Ivydene Gardens: WELCOME
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Ivydene Gardens informs you how to design, construct and maintain your private garden using organic methods and companion planting. |
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There are topics on how to design, construct and maintain your private garden using organic methods and companion planting in this website, with the following further detail:- Garden Maintenance Hard Landscaping Garden Design Soft Landscaping Garden Design
The Wild Flower Gallery and the Wildlife on Plant Butterfly Gallery show the relationship between the Butterfly and its plant to aid the creation of a wildlife friendly section to your garden. See plant details of all UK Wildflowers in Wild Flower Botanical Names Index or Wild Flower Common Names Index. Garden Construction On to Plant Selection by locating each of the UK Wildflower -
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Choose 1 of these different 11 Plant Selection Methods followed by details in the respective row below:- 1. Choose a plant from 1 of 53 flower colours in the Colour Wheel Gallery. 2. Choose a plant from 1 of 12 flower colours in each month of the year from 12 Bloom Colours per Month Index Gallery. 3. Choose a plant from 1 of 6 flower colours per month for each type of plant:- 4. Choose a plant from its Flower Shape or Fragrance:- Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders 5. Choose a plant from its foliage:- 6. There are 6 Plant Selection Levels including Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers in 7. Choose a Bee instead of wind pollinated plants for hay-fever sufferers from its own gallery with comparisons per month of 12 flower colours. All Bee-Pollinated Flowers per Month 12 ...Index 8. Choose plant by its use as part of the design process 9. Choose plants for butterflies to use. 10. when I do not have my own or ones from mail-order nursery photos , then from March 2016, if you want to start from the uppermost design levels through to your choice of cultivated and wildflower plants to change your Plant Selection Process then use the following galleries:-
or 11. Choose ground cover plants. The plants normally selected by most landscapers and designers are by nature low-growing, rampant, spreading, creep-crawly things and yet the concept of ground cover demands no such thing. The ideal description of a groundcover plant includes:-
Ground Cover a thousand beautiful plants for difficult places by John Cushnie (ISBN 1 85626 326 6) provides details of plants that fulfill the above requirements. Using these groundcover plants in your planting scheme (either between your trees/shrubs in the border or for the whole border) will - with mulching your beds to a 4 inch depth and an irrigation system - provide you with a planted garden with far less time required for border maintainance.
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1. Choose a plant from 1 of 53 flower colours in the Colour Wheel Gallery. Click on Flower Colour in the Colour Wheel Gallery below to Compare Flowers with that same Colour from the initial 1381 Cultivated Plants and 628 Wildflower Plants detailed in this Website:- Click on number between 1-7 from 12 Colour or 1-6 from Black Sections or Wild White to see all the plant flowers (1381 cultivated - with another 115 roses in the Rose Plants Gallery, another 270 bulbs in the Bulb Gallery, and 628 native to the UK wildflower) in this website with their:-
in one of the above 53 Flower Colour Wheel pages to create your colour coordinated flower schemes. Each Plant Description can then be selected by clicking on the:-
The Colour Wheels of 1. and 2. add many of these plants from 3. together for comparison purposes. |
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2. Choose a plant from 1 of 12 flower colours in each month of the year from 12 Bloom Colours per Month Index Gallery (The Colour Wheels of 1. and 2. add many of these plants from 3. together for comparison purposes.) or from 8. Stage 4a - 12 Bloom Colours per Month Index Gallery
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3. Choose a plant from 1 of 6 flower colours per month for each type of plant:-
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4. Choose a plant from its Flower Shape or Fragrance:- Sense of Fragrance from Roy Genders |
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5. Choose a plant from its foliage:- |
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6. There are 6 Plant Selection Levels including Bee Pollinated Plants for Hay Fever Sufferers in You can select plants for your garden using the following hierarchy as further detailed in Plants:-
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7. Choose a Bee instead of wind pollinated plants for hay-fever sufferers from its own gallery with comparisons per month of 12 flower colours. All Bee-Pollinated Flowers per Month 12 ...Index Click on Flower Colour in the Colour Wheel below to Hay Fever sufferers, it is better to have bee-pollinated plants than wind-pollinated plants, since the pollen spread by that wind is what causes their suffering. The plants in Bee Bloom Gallery are bee-pollinated and they should be used in preference to grasses. Click on the OOO in the Bee-Pollinated Bloom Plant Index below to link to those bee-pollinated plants of that flower colour in that month or any of Enumber indicates Empty Index Page.
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8. Choose plant by its use as part of the design process.
Other Plant Uses are given in the indices Uses of Bulb in Bulb Shape Gallery:- with these Rose Use and Bedding Use Pages:-
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9. Choose plants for butterflies to use.
Butterfly Species. Wild Flower |
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10. when I do not have my own or ones from mail-order nursery photos , then from March 2016, if you want to start from the uppermost design levels through to your choice of cultivated and wildflower plants to change your Plant Selection Process then use the following galleries:-
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This is a sad story about our native Monkey Orchid.... |
It is so sad, that she has to lie down, and... Irrelevant material like this row, with
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...to prevent cows from eating our native orchid plants, we must put the orchids in chicken-wire cages:- |
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"The Green Tree of Love's Mystery" by
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HOME PAGES - Use this website in Landscape mode on an iPAD instead of an iPHONE, when away from home.
Other items in the page below might be of interest:-
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1. Could Madeira use this tree in its current state as Cheap Staff Accomodation for
Photo 10 - tree 101 from pestana promenade to forum tree hollow trunk IMG_6063.JPG in Try not to be on the zebra crossing when it does fall if there is no repair.
note the splits in the exposed heartwood, where the heartwood is starting to fail. Below is a diagram showing how thin are the 3 top layers of a tree/shrub which provide protection and power to live for that tree and how easy it is to be damaged without the tree being able to repair that damage:-
3. The following photo comes from Madeira Island News.com with the accompanying text dated 30 July 2018:- "A set of iron foundations placed around some trees of regional road 104, in the stretch between the PSP and the Ponte Vermelha, in Ribeira Brava, are conditioning the growth of the trees and generating controversy.
4. Another report from Madeira about trees:- “What we saw there is very worrying,” says Paulo Brito, who photographed some of the trees with their roots in sight without the necessary support to stand. In his opinion, “a stronger wind is enough that they come down”, others that have been severely burned by the last fires and are dead, “just waiting to fall”. We saw large branches and trees already with a level of inclination for the road, almost at a stage of a possible tragedy. The road also needs a lot of attention as it is in a very bad state and is a road used by locals and many tourists, as one of the main routes to Paul da Serra. Taken from Funchal News.
5. If you put a shrub/tree in a very small volume of ground and allow it to grow, there will come a point where the weight of the tree/shrub above ground exceeds the weight of the earth/roots below the ground and so it becomes unstable and falls over as you can see in an evening for falling trees in October 2017 article. The earth in the hole where the shrub is surrounded by impervious material is not enough area or depth for its roots to continue to provide itself with a stable platform as it matures. Tree Root Systems - 130/95/ARB - by Martin Dobson of Arboricultural Advisory and Information Service:-
6. "This tree was tied with plastic baling twine to a fence when very young. The white section shows the width at which it was tied. This tree top snapped in the wind.
7. 166 trees in the pavements in a short section of a road in Funchal, Madeira are being slowly, starved, dehydrated, asphyxiated, poisoned by tarmac and concrete, burnt inside their hollow trunks, roots pounded by 40 ton lorries or shoes of pedestrians, and allowed to rot until killed off during February 2019 (see information in Problems with trees in pavements in Funchal, Madeira in January/February 2018 Page, which appears to have had no effect) as shown by my 433 photos in the following pages (and further detailed in the following Camera Photo Galleries Pavements of Funchal, Madeira Damage to Trees 1, 2, 3, 4):-
The people of Madeira and/or VAN DEN BERK NURSERIES could SOLVE THESE TREE PROBLEMS they could continue to kill these trees and others in the same situation elsewhere on the island or
I could use Companion Planting, but I am sure that the above is enough for me to start with in taking 400 hours per day leaving my time schedule for sleep and nourishment not executed, Although the above is about the trees in the pavements in Madeira, other towns in other countries may find the information within it useful. There are also Problems with Trees in Pavements in Guernsey, in September 2019 Page.
8. I have noticed in my home town that herbicide has been spread
The legumes like mustard between spring to autumn will replace the bare earth, which would otherwise grow weeds and look unsightly - it does not matter if some mustard grows into the grassed areas, since it would be cut down. Overall maintenance cost would thus be greatly reduced and the trees would benefit.
9. The section below explains why grass has such a detrimental effect on trees/shrubs/ or other plants planted within it:- This shows the roots of 1 ryegrass plant, which had been removed from the foundation bed of Type I MOT Roadstone in a client's garden. You can see that this plant has tens of yards or metres of root to absorb water. "Most turf grass roots are concentrated in the first 6-8 inches (15-20 cms) of soil. Try to irrigate only one or two inches of water per week during the turf growing season. You could irrigate the whole amount of water at one time, however most folks have better results splitting the amount into two separate applications. Please note however in sandy soils where the water percolates more rapidly it may benefit you to split the applications into three separate irrigation cycles. You do not want to irrigate more than three times a week because you would be applying so little water the outcome would be shallow roots." "Native Grass Meadow
Photo 5 - tree 23 from end of 2 road junction tree in garden IMG_6222.JPG The roots of this tree are at ground level where they compete with the grass and other plants. Replace the grass with GREEN MANURE such as everlasting spinach to provide nitrogen to the tree roots as a legume rather than the grass which takes away the water and any application of fertiliser or nutrients in an organic mulch. The roots of the tree can then migrate below ground. The area where the above tree is planted is not usually trafficked by the public,
10. Since I am currently adding to the 97 out 706 ferns to the Fern Gallery, I thought you might be interested in the following to explain why the current treatment of growing plants in pavements in Madeira is lacking in care:-
This row gives a very clear overall description of the "Understanding Fern Needs
11. Only Earthworms provide the tunnels which transport water, gas and nutrients to and from tree roots When the roots of the plant requires the mineral nutrients dissolved in soil water, oxygen and nitrogen intake and waste gases output, it gets it through the action of the earthworm continously making tunnels to provide the transport system. This earthworm activity aerates and mixes the soil, and is conducive to mineralization of nutrients and their uptake by vegetation. Certain species of earthworm come to the surface and graze on the higher concentrations of organic matter present there, mixing it with the mineral soil. Because a high level of organic matter mixing is associated with soil fertility, an abundance of earthworms is generally considered beneficial by farmers and gardeners.
12. The easiest and quickest solution for existing pavement areas using pavers or paving slabs is the SuDSFLOW System using paving spacers for permeable paving. Simply take up the paver/paving slab and re-install with the spacer and laying coarse if you cannot afford to also install the correct subgrade. You would then end up with redundant pavers/paving slabs and the same system could be used elsewhere. |
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Other items in the Home Section which have nothing to do with gardening, but reading them might deter you from visiting Great Britain; or employing its workforce; or trusting its local or main government:-
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If the idea of saving trees does not appeal, perhaps you could aid damsels in distress:-
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Ivydene Gardens Photo Damage to Trees in Madeira:
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Row 1 has the Pass-Through Camera image of Thumbnail image named in Row 2 Row 2 has same image reduced to fit the image frame of 160 x 120 pixels as a Click on either image and drag to your desktop. Copying the pages and then clicking on the images to drag them may not work. |
Item is At least 40% of the horizontal area of this tree trunk has rotted, before this tree was the rotting process has been visible to the naked eye of the inside and yet nobody has done anything during that time except wait The central nervous system of this tree which goes up the trunk and branches off to
Unfortunately, when this central nervous system is destroyed, then there is no way that the Every time any tree has a branch cut off or the branch damaged by wind, etc, then due
"This is the supporting literature about wound dressings (as used in my year at Hadlow Pages 9-11 of The Pruning of Trees, Shrubs and Conifers by Development of Cavities Page 23 of The Pruning of Trees, Shrubs and Conifers by George E. Brown.
I have reported that the government of Madeira managed to get one of the the 6 tree Photos in the Evergreen Trees Gallery Site Map Page show what I did to save a very old yew |
Item is It is great to see how close the traffic came to this tree. |
Item is Further along this stretch of pavement, this is the stump or stumps of the same height You may note that there is part of the trunk, which is mosly rotten, with a very narrow part on |
Item is A view - from that dump of cut down tree in the previous photo - towards The Forum. Pavements of Funchal, Madeira Photos 6 and 7 on Monitoring of Trees in Funchal Page 1 show a tree in a pavement |
Item is Completed new pavement and viewing back to the standing tree on the left in photo |
Item is Black sand being laid as the base for the new concrete pavers as the top surface of the pavement. "The trees' roots also end up absorbing the salt. In cases like this, it takes a longer time for the salt |
Item is In the table on the left, you can see the bijou residence for a worker in the Forum The central nervous system of this tree besides the majority of the heartwood has rotted |
Item is Looking back to the zebra crossing where the tree in Photo IMG 0014 is located, these It is interesting to note that these trees used to reduce the wind tunnel effect between the |
"Madeira Name Meaning - Portuguese: metonymic occupational name for a carpenter, from madeira
Looking at the photos of these trees in Madeira, I have seen almost every possible way that the people We the tourists are very grateful to be blown about by this wind. |
A. Tree roots Leaflet No. 6 Published by the Arboricultural Association in 1991:- "There is a popular misconception that the roots of a large tree growing under typical British conditions will penetrate to a depth of several metres. People refer to these as "tap roots" or "anchor roots". Under most conditions of soil and climate in Britain this picture is far from the truth. Tree roots need to obtain water, nutrients and oxygen from the soil. These are usually most readily available near to the surface, and carbon dioxide produced by the roots disperses more readily there. As a consequence, most roots are normally found in the upper 600mm (24 inches) or less. On poorly drained clay soils in areas with a moderate or high rainfall all the roots of a large tree may be in the upper 300mm (1 foot = 12 inches) or less. Roots will sometimes penetrate to a depth of 400 or 500cms, particularly in drier parts of Britain, but that is the exception rather than the rule; and even there, the majority of roots are likely to be in the upper 600mm. All roots contribute to the moisture supply and stability of the tree, and there is no meaningful distinction between what are often called "feeder roots" and "support roots". The uptake of moisture and nutrients takes place mainly through very fine hairlike roots at the ends of the smallest woody roots. Many of these fine roots may die in the autumn and grow again in the next spring. These could be called "feeder roots", but would not include any roots more than 1mm diameter. Typical tree on typical soil, in Britain (An indication of root spread of a typical tree, where root development is unimpeded by ditches, walls or other obstructions.):-
Narrow or fastigiate forms may have a smaller branch spread, but can have a similar root spread. The size of the root system is related to the amount of foliage which the tree supports, not just to the height or branch spread. "Tap roots" are a feature of some tree seedlings, such as oak, which tend to send down a single main root; but as trees grow, the main direction of root growth is in a lateral direction, and the "tap root" does not continue to develop to such a great extent as the upper parts of the tree. A mature oak tree will not therefore be a scaled-up version of an oak seedling, but will hav a differently shaped root system. The roots of most (but not all) trees sub-divide rapidly, so that most of the roots are relatively thin except within 200 or 300 cms of the main stem. It can often be possible to cut through the complete root system 300cms from the tree without seeing any roots more than 25mm (1 inch) thick. The extent of the root system will vary with the soil, climate, tree species, and other factors, but will normally extend further than the branches. Ploughing, trenching, raising or lowering the soil level, or digging even the top 200mm (8 inches) of soil may destroy a major proportion of the root system of a tree." In other words when service repair, renewal or a new service installation is done, then further damage is done to the tree roots.
B. The following is from Arboriculture Research Note 36 97 TRL Tree Roots and Underground Pipes by G. Brennan, D Patch and F R W Stevens Published in January 1997 ISSN No. 1362-5128:- "...Underground services are laid in trenches cut through the soil and then backfilled. ... If a pipe is cooler than the surrounding soil, moisture will condense around it creating conditions conducive to root growth. When pipes are excavated, a mass of fine roots may be found forming a sheath round the pipe, and this may lead engineers to blame tree roots for causing direct damage to the service. ... Roots do not break pipes or force their way into pipes to gain access to water and nutrients. Apart from the problems associated with clay or mortar packing, why do pipes and their joints fail? On highly shrinkable clay soils tree roots may contribute to soil drying, and where as a result a clay shrinks pipes may then move. But more important are the design and quality of the pipe materials, the standards of workmanship and supervision during construction of the pipeline. In addition, later excavations adjacent to the line of the service can result in slumping of soil and distortion of the pipe. All of these could cause cracks in pipes or weakening of joints. If moisture escapes from a water-carrying underground pipe, a moisture gradient will develop in the soil. Tree roots in the vicinity of the pipe may flourish in the moist soil and penetrate the pipe at the seepage point. Roots will then proliferate within the pipe; eventually they may create a blockage. This is probably the most dramatic and troublesome form of tree root damage to a pipe - particularly if the pipe is carrying foul water. However, roots are most unlikely to grow into a pipe that is leaking under pressure (e.g. a water main)." The above might explain the 2 ways that trees in pavements get their water supply, but not how they get gas exchange for the oxygen or carbon dioxide, but may explain the small amount of nutrient gained from the surrounding of the storm drain with its detritus.
C. The following is from Arboriculture Research Note 59 2012 The effects of Weed Competition on Tree Establishment by R.J. Davies and J.B.H. Gardiner Published in June 1989 - Revised with minor alterations May 2012:- "Many sites are grassed before tree planting to improve their appearance. All plants compete to some extent but grasses and clover are particularly competitive. ... The roots of weeds close to the tree also compete for moisture and nutrients and on grassy sites this is more important than competition for light. ... Mowing often increases the sward's transpiration, and thus the moisture stress suffered by the tree. See effect of grass on trees in section 9 of damage to trees in pavements of Funchal, Madeira in the second table on the left.
D. The following is from Arboriculture Research Note 110 93 ext Water Tables and Trees by D R Helliwell Published in February 1993:- "Over much of lowland Britain, the annual precipitation (rain and snow) is in the order of 600mm.The canopy of a deciduous tree will intercept about 15%, which is evaporated directly back to the atmosphere, and cover of evergreen trees will intercept about 30%. A question is often asked is "If a large tree takes 200 gallons of water from the soil per day, how can it survive if it can not draw on the 'water table'?. The answer is that in most locations the soil in which the tree is rooted can store sufficient 'available moisture' to keep the tree alive during dry weather in most summers. Recharge of soil moisture around the roots is from precipitation.
Nobody involved in roads or public spaces like parks appears to know, care or maintain the plant requirements upon which they depend for the oxygen that keeps them alive, but keep on finding ways to damage that plant world. Solutions:- 1."Competition reduces the survival and growth of newly planted trees The area where the above tree is planted is not usually trafficked by the public,
2. Provide 'Available Water' for trees in pavements Plant the new tree at least 50cms (18 inches) away from pavementedge to road. 3. Provide gaseous exchange and nutrients for these trees in pavements. |
Cultural Needs of Plants "Understanding Fern Needs |
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It is worth remembering that especially with roses that the colour of the petals of the flower may change - The following photos are of Rosa 'Lincolnshire Poacher' which I took on the same day in R.V. Roger's Nursery Field:- |
Closed Bud |
Opening Bud |
Juvenile Flower |
Older Juvenile Flower |
Middle-aged Flower - Flower Colour in Season in its |
Mature Flower |
Juvenile Flower and Dying Flower |
Form of Rose Bush |
There are 720 roses in the Rose Galleries; many of which have the above series of pictures in their respective Rose Description Page. So one might avoid the disappointment that the 2 elephants had when their trunks were entwined instead of them each carrying their trunk using their own trunk, and your disappointment of buying a rose to discover that the colour you bought it for is only the case when it has its juvenile flowers; if you look at all the photos of the roses in the respective Rose Description Page!!!! |
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My current ambition at my retired age of 73 in 2022 (having started this website in 2005) is to complete the following:- Wildflower Flower Shape and Landscape Uses Gallery has an empty framework that I created on 20 February 2022. When all the remainder of the UK wildflowers have been checked:-
Then, the wildflower entries in the Wildflower Flower Shape and Landscape Uses Gallery will be filled in after each Wildflower has its cultivation details added to the Botanical Names and Common Names Galleries. Starting the above from 20 February 2022, I think it might take me a few years, but it does mean that as I progress then you will be able to associate more wildflowers with more of all the plant types of the cultivated plants who have similar growing requirements. Then, more of the natural world with its wildlife could also inhabit your garden. |
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Links to external websites like the link to "the Man walking in front of car to warn pedestrians of a horseless vehicle approaching" would be correct when I inserted it after March 2007, but it is possible that those horseless vehicles may now exceed the walking pace of that man and thus that link will currently be br My advice is Google the name on the link and see if you can find the new link. Other websites provide you with cookies - I am sorry but I am too poor to afford them. |