Items in Ivydene Gardens - 88
Flower Colour, Num of Petals, Shape and
Plant Use of:-
Rock Garden
within linked page

Topic -
Fragrant Plants as a Plant Selection Process for your sense of smell:-
Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders

Fragrant Plants:-
Trees and Shrubs with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for an Acid Soil
1, 2, 3, 4
Shrubs bearing Scented Flowers for a
Chalky or Limestone Soil
1, 2, 3, 4
Shrubs bearing Scented leaves for a
Sandy Soil
1, 2, 3
Herbaceous Plants with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3
Annual and Biennial Plants with Scented Flowers or Leaves
1, 2
Bulbs and Corms with Scented Flowers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Scented Plants of Climbing and Trailing Habit
1, 2, 3
Winter-flowering Plants with Scented Flowers
1, 2
Night-scented Flowering Plants
1, 2

Topic -
Website User Guidelines

My Gas Service Engineer found Flow and Return pipes incorrectly positioned on gas boilers and customers had refused to have positioning corrected in 2020.